Aymbw  7

IpjvT-Nn-In-nXw

tmI x

1 - 15

16 - 30

31 - 45

46 - 60

61 - 75

76 - 95

AYmXx {]ta-l-Nn-In-nXw hymJym-kym-ax,

CXn-l-kvaml `K-hm-\m-t{X-bx.

1

C\n IpjvT-Nn-In-nXwF Aym-bs Bt{Xb `K-hm D]-tZ-in--Xp-{]-Imcw Xs An-thi aljn hnh-cn-p-p-v.

tlXpw {Zhyw enwKw IpjvTm-\-am-{ibw {]i-a-\

irWzn-th-j-k-ayKv hnti-jXx kv]j-\-Lv\m\mw

2

tl An-thi ! hnti-jnv kv]j-t\-{nb \mis sNp--Xmb IpjvT-ns ImcWw {Zhyw, e-Ww, B{ibw NnIn Fn-hsb kw_-nv ]d-bp-Xv tIp-[-cnp sImI.

hntcm-[o-\y ]m\m\n {Zh-kv\nKv Kpcq-WnN

`P-Xm-am-KXmw Onw thKm-m-\ym {]Xn-Lv\-Xm

hymbm-a-aXn km-]-aXn `pzm \ntj-hnWmw

iotXmjvW ewL-\m-lm-cm {Iaw apzm \ntj-hnWmw

L-{ia `bmm\mw {ZpXw ioXmw_p tkhn\mw

APom-y-in-\m-ssh ]-Im] NmcnWmw

\hm--Z[n akvkym-Xn-e-h-Wm--\n-tj-hnWmw

amj-aq-eI ]njvSm Xne-oc KpUm-in\mw

hyhm-b-m-]y-Pot ƒ t \n{Zm `P-Xmw-Znhm

hn{]m Kpcq [j-bXmw ]m]mw-IN IpXmw

hmXm-Z-b-kv{X-tbm-Zp-jvSm-kvXzKv cw-amw-k-aw-_pN

Zqj-bn kIp-jvTm\w k]vX-tIm-{Z-hy-kw-{K-lx.

3

hncp--am-bXpw {Zh-cq-]-n-ep-Xpw kv\nKv-X-bp-Xpw Kpcp-Xz-ap--Xp-amb A-]m-\- ioen-p-I, {]hr--am-\-amb Nn-tbbpw hmX--hnaq-{XmZn thK--tfbpw XS-bp-I, IqSp-X-embn `Ww Ign DSs\ AXn-bmbn hymbmaw sNp-Itbm AXn-bmbn ZpxJn-p-Itbm sNp-I, ioXw, DjvWw, ]nWn InS-p-I, Blmcw Ign-pI Fnh {Iaw-hnp ioen-p-I, AXm-bXv \ XWp--Xp-]-tbm-Kn DSs\ NqSp--Xp-]-tbm-Kn-p-I, ]nWn InS DSs\ [mcmfw Blmcw Ign-pI apX-em-b-h, IqSp-X-embn NqtSp-Ibpw IqSp-X-embn Azm-\n-p-Ibpw IqSp-X-embn `b-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX Ah-k-c-n s]sv XWp shw IpSp-p-I, APow ]nSn-p-I, IqSp-X-embn `Ww Ign-p-I, ]-Iw th-Xp-t]mse sNm-Xn-cn-p-I, ]pXnb Acn-bpsS tNmdv ssXcv, ayw, Dv, ]pfn Fnh IqSp-X-em-bp-]-tbm-Kn-p-I, Dgp-v, ap-n, Acn Ac-p-m-nb ]e-lm-c-, Fv, ]m, shw Fnh IqSp-X-em-bp-]-tbm-Kn-p-I, Ign Blmcw Zln-p--Xn\p apmbn kv{Xotk-h-sN-p-I, ]I-ep-d-p-I, {_-W-tcbpw Kpcp-\m-Y-m-tcbpw A]-am-\n-p-I, ]m]-Iw sNpI Fo Imc-W--sf-smv hmXmZn aqv tZmj-fpw Zpjn-nv Nw, cw, amwkw, Pemwiw (e-kn-I) Fn-h-Isf Zpjn-n-p--Xm-Ip-p.Npcp--n IpjvT--fpsS {Zhyw Cu Ggm-Ip-p.AXm-bXv hmXmZn aqp tZmj-fpw XzKmZn \mev Zpjy-h-kvXp--fpw.

XXx IpjvTm\n Pmbt k]vX-ssN-ImZ ssihN

kssNI tZmjmPw Inn IpjvTw kap-]-e-`y-tX.

4

tZmj- Zqjy-sf Zpjn-n--Xn-\p-tijw 7  alm-Ip-jvT-fpw 11  p{Z-Ip-jvT-fpw Dm-Ip--Xm-Ip-p. GI tZj-P-\y-ambn Hcp IpjvThpw Dm-Ip--X-. AXm-bXv Fm IpjvThpw {XntZm-j-P-\y-am-sW-w.

kv]im-Pv-Xza ]ntkztZm \hm-ssh-hy-ap-Xnx

tImTm\mw tema-lj IWvUq-kvtXmZx {iax tax

{hWm-\m-a-[nIw iqew iot{Lm]-n-nc nXw

kp]-XXz awK-Zm-l IpjvT-e--W-a-{K-Pw.

5

sXmm-e-dn-bm-bva, IqSp-X hbm-Xn-cn-pI, \nd-t`-Zw, tImT- Dbp-Im-Wp-I, tcma-ljw, sNmdn-n, Ipn-t\m-hv, oWw, Xf, {hW-n IqSp-X thZ-\, {hWw s]s-p-m-hp-Ibpw DW-p-hm Xma-kn-p-Ibpw sNp-I, AwK--fn Xcn-v, Npp-\o-d Fnh IpjvT-ns ]q-cq-]-e--W-am-Ip-p.

AX Duz ajvSm-Z-jm\mw IpjvTm\mw I]m-temZpw

_c aWvU-ejy Pnlz ]pWvU-coI knva-ImI

ssWI IpjvT-NmJy InSn` hn]m-Zn-Im-e-k-I-Z{Zp

N-Zf ]mam-hn-kvlmS iXm-cqhn-Nn-Im\mw e

Wm-\yp-]-tZ-ym-ax.

6

C\n 18--hn[w IpjvT--fpsS t]cv ]d-bmw. Iem-]w, DZpw-_-cw, a-ew, Ejy-Pn-lz, ]p-co-Iw, kn[va-Im-IWw Ch Ggpw alm-Ip-jvTfmIpp.GI IpjvTw Nm-Jyw, InSn-`w, hn]m-Zn-Im, Ae-k-Iw, Z{Zp, N-Z-ew, ]mam hnkvt^m-Sw, iXm-cp, hnNnIm Ch ]Xn-aqpw p{Z-Ip-jvT--fm-Ip-p. C\n Cu 18--Ip-jvT--fp-tSbpw e-W-sf ]d-bmw.

IrjvWm-cpW I]m-em`w bZv cqx ]cq-jw-X\p

I]mew tZmj-_-lpew XIpjvTw hnj-aw-kvar-Xw.

7

Idp Hmn IjWw t]msetbm Acp-W-h-ap Hmn IjWw t]msetbm \nd-ap-m-hp-I, cq-Xbpw ]cp-]-cppw Dm-hp-I, I\w Ipd-n-cn-p-I-I, IqSp-X Ipn-t\m-hp-m-hp-I, ka-cq-]-an-m-Xn-cn-pI Fo e-W--fp-m-bm AXv I]m-e-Ip-jvT-am-Ip-p.

cpK-Zm-l-cmK IWvUp`ox ]co-Xw-tema ]nRvPcw

DZpw-_c ^em-`mkw IpjvT-au-cpw-_cw htZ.

8

Npp-]mSpw thZ-\, Npp-\o-d, NpIv \ndw, sNmdn-n Fn-h-tbmSp IqSn-bXpw sNn tcma--fp-Xpw An-gw t]mse \nd-ap--Xp-amb IpjvTw DZpw-_c IpjvT-am-sWv ]-d-bWw.

tizXw cw ncw kvXym\w kv\nKv-ap k-a-WvUew

Ir{Oa-t\ym-\y-kw-kw IpjvTwaWvUpe-ap-Ny-tX.

9

shfppw NpIpw Ie \ndw, nc-Xzw, L\-Xzw, kv\nKv-X, Db aew asmcp a-e-tmSp tNcpI Fo e-W--tfmSp IqSnb IpjvTw ae IpjvT-sav ]d-bp-p.

Iiw c-]-cy--ax iymhw kth-Z\w

bZr-jy-Po-lzm-kw-m\ arjy-Pnlzw XZp-Ny-tX.

10

]cp-]-cppw Nppw c-hhpw \Spv Icp-hm-fnpw thZ-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw \oe-\n-d-n A-tIm-iap am\ns \mhv t]m-se-bp--Xp-amb IpjvT-n\v Ejy-Pnlzm IpjvTw Fv]d-bp-p.

ktizXmw c-]-cyw ]p-co-I-Z-tfm-]aw

tkmtk-[ kcm-K ]p-coIw XZp-Ny-tX.

11

Nppw sh-\n-d-tmSp IqSnb c-hhpw Xmac-bpsS Zfw t]msebpw Dbp-\n-evp-Ibpw \Spv NpIv \ndhpw D IpjvT-n\v ]p-coI IpjvTw Fv ]d-bp-p.

tizXw Xm{aw X\p-N-bZv ctPm LrjvSw hnap-Xn

Aem_p ]pjv]-h X kn[vaw `pb-tkm-c-kn.

12

shfp-Xpw Xm{a-h-ambpw L\-an-m--Xpw Dc-kn-bm Nw s]mSnn hohp-Xpw Npc--bpsS ]qt]m-se-bp--Xp-amb IpjvTw kn[va IpjvT-am-Ip-p. CXp an-hmdpw ico-c-ns Duz-`m-K--en-em-Wp-m-hp-I.

b ImI-W-nIm h-a-]mIw Xo{hth-Z\w

{XntZmj enwKw-X IpjvTw ImIWw ss\h-kn-y-Xn.

13

Ipn-p-c-t]mse Nppw Nphpw \Spv Idp--\n-d-ambpw ]gp-m-sXbpw ITn-\-th-Z-\-bp-Xpw {XntZm-j- tIm]n--Xmb e-W--fp--Xp-amb IpjvTw ImIW IpjvT-am-Ip-p.CXv Akm-y-am-Ip-p.Cu ]d Ggpw alm-Ip-jvS-am-Ip-p.

Atkz-Z\w alm-hkvXp baky iI-tem-]aw

XtZ-I-IpivT NmJyw _lpfw lkvXn N-h

iymhw InW-J-c-kv]iw ]cpjw InSn`w kvarXw

ssh]m-ZnIw ]mWn-]mZ kv^pS\w Xo{h-th-Z\w

Ip-aZv`nx kcm-ssKjvN Kc ekIw hnZymx

kI-WvUq-cmK ]oUIw Z-{Zpa-WvUe apZvKXw

cm kiqew IWvUq-a kkvt]mSw b-e-Xy]n

Xtf amJymXw kwkv]im kl-ap-Ny-tX.

]mam-tiz-Xm-cpW iymhmx IWvUpcmx ]nU-Im-`riw

kvtdmSmx iymhm-cp-Wm-`mkm hnkvt^mSmx kypkvX-\p-XzNx

cw-iymhw kZm-lmn iXmcpx kymZv _lp-{hWw

kIpWvUq ]nU-Im-iymhm _lp-{kmhm hnNn-Im.

CtXy-Im-Zi p{Z-Ip-jvTm-\n.

14

hnbn-m-Xn-cn-p-I, hfsc hym]vXn-bp-m-hp-I, ayw apdn--Xp-t]m-se-bp-m-hp-I, AXv GI IpjvTw F IpjvT-am-Ip-p. B\-tmev t]mse XSn tXmep-Xv N-Ip-jvT-am-Ip-p.Icp-hm-fnpw sXmp-t\m-n-bm DW-nb {hWw-t]mse ]cp-]-cp-p-Xpw cq-X-bp-Xpw InSn-`-Ip-jvT-am-Ip-p.ssIIm-ep-I-fn Iod-ep-m-hp-Ibpw I-Tn-\-th-Z-\-bp-m-hp-Ibpw sNp-Xv hn]m-ZnI IpjvT-am-Ip-p. sNmdn-nepw Np-Ipw s]mn--fbpw DXv Aek IpjvT-am-Ip-p.sNmdn-nepw NpIpw ]nUm-I-Ifpw DXpw hrm-Ir-Xn-bn Dbp ImWp-Xpw Z{Zp-Ip-jvT-am-Ip-p. c-hw, Ipn-t\m-hv, sNmdn-n, s]mnf Fn-hbpw Nw ]nf-cp-Ibpw sNp-Xv N-Z-f-IpjvTw Fp ]d-bp-p. CXv sXmm ITn-\-th-Z-\-bp-m-hp-Ibpw sNpw. shfp-Xpw NpI-Xpw Icp-hm-fn-p-Xpw sNmdn-n-ep--Xp-amb [mcmfw ]nU-I-I-fp--Xn\v ]mam-IpjvTw Fv ]d-bp-p. Icp-hm-fnpw NpI--Xp-amb ]nU-I-fp-Xpw Nw t\cn-b-Xp-amb IpjvTw hnkvt]m-S Ipj-A-T-am-Ip-p.c-h-ap-Xpw Icp-hm-fn-p-Xpw Npp-\o-d-ep-Xpw IqSp-X {hW-ap--Xp-amb IpjvTw iXm-cp-Ip-jvT-am-Ip-p.sNmdn-n-temSp IqSnbpw Icp-hm-fn-p-Xpw s]mn Hen-p--Xp-amb ]nU-I-I-fp-Xv hnNnIm IpjvT-am-Ip-p.11--{-Zp-Ip-jvT- C{]-Im-c-am-Ip-p.

hmtX ƒ [nI-Xtc IpjvTw I]mew aew It^

]nt-Xzu-Zpw-_cw hnZym ImI-Wp {XntZm-jPw

15

IpjvT--sfmw {XntZm-j-P-\y-am-sW-nepw I]me IpjvTw hmXm-[n-Iy-ap-Xpw a-e-IpjvTw I^m-[n-Iy-ap-Xpw DZpw-_-c-IpjvTw ]nm-[n-Iy-ap-Xpw ImI-W-IpjvTw {XntZm-jm-[n-Iy-ap--Xp-am-Ip-p.

hmX-]nt tiva-]nt hmX-t-jva-Wn-Nm-[ntI

Ejy-Pnlz ]pWvU-coIw kn[va-Ip-jvT--Pm-b-tX.

16

hmX-]n-m-[n-Iy-n Ejy-Pnlz IpjvThpw I^-]n-m-[n-Iy-n ]p-coI IpjvThpw hmX-I-^m-[n-Iy-n kn[va-Ip-jvThpw Dm-Ip-p.

NmJy taI-Ip-jvT InSn`w khn-]m-ZnXw

IpjvT-m-e-kIw tbw {]mbm hmX-I-^m-[n-Iw.

17

N-Ip-jvTw, GI-Ip-jvTw, InSn-`w, hn]m-Zn-Iw, Ae-k-Iw, Fo IpjvT- an-hmdpw hmX-I-^m-[n-Iy-ap--Xm-bn-cn-p-sav a\-n-em--Ww.

]mam-i-Xm-cq hnkvt^mSw Z{Z--Zfw XYm

]n-t-jvam-[nIw {]mbx I^-{]m-bm-hn-Nn-Im.

18

]ma, iXm-cp, hnkvt]m-Sw, Z{Zp, N-Zf Fo IpjvT- an-hmdpw ]n-I-^m-Zn-Iy-ap--Xm-bn-cn-p-Ibpw sNpw.

kw {XntZm-jPw IpjvTw tZmjm-Wm _em-_ew

bYm-sskz e-ssW _pzm IpjvTm\mw {Inb-tX-{Inbm

tZmjky bky ]mtiy IpjvtTjp hntij-enwK ap{Znw

Xssky-h-iaw Ipcym XXx ]cm-\p-_-y-ky.

19

Fm IpjvThpw aqv tZmj--fpw tIm]n-p-m-Ip--Xm-Ip-p.Fm IpjvT-n\v AXm-Xns e-W--se-smv tZmj--fpsS _em-_ew a\-n-em-n-bnv AXm-Xn-\-\p-k-cn hn[-n-ep NnInk sNt--Xm-Wv. IpjvT-n GXp tZmj-ns hntij e-W-fmWv hn-pImWp-Xv B tZjs ian-n-p-hm-\p NnIn BZyw sN-Ww.AXn-\p-tijw A\p-_ tZmj-sf ian-n-p-hm-\p NnIn sNp-Ibpw thWw.

IpjvT-hn-ti-ssj tZmjm-tZmj hntissjx ]p\x IpjvTm\n

mb-t-tX-tlXpw tlXp-kvXmw {]Im-i-b-Xn.

20

IpjvT-ns hnti-j-e--W--sf-smv tZmj-tIm-]--sfbpw ]noSv tZmj-tIm-]--fpsS hnti-j-e--W--sf-smv IpjvT-tbpw a\-n-em-m-hp--Xm-Wv.IpjvT hnti-j--sf-smpw tZmjm-en-ti-j--sf-smpw Imc-W-tbpw Imc-W--sf-smv IpjvT-hn-ti-j--sfbpw tZmj-hn-ti-j--sfbpw {]Im-in-n-p--Xm-Ip-p.

cuyw timj-kvtXm-Zx-iqew ktm-N\w XYm-bmkx

]mcqjyw Yc-`m-thm-ljx iymhm-cp-W-Xz

IpjvtT-jp-hm-X-enwKw Zmtlm-cmKx ]cn-{khx ]mIx

hnt{km-Kx tZ-kvX-YmwK ]X-\ ]n-IrXw

ssizXyw ssizXyw IW-AUpx sscyw tkmtk[

Kuc-h-kvt\lmx

IpjvtTjp XpI-^-enwKw Pp`n c`n-`-Ww tZx.

21

cq-X, icocw saen-bp-I, Ipn-t\m-hv, thZ-\, ssIIm-ep-I-fpsS hnc-ep-Ifpw apw hf-bp-I, Bbm-kw, ImTn-\yw, ]cp-]-cp-v, tcma-ljw, Icp-hm-fn-v, NpI-p-hw Fnh IpjvT--fn ImWp-Xv hmXm-[n-Iy-ns e-W-am-Ip-p.Npp-\o-d, NpI-p-\n-dw, s]mn-H-en-p-I, ]gp-p-I, Ba-K-w, \\-hv, hnc-ep-I apdn-p-ho-Wp-t]m-hpI Fo e-W- ImWp IpjvTw ]nm-[n-Iy-ap IpjvT-am-Ip-p. sh-\n-dw, ioXw, sNmdnn, nc-Xzw, Dbp-\n-evp-I, Kpcp-Xzw, kv\nKvX, Iran-Xn-p-I, \\hv Fnh IpjvT-n Im AXv I^m-[n-Iy-ap IpjvT-am-Ip-p.

kss enwssKbpw aXn-am hnh-tb-Z-_ew

XrjvWmZm-l-]-coXw imm-Kw Pp-`nP-Kvw.

22

Cu ]d aqptZmj--fpsS e-W-fpw Hcp-anp ImWp-Ibpw Zp_-e-\m-hp-Ibpw Zmlhpw Npp\o-depw sImv ZpxJn-p-Ibpw An-a-o-`-hn-p-Ibpw Iran Xnp-Ibpw sNbvX IpjvT-tcm-Knsb _pn-am-\mb sshZy hn--Ww.

hmX-I^ {]_-ew-bZv btZI tZmtjm-ezWw \XIr{w

X^-]n hmX-]n {__-em-\nXp Ir{ IpjvTm-\n.

23

hmX-I-^m-[n-Iy-ap-Xpw GI-tZmj h-\-hp--Xp-amb IpjvTw kpJ-km-y-am-Ip-p.I^-]n-m-[n-Iy-ap-Xpw hmX-]n-m-[n-Iy-ap--Xp-amb IpjvTw IjvS-km-y-am-Ip-p.

hmtXmtcjp kn ha\w tjvtam--tcjp IpjvtTjp

]ntm--tcj tamtm cky hntc-N-\-mt{K

ha-\-hn-tc-N-\-tbmKmx It]mmx IpjvTn\mw {]tbm-hymx

{]-\-at] IpjvtT alXn NikvXw kncm-hy-[\w

_lp-tZmjx kwtimy IpjvTo-_-lptim \pc-Xm {]mWm

tZmtj-ly-Xn-amt{X lrtX hmbp l\ym-Z-_-e-am-ip.

24

hmX-{]-[m-\-amb IpjvT-n BZyw-Xs kvt\l-]m\w sNp-Ibpw I^-{]-[m-\-amb Ipjv-T-n BZyw Xs On-n-p-Ibpw ]n-{]-[m-\-amb IpjvT-n BZyw Xs c-tam--Whpw hntc-N-\hpw sNpIbpw thWw. ha-\-hn-tc-N\ tbmK- Iev]-m-\-n ]d-h Xs IpjvT-tcm-Kn-Ipw {]tbm-Kn-m-hp--Xm-Wv.p{Z-Ip-jvT-n sNdnb tXmXn Iodn c-tam-Ww sNp-Ibpw thWw.alm-Ip-jvT-n kncm-th[w sNbvXp c-tam-Ww sNp-Ibpw thWw.tZmj- IqSp-X-ep IpjvT-tcm-Knsb Ahs {]mWs\ cn-p-sImv tZmj-sf ]e-{]m-h-iy-ambn a\ hn-tc-N-\--c--tam--Wm-Zn-Isfsmv Ipdp Ipd-mbn ]pdvv If-b-Ww. AmsX Hcp {]mh-iyw-sImv Xs IqSp-X-embn tZmj-sf ]pd-tp If-m hmbp tIm]np s]p Xs _lp-tZm-j--fp Zp_-e-\mb IpjvT-tcm-Kn-bpsS \mi-n-\n-S-bm-sbpw hcpw.

kvt\lky ]m\-anjvSw ipt tImjvtT {]-hm-lntX ct

hmbpln ip-tImjvTw IpjvTn\ a_ew hni-Xn-io-{Lw.

25

ha\w hntc-N\w sNbvXp tImjvT-ip-n-h-cp-p-Ibpw c-tam-Ww sNp-Ibpw sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw kvt\_-]m\w sNp-Xv \-Xm-Ip-p. ImcWw _e-lo-\-\mb IpjvT-tcm-Kn-bpsS ip-tIm-jvT-n hmbp W-n {]th-in-p--Xm-Ip-p. AXpsImv hmX-i-a-\mw ipy-\-cw kvt\l-]m\w hfsc \-Xm-Ip-p.

tZmtjm njvtS lrZtb hmayx IpjvtTjp tNmz-`m-tKjp

IpS-P-^e a[p-I-a-Zss\x k]-tSm-sse \nw_c-k-bpssx

ioX-ckx ]Iz-ctkm a[p-\nN a[p-I ha-\m\n

IpjvtT {Xnhr-Xm-Zo {Xn^-emN hntc-Nt\ ikvXmx

kuho-cXp tjmZI amtem-U\ amk-hmw ko[p\n

iwk-yt[m lcmWmw bYm-hn-tcIw {Ia--tjvSx

26

ico-c-n Duz-`m-K--fn Dmb IpjvT--fn lrZ-b-n tZmj--sf-smv Akz--X-bpsn On-n--Ww. AXn\v IS-I-m-e-b-cn, Cc-n-a-[p-cw, ae-m-c-, Imp-]-tSm-e-]vXcw Fnh Acp thn tXm Ijm-b-n Ien IpSn-p On-n--Ww. ioX-c-k-ntem ]Iz-c-k-ntem tX\pw Cc-n-a-[pchpw tNp On-n-p-hm-\p-]-tbm-Kn-m-hp--Xm-Wv (io-X-c-khpw ]Iz-c-khpw aZy-hn-ti-j-am-Ip-p.AXv kq{X-m\w 27mw Aym-b-n hnh-cn-n-p-v.) IpjvT-n\v hntc-Nn-n-p-hm {XntIm-ev]-Ip-, \mK-Z-n-th-cv, ISp-, Xm\n-, s\n Fnh {]tbm-Kn-p-Xv \-Xm-Ip-p. kuho-c-a-Zyw, Acn-m-Sn, Bkhw, ko[p-aZyw Fnh hntc-N\ {Zhyw Ie-n-sm-Sp-p-hm \-Xm-Ip-p. hntcN-\-n-\p-tijw km[m-c-W-hn-tc-N-\-n\v ]d--Xp-t]mse Xs t]bm-Zn-{I-a- ioen-n-pIbpw thWw.

Zmo-_r-l-Xo-tksshyx ]tSm-e-]nNp a-a-Z\ IrX-am-ex

kkvt\-ssl-cm-m]yx IpjvSo-k-I-enwK ^e-apkvssXx

hmtXm-ezWw hntcIw \ncq-V-a-\p--hm-k-\ml-a-ey

^e-a-ZpI \nw_-Ip-SssPx k]-tSmssex km[-tb kvt\lw.

27

ac-a-, sNdp-h-Zn-\n-th-cv, cma-w, Imp-]-tSm-ew, thntXm-ev, ae-m-c-, sIm-tmev FnhbpsS Ijm-b-n IS-I-m-e-b-cnbpw ap-bpw Acp tNp IpjvT-tcm-Knv hkvXn-sN--Ww. hmXm-[n-Iy-ap IpjvT-tcm-Kn-bm-sW-n hntc-N-\hpw Ijm-b-h-kvXpbpw sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw kvt\l-hkvXn sNp-hm Al-X-s--h-\m-sWv a\-n-em-bm ae-m-c-, Cc-n-a-[p-cw, thntXm-ev, I-S-I-m-e-b-cn, Imv]-tSmew Fn-h-sImv bYm-hn[n s\p-mn AXp-sImv kvt\l-hkvXn sN-Ww.

sskh-Zo a[pIw ^Wn-RvPIw k]n-eo Ic-RvP-^ew

\kyw-kym khn-UwKw Iran-IpjvTw I^{-]-tZm-j-Lv\w.

28

Cpv, \mK-Z-n-th-cv, Cc-n-a-[p-cw, Xpf-kn-bn-e, Xn-en, s]mn Ipcp, hngm-ecn F-hp-sImv \kyw sNbvXm Iran-Ip-jvTw, I^-tZmjw Fnh \in-pw.

sshtc-N-\n-ssI [qssax tmI mt\-cnssXx {]im-ayn

{Inbmx IpjvT-In-emkmx {]tbm-Pn-ssX-cp-amw Kmx

29

kq{X-m-\-n ]d intcm-hn-tc-N-\-amb [qa-]m-\-{]-tbm-K--sf-smv inc-n-ep Iran-Ifpw IpjvT Inem-k-fpw \in-p--Xm-Ip-p-.

nc-I-Tn\ aWvU-em\mw kznm\mw {]kvXc {]Wm-Un`ox

Iqss hnL-n-Xm\mw ctmttim ƒ ]t\-Xhyx

B\q-]-hm-cn-Pm\mw amwkm\mw t]mex kptJm-jvssW

kzntmkznw hnen-J IpjvTw XovtW\ ikvt{XW

cp[n-cm-K-am-a-Yhm irwKm-em-_q-`n-cm-l-tccp-[ncw

{]n-X-a]w IpjvTw hntc-Nm-bZv hmP-eu-Im-`nx.

30

nchpw ITn-\hpw a-em-Ir-Xn-bp--Xp-amb IpjvTs {]kvX-c-tkzZw sImtm \mUo-tkzZw sImtm hnbnp Iq ikv{Xw sImv Dc-kn-sm-np Zqjn-X-amb cs ]p-d-tv If-b-Ww. B\q]Po-hn-I-fp-sStbm Pe-Po-hn-I-fp-sStbm amwkw thhnp IngnsIn AXp-sImv kln-p-hm Ign-bp NqSn hnbn--Ww. \-hw hnbm cw hcp-hm-\mbn IpjvT-n XovW ikv{Xw sImv Aev]mev]w IodWw.AYhm sImp-shtm Npc-smv shtm cw hen-s-Spp If-bp-Itbm IpjvT-n Aev]w Iodn-bnv AhnsS Asb Ctm cw If-b-Ww.

***************************** 31---40() ********************************* *************

********************************

{Xn^-emXn hnjm-I-Sp-Imw-\nw_ Ienw-K-I-hNm ]tSm-em\mw

amK-[n-Im-c-P-\o-Zzb ]-Iqm hnim-em\w

`q\nw-_]emim\mw ZZym-zn-]ew XX-kv{Xn-hr-zn-KpWw

Xkym ]p\{_m-n-X-qw kp]vXn-\p]-cw.

kp]vXn-IpjvtT {Xn^-em-Zn-Nqw.

41

ISp-, Xm\n-, s\n-, AXn-hn-S-bw, ISp-tcm-ln-Wn, thntXm-ev, a, ac-a--tmev , ]Xp-ap-Iw, s]cp-p-dp---th-cv, Imp-sh-cn thcv, ]p-cn-p--th-cv, Na-X-tmev Ch kaw s]mSn--s]mSn 2  ]ew, {XntIm-ev]-Ip Nqw 4  ]ew, {_n-Nqw 8  ]ew Ch-sbmw IqSn Hnp tNp tkhn-m X-cnv \in-pw. AXm-bXv kp]vXn IpjvTw \in-p-hm hfsc \-Xm-Ip-p.

\h-\o-XI {]tbm-tKm-c-tk\ PmXymx kam-nIx ]cax

k]v-X-Zi IpjvT-Lm-Xo-am-nI [mXq aqt{XW

K-I-tbm-Km AYhm kph amn-I-tbm-Km-tZh

k-hym[n hn\m-i-\-a-Zym IpjvTo-c-k--\o-Kr-loXw

h{P-in-em-PXp klnXw klnXw hm tbmK-cm-tP\

k-hym[n lc-Wm aZym IpjvTo \nKrly\n-Xy-.

42

K-I-`kvaw ]n-I-n-e-bpsS kzc-kbpw tX\pw tNp tkhn-m 17--hn-[-n-ep IpjvThpw \in-pw.AXp-t]m-se-Xs kz-am-nI `kvaw tKmaq-{X-n tkhn-mepw 17--hn-[-n-ep- IpjvThpw \in-pw. (Im-I-W-IpjvTw Akm-y-am-b-Xp-sImmWv 17  hn[IpjvTw Fv ]d-bp-hm Imc-Ww. PmXym-kz-ckw  Bam-eIym kzc-k-h-am-sW-mWv N{X-]m-Wn-bpsS A`n-{]m-bw.) K-I-tbm-Kw-sImtm AYhm kz-am-n-I-tbmKw sImtm amcn-X-amb ck-`kvaw IpjvT-tcmKn tkhn-mXIpjvTw \in-pw.am{X-a Cu ck`kvaw k hym[nbpw \in-n-p--Xm-Ip-p.h{P-`kvaw (lo-c-I-`-kvaw) ipn-sNbvX I-Zhpw tNtm AYhm tbmK-cm-Pu-j-[-n tNtm IpjvT-tcmKn kZm tkhn--Ww. CXv IpjvT-tcm-K-\m-i-n\v am{X-a k-hn[ tcmK-\m-i-\m-ambpw tkhn-m-hp--Xm-Wv. tbmKcmP Huj-[-ns tbmKw Cu kwln-X-bn ]d-p-Im-Wp-n-.AjvSmw-K-kw-{K-l-n IpjvT-Nn-In--bn Hcp tbmKw ]d-p-Im-Wp-p-v.AXp-t]m-se-Xs ck-X-{-nepw Hcp tbmK-cmP tbmKw ]d-n-p-v.

JZnc kpc-`m-cp-kmcw {i]-bnXzm X{Z-tk\ tXmbmw

u{Z {]t-Imcyw ImtcytX hmjSv ]en-tIN

X{Xm-b-qm-\m-a-jvS-]ew {]n-t] XYm ƒ ap\n

{Xn^-e-ssete XzMva-cnNw ]{Xw I\-I--Ijmwiw

akym-WvUnIm a[p-kam Xamkw PmX-am-btk `mWvtU

a[zm-k-h-am-N-cXx IpjvT-In-emtk iaw-bm-Xx.

a[zm-k-hx.

43

Icn-m-en-m-X 8  ]ew, tZh-Xm-cw, 8  ]ew, 8  CS-gn sh-n Ijmbw shp 2  CS--gn-bm-n-sb-Spp Acnp AXn 2  CS-gn tX\pw 8  ]ew teml-`-kvahpw ISp-, Xm\n-, s\n-, Ge-cn Ce-hw-Kw, Ipcp-ap-f-Iv, ]n-e, \mK-qhv Ch apqv Ig-n-hoXw FSpp s]mSn s]mSnbpw 32  ]ew aon i-cbpw tNp tbmPn-n Hcp Ccp-ns ]m{X-n-emn hmbvs]mXn sIn Hcp amkw kqnp sh-Ww.Hcp amkw Ign-m-se-Sp--cnp tkhn-m Cu a[zm-khw IpjvT-tbpw Inem-k-tbpw ian-n-pw.

JZn-c-I-jm-b-t{ZmWw Ipwt`-LrX `mhntX kam-hn]y

{ZhymWn Nqn-Xm-\nN jSv]-en-Im-\y{X tZbm\n

{Xn^-em-thymj hnUwK cP-\o-ap-kvXm-S-cpj tI{-bhmx

kuhoN XYm-XzIv On--cp-lm-tNXn Xamkw

\nZ-[o\ [m\y-a-t[y-{]mXx {]mXx ]nt_ XtXm-bpym

amtk\ alm-IpjvTw lty-hmp ]tW

Aix izmk-`-i-c Imk-In-emk {]ta-l-timjm

\m`-hXn I\-I-h-hx ]oXzm-cnjvSw I\-I-_n-pw.

I\-I-_n-zm-cn-jvSw.

44

Icn-m-en-m-X-ens Ijmbw 16  CSgn FSpp Hcp s\v ab-nb ]m{X-n-emn AXn ISp, Xm\n-, s\n, Npv, apf-Iv, Xn-en, hngm-e-cn, a, ap-, BS-tem-SIw thcv, IS-I-m-e-b-cn, sIm-tmev Ch kaw s]mSn--s]mSn 6  ]ew tNp tbmPn--np hmbvs]mSn sIn s\n Ipgn-nv Hcp amkw Ign-m-se-Spp Acnp cmhnse cmhnse bpn-t]mse am{X-\n--bnp tkhn--Ww. Ans\ 1  amkw tkhn-m alm--Ip-jvThpw 15  Znhkw tkhn-m Aev]-Ip-jvThpw \in-pw.am{X-a Cu I\-I-_-z-cnjvSw tkhn-m Ai-v, izmk-tcm-Kw, `K--cw, Imk-tcm-Kw, Inem-k-IpjvTw (izn-{Xw) {]ta-lw, bw Fnh \in-p-Ibpw icocw kz-h-am-bn-o-cp-Ibpw sNpw.

IpjvtT-jz-\ne I^-Ir-tX-tjzhw t]b-kvX-Ym]n ]ntjp

IrX-am-e-Izm-Y-m-t]y-j-hn-ti-jm I^-Ir-tX-jp-.

45

hmX--]n---I-^-{]-[m-\-amb IpjvT--fn sIm-tmep Ijm-b-n ta]-d {]Imcw Xr^-emZn acp-p-I tNp Acn-jvS-ap-mn IpSn--Ww.Cu AcnjvSw I^-{]-[m-\-amb IpjvT-n\v hnti-jnpw \-Xm-Ip-p.

{Xn^-em-k-h KuUx kNn-{XIx IpjvO-tcmK hn\n-lm

{Iap-I-Z-i-aqe Zo-h-cmwK aZp-tbmK kwbpx

46

{Xn^e Ijm-b-n shhpw tX\pw tNp sImSp-th-cn-n-g-v, Nof-S-, Zi-aq-ew, \mK-Z-n-th-cv, Ce-hwKw Chbpw s]mSpp tNp Hcp s\v ab-nb ]m{X-n-emn shp Hcpamkw Ign-m-se-Sp--Ww.Cu {Xn^-em-khw IpjvT-tcm-Ks \in-n-p--Xm-Ip-p.

eLq\n Nmm\n lnXm\n hnZym

IpjvtTjp imIm\n NXn--Im\n

`m-XssIx k{Xn-^ssex k\nw-ss_ 

bpm\n Nmm\n LrXm-\n-ssNh

]pcmW [m\ym-\yY PmwK-em\n

amwkm\n apZvKm ]tSm-k-bpmx

ikvXm-\-Kp ]tbm-Z-[o\n

\m\q] aym\ KpUm-kvXn-em-\n.

47

Ip-jvT-tcm-Knv eLp-hmb Ahpw Ibv]vck-ap Ce--dn-Ifpw \-Xm-Ip-p.tNp-cp, {Xn^-e, thv, s\v Fnh tNp Aw, ]g-Inb [m\yw, PmwK-e-Po-hn-I-fpsS amwkw, sNdp-]-b-cv, Imv ]tSmew Fn-hbpw \--Xm-Ip-p. Kpcp-Xz-ap Aw, ]mev, ssXcv, B\q-]-amw-kw, ayw, shw, Fv Fnh A]-y-hp-am-Ip-p.

Gem-IpjvTw Zmo-iX ]pjv]m-Nn-{X-tIm-hn-Uw-K

IpjvTm-te-]-\-anjvSw ckm-RvP-\-m-`-bm-ssN-h.

48

Ge--cn, sImw, ac-a-, NXp-Ip-, sImSp-th-cn-n-g-v, hngm-e-cn, ckm-RvP-\w, ISp Fnh IpjvT-n\v Acp ]pc-p-hm \-Xm-Ip-p.

Nn{X-I-taemw _nw_ow hrjIw {Xnhr-Z \mK-cIw

Nqn-Ir-X-a-jvSmlw `mh-bn-Xhyw ]em-iky

mtc-W-Khmw aq{X-{kp-tX-\mky aWvU-em-\ymip

`nZyt hne-b-nN en]vXm-\ymm-`n-X-]vXm-\n.

49

sImSp-th-cn-n-g-v, Ge--cn, Im-sm-n-th-cv, BS-tem-SIw thcv, {XntIm-ev]-Ip-, Fcp-n thcv, Npv Ch kaw s]mSn tKmaq-{X-n Ien Acn-s-Spp AXn mins mcw Fv Znhkw `mh\ sNbvsX-Spp CXv IpjvT-a--e-n ]pcn shbn-e-n-cp--Ww.A{]-Imcw sNbvXm IpjvT-a-ew s]mp-Ibpw Ahn-sS-Xs ebnp aew Cm-Xm-hp-Ibpw sNpw.

amwko-a-cnNw ehWw cP-\o-X-Icw kp[m Krlm-qax

aq{Xw-tKm-]n- mcx ]emfx IpjvT-lm-te]x

50

PSm-am-n, Ipcp-ap-f-Iv, Cp-v, a, XI-cw, In-C-e, C---cn, tKmaq-{Xw, tKmtcm-N-\w, ]em-i-mcw Ch kaw ip-P-e-n-e-cp ]pc-n-bm IpjvTw \in-pw.

{X]p-ko-k-a-b-qw a-e-\p^Kp Nn{X-Iu-_r-lXo

tKm[m-ckx ke-h-Wt\m ZmcpN aq{X a-e-\p.

51

Imco`-kvaw, sho--`-kvaw, teml`-kvaw Fnh ae-Ip-jvT-n-en-m a-e-IpjvTw \in-pw. Im-n-th-cv, sImSp-th-cn-n-g-v, sNdp-h-Zn\n thcv, DSp-n amwk-c-kw, Cp-v, tZh-Xmcw Ch tKmaq-{X-n-e-cnp ]pc-n-bmepw a-IpjvTw \in-pw.

IZ-fo-]-em-i-]m-S-eo\n ]pf-m-cmw-`km {]k-t\

amwtkjp tXmb-Imcyw Imcyw ]njvtSN ntN

ssXtam-ZIx kpPmXx InssWzP-\nXx {]te-]-\w-t{ijvTw

ae IpjvT-hn-\m-i-\-am-X] kww {Inan-Lv\-.

52

IZ-fn-hm-g--S, Na-X-tm-ev, ]mXn-c-tm-ev, Bv hn-tmev Fnh Inp mc-sa-Spp ip-P-e-n Ien AXns sXfn--shw FSpp AXn PmwK-e-amwkw ]mIw-sNbvX ck-sa-Sp--Ww.mc-P-e-n Xs sNs-cn Ac-s-Spp amwk-c-khpw Iqn tbmPn-np tamZ-I-cq-]-amn sh-Ww. AXns ASn-bn Dudnb Dud IpjvT-n ]pc-p-hm D-a-am-Ip-p.BInWzw ]pcn shbn-e-n-cp-m a-e-Ip-jvThpw IpjvT-n-ep Iranbpw \in-pw.

apkvXw {Xn^em aZ\w IcRvP Bc-Kz[w Ienw-K-bhmx

Zmo-k-k-]vX-hm kv\m\w knmIw \ma

Gj-I-im-tbm-h-a\w hntc-N\w h-I-kvX-tYm-ZvLjx

XzKvtZmj timY IpjvT {]_m-[\x ]mp tcmK-Lv\x.

53

ap-, ISp-, Xm\n-, ae-m-c-, s]mntXm-ev, sIm-tm-ev, IS-I-m-e--b-cn, ac-a--tm-ev, Ggn-e-m-e-tmev Fnh Ijmbw shp IpjvT-tcm-Knsb Ipfn-n--Ww.CXn\v knm kv\m\w Fv ]d-bp-p.Cu I-jmbw Xs IpjvT-tcm-Knv On-n-p-hm\pw hntc-Nn-n-p-hm\pw D]-tbm-Kn-m-hp--Xm-Ip-p.Ch s]mSnp ta Xncp-n-bm h-{]-km-Zw-apmIpw.N-n-ep- IpjvThpw hohpw ]mp-tcm-Khpw \in-pw.

IpjvTw IcRvP _oPm-t\y-U-IPx IpjvS-kp-Z-t\m-te]x

{]]p-mU _oP-ssk--hr-c-km-RvP\ I]n tem{m

Ic-ho-c-aq-e-hm-Ip-S-P-I-c-RvPm ^ew XztNm-Zmymx

kpa\x ]zmf-bptm te]x IpjvTm-]lx knx.

54

sIm, s]mnIp-cp, Xh-c-pcp Ch Ac-p-]p-c-n-bm IpjvTw \in-pw.Xh-c-p-cp, Cp-v, ckm-RvP-\w, hnfma-c-m-b, ]mtm-n-tmev Ch Ac-p-]p-c-n-bmepw IpjvTw \in-pw.Ic-ho-c-ns thcn-t tXmev, IS-I-m-e-b-cn, s]mnIp-cp, ac-a--tm-ev, ]n-I--fncv Ch Acp ]pc-p-Xpw IpjvTw \in-p-hm Ghpw \-Xm-Ip-p.

tem{ky [mX-Io\mx hk-I-_o-P-ky-\--am-eky

I--am-e-Xo\mw IpjvtT-jp-Zz-\m-te-]u.

55

]mtm-n-tm-ev, XmXn-cn-q-hv, IS-I-m-e-b-]n, s]mnIp-cp, ]n-I-qhv Ch Acp IpjvT-n ]pc-p-hm\pw IpjvT-n-enp Xncp-p-hm\pw \-Xm-Ip-p.

ssicojo XzIv]pjv]w Immkym cmP-hr ]{XmWn

]njvSzmN ImI-amNn NXphn[x IpjvS-\p-t-].

56

s\t\n hmI-tm-ev, ]cp-n-q-hv, sIm-C-e, Icp--mfn Ch {]tXyIw {]tXyIw Acp ]pc-p-Xv IpjvT-\m-i-I-amb \mev hn[ te]-\-am-Ip-p.

Zmym ckm-RvP-\ky N \nw_ ]tSm-eky JZn-c-km-cky

Bc-Kz-[-hr--I-tbm-k-{Xn-^-embmx k]vX-]ky

CXnjSv Ijm-b-tbmKmx IpjvTev\mx k]vXa Xn\n-iky

kv\mt\-]mt\ N lnXm-kvX-Ym-jvS-am-m-iz-am-cky

Bte-]\w {]Lj-W-ah Nq-\-taX GhN Ijmbmx

Xne-Lr-X-]m-I-tbmtK tNjyt IpjvT-im-yw.

57

1ac-a-, ckm-RvP-\w, 2  thn tXmev, Imp-]-tSm-ew, 3  Icn-m-en-m-X, 4-sIm--tm-ev, IS-I-m-e-thtXm-ev, 5-I-Sp-, Xm\n-, s\n-, 6-G-gn-e-m-e-tm-ev, 7-sXm-Sp-Im-c-th-cv, 8-I-c-ho-c-thcv Ch Fpw IpjvT-\m-i-I-amb Ijm-b-tbm-K--fm-Ip-p. Cu Ijm-b--tbm-K- Ipfn-p-hm-\apw IpSp-p-hm\pw \-Xm-Ip-p.Cu Ijmb tbmK- IpjvT-i-a-\-n-\mbn Acn-p-]p-c-p-hm\pw ta Xncp-p-hm\pw s]mSn-bmn hnX-dp-hm\pw ssXew Imp-hm\pw s\p-m-p-hm\pw \-Xm-Ip-p.

{Xn^-em-\nw-_-]-tSmew aRvPn-jvSm-tcm-lnWo hNm-c-P\o

Gj-I-jmtbm ƒ `ykvtXm-\n-ln I^-]n-Pw IpjvTw

GssX-tc-h-N-knx knw-hm-tXm-ezWw Pb-Xn-IpjvTw

Gj-N-It]m-ZrjvSx JZn-cm-k\ Zmcp-\nw-_m-\mw.

58

ISp, Xm\n-, s\n-, thntXm-ev, Imp-]-tSm-ew, ]qh-w, ISp-tcm-ln-Wn, hb-v, a Ch Ijm-b-amn tkhn-m I^--]n--P-\y-amb IpjvTw \in-p--Xm-Ip-p.Cu Ijmb acp-p-I Ijm-bhpw Iev-hp-amn s\p-mn tkhn-m hmX {][m-\-amb IpjvTw \in-pw.CXp-t]mse Xs Icn-m-en-m-X, tZhXmcw, thn tXmev Fn-hbpw D]-tbm-Kn-p-Xv IpjvT-\m-i-I-am-Ip-p.

IpjvTm-Xp ISv]e aqe-I-_o-Pm\n ISp-tcm-lnWo ISpIm

IpSP Ptem]e apkvXw _r^-Xo-I-c-hoc Imkn-kw.

GU-P-\ow-_-]mTm Zpcm-e`m Nn{XtIm hnUw-K

Xnt-zm-I-_oPw In-I kj]w hNm-Zmo

GssX-kvssXew knw IpjvLv\w tbmK Gj-Nm-te]x

DZz\w {]Lj-W-ah Nq\ taj-G-th-tj-IpjvTx

59

sImw, Fcp-n thcv, Xpw, Iap-Znth-cv, ap-n-p-cp, ISp-tcm-ln-Wn, IS-I-m-e-b-cn, Ccp-th-cn, \oe-m-ac, ap-, sNdp-h-Zn-\n-th-cv, Ic-ho-c-th-cv, ssap-w, Xh-c-p-c, thntXm-ev, ]mS-n-g-v, sImSn-q-h-th-cv, sImSp-th-cn-n-g-v, hngm-e-cn, Ibv]-p-c--p-cp, In-m-e-th-cv, ISp-Iv, hb-v, ac-a--tm-ev Ch Iev-amn ISp-sI--Imn ]pc-n-bm IpjvT--\m-i-I-am-Ip-p.Cu tbmKw Acp ]pc-p-hm\pw s]mSnp ta tXp-hm\pw IpjvT-n hnX-dp-hm\pw \-Xm-Ip-p.

tizX-I-c-hoc Ictkm tKmaq{Xw Nn{XtIm hnUw-K

IpjvtSjp ssXe-tbmKx kntmƒ bw kttXm `nj-Pmw.

tizX-I-c-ho-cmZyw ssXew.

60

sImSp-th-cn-n-gpw hngm-e-cnbpw Iev-amn Iev-ns \men-cn ISp-sI-bpw ISp-sI--bpsS cn-cn shfp Ic-ho-c-ns kzc-khpw A{X-Xs tKmaq-{Xhpw tNp ]mIw sNbvsX-Sp--Ww. Cu ssXew IpjvT-n te]\w sNp-hm F{Xbpw \-Xm-sWv sshZy k-X-am-Ip-p.

tizX-I-c-hoc ]-h-aq-e-XzKv hktIm hnUw-K

IpjvTm aqe-kj] in{Kp-XzKv tcmlnWo ISpIm

GssX-kvssXew knw Issx ]mZmw-in-ssI Khmw-aq{Xw

ZXzm-ssXe NXpKpW a`ymw-Km IpjvT Iq-e-Lv\w.

61

shfp Ic-ho-c-ns Xfn-cv, thcnv tXmev, IS-I-m-e-b-cn, hngm-e-cn, sImw, Fcp-n thcv, ISp-Iv, apcn-m-tm-ev, ISp-tcm-lnWo Ch Iev-amn Iev-ns \men-cn ISp-sI-bpw F-bpsS \men-cn tKmaq-{Xhpw tNp ]mIw sNbvsX-Sp--Ww. Cu ssXew ]pc-n-bm IpjvThpw sNmdn-nepw \in-p--Xm-Ip-p.

Xntm-jzmIzm _oPw tZzXpt tcmN\m lcn-t{ZtZz

_rwl-Xo-^e tacx khn-ime n{X-tIm-aqhm

Imko-k-lnw-Kp-in{Kp {XyqjW kpc-Zm-cpXpw _pcp-hn-UwKw

emwK-eIw IpS-P-XzIv ISp-ImJy tcmln-Wo-ssNh

kj-]-ssXew Iss-tcm-ssX aq{X NXpKp-tW-kmyw

Iq-IpjvT hn\m-i\ a`yw-KmZv hmX-I-^-l-r.

62

Ibv]-p-c-p-hn-v, ]mXp-w, ssap-w, tKmc-N-\w, a, ac-a--tm-ev, sNdp-h-Zn-\n-m-b, Bh-W-nth-cv, Imp-sh-cn thcv, sImSp-th-cn-n-gv s]cp-p-dp--th-cv, Imco-bw, Imbw, apcn-m-tm-ev, Npv, apf-Iv, Xn-en, tZh-Xm-cw,- sIm--m-ecn, hngm-e-cn, tatm-n-n-g-v, IS-I-m-e-thtm-ev, ISp-tcm-lnWnCh Iev-amn Iev-ns \men-cn ISp-sI-bpw F-bpsS \men--cn tKmaq-{Xhpw tNp ]mIw sNbvsX-Sp--Ww.Cu ssXew tXm sNmdn-nepw IpjvThpw \in-p-Ibpw hmX-tbpw I^-tbpw \in-n-p-Ibpw hmX-tbpw I^-tbpw \in-n-p-Ibpw sNpw.

I\I oco-ssiem `mMo-_ymx ^em-\n-aq-e

PmXo-{]-hmf kj-]-e-ip\ hnUwKw Ic-RvP-XzIv

k]--O-Zm ]h aqe-XzIv Nn{X-Im-kvt^mXmx

KpRvssP-cw _rl-Xo-aq-e-I-kp-c-kmPvI-^em\n

IpjvTw ]mT-apkvXw Xpw_-cp-aqm-hNmx jUv{Kmx

GU-K-P-Ip-SP in{Kp-{XyqjvW `m-XI hImx

lcn-Xm-e-a-hm-Iv]p-jv]o-Xpw In-tIm ƒ arXm-kwKx

kucm-jv{So-Im-kokw Zmo-XzIv kn-Im-e-hWw

Iss-tc-ssX-kvssXew Ic-ho-c-I-aqe ]-h-I-jmtb

kj-]-a-Y-hm-ssX-ewtKm aq{X-N-XpKpWw kmyw

ISp-Im-em_zmw m]yw Xknw tX\ a-em-\ymip

`nymZv `nj-K-`yw-Km {Inao Iq hn\n-lym.

I\-I-o-cn-ssX-ew.

63

NXp-c--n, a\-n-e, sNdp-tX-nthcv, \mK-Z-n-^-ew, \mK-Z-n-th-cv, ]n-I--fn-cv, ISp-Iv, shp-n, hngm-e-cn, s]mntXm-ev, Ggn-ew-]m-e-bpsS Xfncpw thcn-ttXmepw, Fcp-n Xfncpw thcn-ttXmepw sImSp-th-cn-n-g-v, \m-dn-n-g-v, Ipn-p-cp, Bh-W-nIp-cn, hZn-\n-, ap-n-p-cp, Xpfkn Acn, Idp Xpfkn Acn, sImw, ]mS-n-g-v, sIm-m-e-cn, s]cp-p-dp--th-cv, hb-v, NpI--h-b-v, Xh-c-p-cp, IS-I-m-e-b-cn, apcn-m-tm-ev, Npv, apf-Iv, Xn-en, tNp-cp, Xp-th-cv, AXn-Xm-cw, NXp-Ip-, ssap-w, In-m-e-th-cv, ]mp-w, kucmj-jv{S-a-v, Imco-w, ac-a--tm-ev, Xphn-e-mcw Ch Iev-amn Iev-ns \men-cn ISp-sI-bpw F-bpsS \men-cn Ic-ho-c-ns thcpw Xfncpw IqSn-sh Ijm-bhpw tNp ssXew ]mIw sNbvsX-Sp--Ww. AYhm Cu ]d acp-p-I Iev-amn Iev-ns \men-cn tKmaq-{Xhpw tNp ssXew ]mIw sNbvsX-Sp-p-Ibpw sNmw Cu ssXew Ibv]-p-c-sm-n-emn sh-Ww. Cu ssXew sImp te]\w sImv sshZy a-e-Ip-jvTs W-n t`Zn--Ww. Cu ssXew IpjvT-n-ep Iran-tbbpw sNmdn-n-en-t\bpw \in-n-p--Xm-Ip-p.

IpjvTw Xam-e-]{Xw acnNw ka\x inem-k-Im-kokw

ssXte\ bp-ap-NnXw k]vXmlw `mht\ Xmt{a

tX\m-en]vXw kn[va k]vXm-lm L-tk-hn-t\m-thyXn

amkm-hw Inemkw kv\m\w apzm hnip--Xt\mx

kn[va-te-]x.

64

sImw, ]n-e, Ipcp-ap-f-Iv, a\-n-e, Imcow Ch kaw s]mSnp ISp-sI--bn tNp Hcp sNp-]m-{X-n-emn Ggv Znhkw shbn-ep shs-Sp--Ww. Cu ssXew ]pc-n-bm Ggv ZnhkwsImv kn[va-IpjvTw \in-pw. Cu ssXew ]pcn shbn-e-n-cn-t--Xm-Ip-p. Cu ssXew Hcpamkw ]pc-n-bm ]nXnb Inemk IpjvTw \inpw. Cu ssXew ]pc-p-tm Ipfn--cpXv. ssXew ]pc-p-hm XpS-p--Xn\v apmbn ha\hntc-N\w sNbvX icocipn hcp-p-Ibpw thWw.

kj-]-I-c-RvP-tIm-im-X-Io\mw ssXem-\ym-tYw-Kp-Zo-\m

Ip-jvtTjp lnXm-\ym-lp-kvssX-ew-b-m]n JZn-c-ky.

65

ISp-sI-, Ds-, ]pc-]o-c-p-cp-hn \ns-Sp-p F, HmS-m-b-bn \ns-Sp-p F, Icn-m-en-m-X-en \ns-Sp-p F CuF-I Fm-hn[ IpjvT-n\pw \-Xm-sWv aljn-am ]d-bp-p. Icn-m-en-m-X kv^pS-]mIw sNbvXp F FSp-m-hp--Xm-Ip-p.

Poh-o-a-RvPnjvTm Zmo In-Iw ]b-kvXpeyw

GjvLr-X-ssX-e-]mIm knx kntN k-c-tkm-tZbx

ka-[p-njvtSm hn]m-Zn-Im-tX\N imay-Xo-Xypw

NssI IpjvTw InSn`w IpjvTw iymaym-Xy-e-k-I-.

hn]m-Zn-Im-lc Lr-X-ssX-te.

66

AS-]-Xn-b Ing-v, ]qh-w, ac-a--tm-ev, In-m-e-thcv Ch Iev-amn Chbvp kaw ]ip-hn ]mepw Iev-n-s \men-cn ISp-sI-bpw ]ip-hn s\pw IqSn tNp ]mIw sN-Ww. ]mI-am-bm Acn-p-tm ]m{X-]m-I-ambn ssXe-Lr-X-ns \men-sem-cp- `mKw sN-eyhpw sagpIpw IqSn-tN-Ww.Cu ssXew ]pc-n-bm hn]m-ZnI IpjvTw ian-p-sav ]d-bp-p. am{X-a N-Ip-jvTw, GI-Ip-jvTw, InSn-`-Ip-jvTw Fn-hbpw ian-p--Xm-Ip-p.

nw hcm-l-cp-[ncw ]rYzoIw ssk-h te]-kym

tet]m-tbmPyx IpkvXpw-_p-cqWn IpjvT- a-e-\p.

CXn-a-e IpjvT-te-]u.

67

]n-bpsS c-n Nnt-ehpw Cppw IqSn Acp ]pc-n-bm a-e-IpjvTw ian-pw.sIm-m-e-b-cnbpw sImhpw IqSn Acp ]pc-n-bmepw a-e-IpjvTw ian-p--Xm-Ip-p.

]qXn-I-Zm-cp-P-Snemx ]Iz-kp-cm-u-{Z-apZvK ]yuN

t]ex kIm-I-\mku a-e-Ip-jvTm-]lx knx

a-te-te]x

68

BhntXm-ev, tZh-Xm-cw, PSm-a-n, hmn-sb-Sp kpcm-a-Zyw, tX, Imp-]-b-dn Ing-v, Im-sm-n-thcv Ch Acp ]pc-nbm a-e-IpjvTw ian-p--Xm-Ip-p.

Nn{X-I-tim-`m-RvP-\Iu KpUq-Ny-]m-am tZh-Zm-cpWn

JZn-tcm-[-h--te]x iymam-Zn {Zh-o-].

emm-c-km-RvP-ss\em ]p\-hm-tXn IpjvTn-\mw-te]mx

S[n-a--bpXmx kt-tZbmx jSvam-cp-X-I-^-Lv\mx.

jSvte]mx

69

1-sIm-Sp-th-cn-n-g-v, apcn-m-tm-ev, 2-Nn--arXv, IS-em-Sn, tZh-Xmcw, 3-I-cn-m-en, Ra, 4-\-mdn sNdnb \mK-Z-n, hen-b \mK-Z-n, 5-tIm-e-c-v, ckm-RvP-\w, Ge--cn, 6-sX-gp-Xm-a-thcv, Cu Bdv tbmK-fpw ssXcns sh-n-e-cp ]pc-n-bm hmXr-I-^-P-\y-amb IpjvTw \in-pw.

GU-KP IpjvT-ssk-h kuho-cI kjss]x {Inan-Lvss\

Iran-Ip-jvT-a--emJyw Z{Zp-Ip-jvT-\m-i-b-Xn.

70

Xh-c-p-cp, sImw, Cp-v, kuho-c-a-Zy-n Acp ]pc-n-bm Iran, ae IpjvTw Z{Zp-IpjvTw Fnh \in-p--Xm-Ip-p.

GU-KPx k-ctkm aqe-I-_o-P kn[va-Ip-jvTm\mw

Imn-I-bp-p ]rYMv aXanZap-Zz\w {Ia-ix.

71

Xh-p-cp, sN-eyw, ap-n-pcp Fnh Hmtcmpw ImSn-sh--n-e-cp {Ia-n Xncp-p-Xv kn[va IpjvT-\m-i-I-am-Ip-p.

hmim-{Xn-^-em-]mt\ kv\mt\ tNma\ {]tZ-tlN

_rl-tXmw-khy ]tSmtem kim-cn_m tcmln-Wo-ssNh

JZn-cm-a-LmX IIp-`-tcm-Ko-X-I-tem{ IpSPZ-h-\nw_mx

k]vX-O-Z-I-c-hocmx ikyt kv\m\-]m-t\-jp.

72

BS-tem-SIw thcv, Xm\n-, s\n Fnh Ijmbw shp Ipfn-p-Xpw IpSn-p-Xpw IpjvT-n\v \-Xm-Ip-p. Ch Acp ]pc-p-Xpw s]mSn s]mSn-bnp Xncp-p-Xpw \-Xm-Ip-p.sNdp-h-Zn-\n-th-cv, cma-w, Imp-]-tSm-ew, \m-dn-n-g-v, ISp-tcm-ln-Wn, Icn-m-en, sIm--tm-ev, \oa-cp-Xn tXmev., sN-c-n tXmev, ]mtm-n-tm-ev, IS-m-e-thtm-ev, Ra-tm-ev, thntXmev, Ggn-e-m-e-tm-ev, Ic-ho-c- tXmev Ch Ijmbw shp IpjvT-tcm-Knv IpSn-m\pw Ipfn-m\pw \-Xm-Ip-p.

Ze-hm]y teml--tI-ic ]{X--h-Nm arWm-fm\n

`mtKm--cm-Wn-knw {]te]w ]n-I^ IpjvtT.

73

Ccp-th-cn,-sIm-w, AIn, \mK-q-hv, ]n-e, Ibn-ap--, N-n-g-v, cmaw Fnh {Ia-n Hmtcm-`mKw hn-n-s-Spp ip-P-k-n-e-cp ]n-I-^-P-\y-amb IpjvT-n ]pc-p-hm-\p-]-tbm--Kn--Ww.

bjvSym-lz-tem-{-]-I ]tSm-e-]n-Np-aZ N-\-c-km

kv\mt\-]m-t\-N-lnXmx kpio-Xfmx ]n-Ip-jvTn`yx

74

Cc-n-a-[p-cw, ]mtm-n-tm-ev, ]Xp-ap-Iw, Imp-]-tSm-ew, thntXm-ev, N\w Fnh Ijmbw shp XWn-m ]n-Ip-jvT-tcm-Knv Ipfn-p-hm\pw IpSn-p-hm\pw \-Xm-Ip-p.

Bte-]\w {]nbw-Kpl-tc-WpIm hXvI-kyN ^em\n

kmXn-hn-jmN ktk-hym-k-N-\m tcmlnWn ISp-Im.

75

Rmhq-hv, AtcWpIw, IS-I-m-e-bcn AXn-hn-S-bw, cma-w, N-\w, ISp-tcm-lnWn Ch Acp ]n-IpjvT tcmKnv ]pc-p-Xv \-Xm-Ip-p.

Xn-Lr-ssX [uX-Lr-ssX-c-`yw-tKm-Zly am\-Ip-jvtTjp

ssXsse--\ a[pI {]]u--co-tIm]e bpssX-.

76

Npp-\o-d-ep--Xmb IpjvT-n\v Xn-I-Lr-Xtam \mev]m-ac shtbm ]pc--Ww.N\w, Cc-n-a-[p-cw, ]p-co-I--cn-v, \oe-m-ac Fnh Iev-amn Imnb ssXew ]pc-p-Xpw \-Xm-Ip-p.

tZ{]-]-XXn NmwtK-Zmtl hnkvt^m-S-tI-k-N-Zte

ioXmx {]tZ-l-tkIm hymt[m-hn-tc-tIm-LrXw Xnw

J-Zn-c-LrXw \nw_-LrXw Zmo-LrX apaw ]tSm-e-LrXw

IpjvtTjp c-]n {]_-tejp `nj-KvPnIw knw.

77

\pe-hv, AwK-v saen-hv, Npp-\o-d, s]mnf Fn-h-I-tfmSp IqSnb N-Zf IpjvT-n ioX-ho-cy-ap Huj-[--f-cp ]pc-p-Ibpw ioX-ho-cy-ap Huj-[- Ijmbw shp [mc sNp-Ibpw kncm-th[w sNp-Ibpw hntc-Nn-n-p-Ibpw Xn-I-LrXw tkhn-n-p-Ibpw sN-Ww. c-]nw hn--Xmb IpjvT-n JZn-c-LrXw, \nw_-Lr-Xw, Zmo-LrXw ]tSm-e-LrXw Fn-h-I-sf-smv sshZy AXns\ Pbn--Ww.

{Xn^-em-XztNm ƒ ]-enImx ]tSm--e-]-{X ImjnImx tijmx

ISp-tcm-lnWn k\nw_m bjvSym-lzm-{Xmb amWmN

Gj-I-jmbx kmtym ZXzm-Zzn-]ew akq-c-hn-Z-em\mw

ken-em-Vt\ ƒ jvS`m-tK-titj ]qtXm-c-tkm-{Kmlymx

X{X-I-jmtb ƒ jvS]-te-NXpx ]ew-kn-j ]hyw

bmhkym-Z-jvS-]ew tijw-t]bw XXx tImjvWw

XZv hmX ]n-IpjvTw hnkw hmX-tim-WnXw {]_ew

Pz-c-Zm-l-Kpa hn{Z[n hn{`a hnkv-t^m--SIw l\ym.

78

ISp-, Xm\n-, s\n Ch Ipcp-I-fp aqpw IqSn H-c--ew, Imp-tSm-e-n Ce Ac--ew, ISp-tcm-ln-Wn, thntXm-ev, Cc-n-a-[p-cw, {_n, Ch aqv aqv Ig-n, XrtIm-ev]-Ip cv ]ew Ch-sbmw IqSn \men-S-gn sh-n Ijmbw shp Ipdpn F-n-sem-m-n-sb-Spp XpWn-sIn Acn-s-Sp--Ww. B Fv ]ew Ijm-b-n \m ]ew ]ip-hns\v tNp hopw ]mIw sNbvXp Fv ]e-am-bm-se-Spp Cfw NqtSm-Sp-IqSn IpSn--Ww. AXv hmX-]n--Ip-jvTw, hnkw, hn hmX-tim-Wn-Xw, Pzcw, Npp-\o-d, Kp, hn{Z-[n, at\m-hn-{`-aw, s]mnf Fnh-Isf \in-n-pw. (CXv Zn\w-{]Xn tkhn--Ww. ChnsS F-]ew am{X-]-d-n-p-s-nepw sshZys bpn-t]mse am{X \n-bn-m-hp--Xm-Wv.)

\nw_-]-tSmew Zmow Zpcm-e`mw Xn-tcm-lnWow {Xn^emw

Ipcym-Z-]-emwiw ]-SIw {Xmb amWm

ken-em-VI knm\mw ctk ƒ jvS`m-tK-ntX nt]]qtX

N-\-In-cmX XnI amK-[nIm {Xmb-am-Wm

apkvXw hk-I-_oPw Io-Ir-Xym Imjn-Im `mKm

\h-kn-j jSv]-e-ta-X XnIw LrXw-t]bw

IpjvTPzc Kpamtim {Kl-Wo-]m-WvUzm-ab izb-Yp-lmcn

]mam-hn-k-]n-UIm IWvU-_-a-Z-K-WvU-\p knw.

Xn-j-Sv]-e-Iw-Lr-Xw.

79

thntXm-ev, Imp-]-tSm-ew, ac-a--tm-ev, sIm-Sn-q-h-th-cv, ISp-tcm-ln-Wn, ISp-, Xm\n-, s\n-, ]-S-Iw, {_n Ch Hmtcmpw Atc-c-ew FSpp \men-S-gn sh-n Ijmbw shp Fn-sem-m-bm-e-cn-s-Spp AXn N-\w, ]p-cn-p--th-cv, Xn-en, {_n, ap-, IS-I-m-e-bcn Ch H-c--g-p-hoXw Acp Ievw tNp ]pXnb ]ip-hns\v 6]ehpw tNp ]mIw sNbvsX-Sp--Ww.Cu XnIw s\v bpn-t]mse am{X-\n--bnp tkhn-m IpjvTw, Pzcw, Kp, Ai-v, {Kl-Wn, ]mWvUp-tcm-Kw, how, ]ma, hnkw, ]nU-Im, sNmdn-n, at\m-hn-{`-aw, KWvU-ame Fnh \in-p--Xm-Ip-p.

k]vX-OZw {]Xn-hnjmw iaymIw Xn-tcm-lnWnw ]mTw

apkvX-ap-iocw {Xn^emw ]tSm-e-]nNp a-]-SIw

[\z-b-hmjw N-\-ap-]-Ipemw ]Iw l-]n-t{ZtZz

jUv{Kmw khn-imeymw iXm-hcow imcn-t_-tNmt`

hk-I-_o-Pw-hmimw aqm-a-arXmw IncmX Xn

I--Xp-`mtKm Pe-a-jvS-KpWw ctkm ƒ arX-]-em-\cm

ZznKp-tWm-Lr-Xm {]tZ-b-kvX knw-]m-b-tbknx

IpjvTm\n c {]_-em-\y imwkn c-_m-lo\n

hnk c-]nw hmXm-kr-Iv]m-WvUp-tcm-K

hnkvt^m-S-Im k]m-am-\pamZw Imaemw Pzcw-Ipw

lrt{ZmK Kpa-]n-PIm Akr-KvZcw KWvU-a-WvU-am-em

l\ym-tZ-Xknx ]oXw-Imte bYm-_-ew-kZyx

tbmK-i-ssX-c]y PnXm alm-]n-Im-cm alm-Xnw

tZmtj-lrtX ƒ ]\ntX ct-_m-lym-tc IrtX-h-at\

kvt\tl-Imte bpt\ IpjvT-a-Xn-htX kmyw

alm-Xn--I-Lr-Xw

80

Ggn-e-m-e-tm-ev, AXn-hn-S-bw, sIm-tm-ev, ISp-tcm-ln-Wn, ]mS-n-g-v, cma-w, I-Sp-, Xm\n-, s\n-, Imp-]-tSm-ew, thntXm-ev, ]-Sw, sImSn-q-h-th-cv, N-\w, Xn-en, ]Xp-ap-Iw, a, ana--tm-ev, hb-v, Imp-sh--cn-th-cv, iXm-h-cn-n-g-v, \m-dn-n-g-v, henb \m-dn-n-g-v, IpS-I-m-e-b-cn, BStemSIw-th-cv, t]cp-p-dp--th-cv, Nnd-d-ar-Xv, ]p-cn-p--th-cv, Cc-n-a-[p-cw, {_n Ch Iev-amn eev-ns \men-cn s\pw s\ns Fn-cn ip-P-ehpw s\ns cn-cn s\n-m-kz-c-khpw tNp kvt\l-]m-I-hn-[n-{]-Imcw ]mIw sNbvsX-Spp tkhn--Ww. am{X-tZm-j-_-e-npw A\p-k-cnv \n-bn--Ww. Cu alm-Xn-Xw tkhn-mc-]n-w, c-hm-Xw, ]mWvUp-tcm-Kw, s]mn-f, ]ma, Dm-Zw, Iman-e, ]\n, sNmdn-n, lrt{Zm-Kw, Kp, Ipcp, cw-t]m-v, KWvU-ame Fn-hbpw addv \qdvI-W-n\v tbmK--tf-smv t]mIm tcmK-fpw s]s-p-X-s ian-p--Xm-Ip-p. CXv tkmhn-p--Xnv apmbn ha-\--hn-tc-N-\mZn sNbvXp tZmj-sf ]pd-tv Ifpw ctamWw sNbvXpw s\v tkhn-t-p Imepw tkhn-p--Xm-bm Huj-[--tf-smv kmy-am-Ip IpIp-jvT--sfmw Xs ian-p--Xm-bn-cn-pw.

JZn-c-ky-Xpemx ]-inw-]m-k-\-tbm-kvXpte

Xpemmx k GsshtX Ic-RvPm-cn-jS thXkmx

]Sx IpS-P-ss-h-hrjx Iran-l-c-kvXYm

lcnt{Z IrX-am-e KpUqNo {Xn^em {Xhr

k]vX-] kwp-m-Zi t{ZmtWjp hmcnWx

A-`m-Km--h-in-jvSp Ijm-b-a-h-Xm-c-tb

[m{Xo-c-k Xpeymwiw kn-j-m-VIw ]tN

alm-Xn-I IsskvXp btYm-ssx-]-e-k-nssXx

\nl-n-k IpjvTm\n ]m\m-`ywK \ntj-h-Wm

alm-J-Znc antXy-X ]cw-Ip-jvT-hn-Im-c-\p.

81

Icn-m-en, 500--]-ew, Ccpm-X 100--]-ew, th-m-X, 100--]-ew, DtXm-ev, thntXm-ev, Bd-dz-n-tm-ev, ]-Sw, IS-I-m-e, thtm-ev, BS-tem-S-Iw-th-cv, hngm-e-cn, a, ac-a--tm-ev, sIm-tm-ev, Nnd-d-ar-Xv, ISp-, Xn\n-, s\n-, {XntIm-ev]-\p-, Ggn-e-m-e-tmev Ch Hmtcmpw 50--]-ew-hoXw FSpp Fmw-IqSnCSpp 320--C-S-gn sh-n Ijmbw shp Ipdpn 40--C-S--gn-bmn hmn-shp Acn-s-Spp AXn 8-C-S-gn s\pw 8-C-S-gn s\n-m-kz-c-khpw alm-Xn--I-nv ]d Iev-a-cp-p-I Hmtcm-]ew hoXw FSp--cp Ievhpw tNp kvt\l-]m-I-hn-[n-{]-Imcw ]mIw-sN-bvsX-Spp tkhn-p-Ibpw ta tXp-Ibpw sNbvXm k-hn[ IpjvT-tbpw \in-n-p--Xm-Ip-p.Cu alm-J-Znc LrXw IpjvTs \in-n-p--Xm-Ip-p.

{]X-X kp eknIm {]kp-tXjp Kmt{X jpPp-P-Lvt\jp

aq{Xw-\nw_ hnUwtK kv\m\w ]m\w {]tZ-lm

82

IpjvTtcm-Kn-bpsS ico-c-n Iran Xnp-Ibpw AwK- sImgn-p-t]m-hp-Ibpw eknI {khn-p-Ibpw sNp--Xn Ipfn-p-hm\pw IpSn-p-hm\pw te]-\-npw tKmaq-{Xw, thntXm-ev, hngm-ecn Fnh D]-tbm-Kn--Ww.

hr-j-Ip-SP k]vX-]mx Ic-hn-c-J-Zn-c-\nw_ Ic-RvPm-\m

kv\mt\-]m-t\-te-t]-Ir-an-Ip-jvS-KpZx kmKm-aq{Xm

83

BS-tem-S-Iw-th-cv, IS-I-m-e-b-cn, Ggn-e-m-e-tm-ev, Ic-ho-c-tm-ev, Icn-m-en, thntXm-ev, s]mntXm-ev, Ch Ijmbw shp tKmaq-{Xhpw tNp Ipfn-p-Ibpw IpSn-p-Ibpw tKmaq-{X-n-e-cp ]pc-p-Ibpw sNbvXm Iran-IpjvTw \in-pw.

]m\m-lmc hn[mt\ {]tk-Nt\ [q]t\ {]tZm-lN

Iran-\m-i\w hnUwKw hnin-jytX IpjvS-lm-J-Zncx

84

IpjvT-tcm-Knv IpSn-p-hm\pw Blm-c-km-[-\--fp-m-p-hm\pw Ipfn-p-hm\pw ]ptb-ev]n-p-hm\pw Ac-p-]p-c-p-hm\pw Iran-\m-i-I-amb hngm-e-cnbpw IpjvT \mi-I-amb Icn-m-enbpw D]-tbm-Kn-p-Xv Gd-dhpw \-Xm-Ip-p.

GU-KPx khn-UwtKm aqem-\ym-cKz [ky-Ip-jvTm\mw

Dm-f\w izZ-tKm ƒ izc-hm-tlm-jv{S-Z-m-.

85

Xh-c-p-cp, hngm-e-cn, sIm-th-cv Ch IpjvTs \in-n-p--Xm-Ip-p.\mb, ]ip, IpXn-c, ]n, H-Iw Fn-h-I-fpsS ]v tKmaq-{X-n Xbp ]p-c-p-Xpw IpjvT-\m-i-I-am-Ip-p.

GU-KPx khn-UwtKm tZzN-\nti cmP-hr aqe

IpjvtTm-m-e-\-a{Kyw k]n---eo-]m-Iew tbmPyw.

86

Xh-c-p-cp, hngm-e-cn, a, ac-a--tm-ev, sIm-th-cv, Xn-en, sImw Ch-bpsS te]\w IpjvTs \in-n-p-hm Ghpw \-Xm-Ip-p.

izn{XmWmw {]i-amw {]tbm-hyw ktXm hnip-m\mw

iznt{X {kwk-\-a{Kyw ae-]q-ik CjytX kKpUx

Xw]oXzm kpkv\nKvtm bYm-_ew kqcy-]mX km]w

kwtk-thX hncn--kv{Xylw ]n]mkpx ]nt_t]-bmw.

87

izn{Xw (]m-v) ian-p-hm-\mbn BZyw-Xs ha-\-hn-tc-N\w sNbvXp ico-c-ipn hcp--Ww.]mn\v tim[-\-{Inb hfsc {][m-\-am-Ip-p.AXn\v Im-n-bpsS ck--n shw tNp-]-tbm-Kn-p-Xv \-Xm-Ip-p. izn{X-tcmKn ico-c-n F tXp kv\nKv-LX hcn-n-b-Xn-\p-tijw An-c-k-n shw tNp IpSnp ico-c-_-e-n-\-\p-k-cnv shbn-e-n-cpp NqtS-Ww.Ans\ aqp-Zn-hkw sNbvXp tim[\ hcp--Ww.Fs-nepw IpSn--W-sav tXmp-tm In IpSn-p-Ibpw sN-Ww.

iznt{X ƒ wtKtbkvt^mSm Pmbt Im-I-\-Xm `nym

kvt^mtSjp \nx {kqtXjp {]mXx {]mXx ]nt_]w

ae-]q-a-k\w {]nbwKw iX-]p-jv]mmw `km-k-apIzmYy

]emwiw hmmcw bYm-_ew ^mWn-tXm-t]Xw

Xm-\ym IpjvTLv\w izn{XmWmw k-ta-X]yw

JZn-tcm-Z-I-kw-bpw JZn-tcm-ZI ]m\-a-{Kyw-hm

88

ta]-d--{]-Imcw sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw ]mp ev s]mnf s]m-p-I-bm-sW-n Ahsb apv sImv s]mnp If-b-Ww. s]mn-f-bn \nv shw hcn-I-bm-sW-n Im-n-th-cv, th-m-X, Rmhq-hv, NXp-Ip Fnh Ijmbw shp 15--Zn-hkw cmhnse IpSn--Ww.AYhm ]em-i-mcw ic Ipdp-n-b-Xn tNp An-_-e-n-\-\p-k-cnv tkhn-p-Itbm sN-Ww. IpjvT-\m-i-I-ambn as-smw ]d-n-ptm AsXmw ]mn\pw \-Xm-Ip-p. izn{X-tcm-Knv IpSn-p-hm Icn-men shw tNtXm AYhm Icn-men shw Xstbm Ghpw \-Xm-Ip-p.

ka-\-ioem hnUwKw Imkokw tcmNs\ I\-I-]pjv^ow

izn{XmWmw {]i-amw kssk-hw te]\w ZZym

IZ-fo-m-c-bpXw hm Jcm-h-n-Z-Kvw-K-hmw cp[n-c-bpw

lkvXn-a-Zm-[yp-jnXw hmam-eXymx tImc-I-mcw

\otem]ew kIpjvTw kssk-hw lkvXn aq{X-]n-jvSwhm

aqe-I-_o-Pm-hKp-Pm-te]x ]njvtTm-`-th-ZvKhmw aqt{X

ImtIm-Zpw-_-cnIm hmimKpP Nn{X-Im-Khmw aqt{X

]njvSm-a-\x-io-emhm kwbpm _ln-]n-t-\.

izot{X-te-]mx.

89

a\-n-e, hngm-e-cn, ssap-w, tKmtcm-N-\w, a-p-dn-n-th-cv, Cpv Fnh Acp izn{X-i-a-\mw te]\w sN-Ww. AYhm IZfn hmg-S Nps-Sp `kvahpw Igp-X-bpsS An Nps-Sp `kvahpw ]ip-hn c-n tNp ]pc--Ww. AYhm ]n-I-samv Nps-Sp `kvaw B\-aq-{X-n Nmenp ]pc--Ww.AYhm \oe-m-a-c, sImw, Cpv B\-aq-{X-n Acp ]pc--Ww. AYhm ap-n-p-cphpw ImtIm-In-e-cnbpw tKmaq-{X-n-e-cp ]pc--Ww.AYhm Im-n-th-cv, BS-tem-SIw thcv, ImtIm-In-e-cn, sImSp-th-cn-n-gv Ch tKmaq-{X-n-e-cnp ]pc--Ww. AYhm a\-ne abn-ens ]n-n-e-cnp izn{X-i-am-\mw ]pc-p-Itbm sN-Ww.

te]x Inem-k-lm _oPm-\y-h KpPm-\n-em-mN

tKm]n--a-RvP-t\tZz ]neyx IrjvW-tem-l-cPx

90

ImtIm-In-e-cn, tIme-cv, tKmtcm-N-\w, c-km-RvP-\w, kuho-cm-RvP-\w, Xn-en, Imcn-cp-v, `kvaw Ch Acp ]pc-p-Xv izn{X-\m-i-I-am-Ip-p.

ipym-tim-WnX tamss hncq--ssW `-ssW kq\mw

izn{X-I-ky-Nn-tZh {]im-ay-Xn-oW ]m]-ky.

91

]m]w bn--h-cpsS izn{Xw ha-\--hn-tc-N-\mZn ipn-sImpw c-tam-Ww sImpw cp-ap `-W-fpw aesm-Snbpw `-W-ambn ioen-p--Xp-sImpw ian-p--Xm-Ip-p.izn{Xw ]m]w sImp-m-Ip--Xm-sWpw izn{Xw Bs-nepw ian-p-Im-Wp-p-s-n AX-hs ]m]w ian--Xp-sIm-m-sW-w.

ZmcpWw NmcpWw izn{Xw Inemkw \ma-`n-kv{Xn`nx

bZp-Ny-tX-X {Xnhn[w {XntZmjw {]mb-i-kvXp-X

tZmtj cm-{intX cw Xm{aw amwk-k-am-{intX

tizXw-taZx {intX-izn{Xw Kpcp-Xm-tNm--tcm--cw.

92

Inemkw (]m-v) Zmcp-W-sapw Nmcp-W-sapw izn{X-sapw aqp-t]-tcmSp IqSn-b-Xm-Ip-p.Cu ]d--aq-p-hn-[-n-ep ]mpw an-hmdpw {XntZm-j-P-\y-am-bp-m-Ip--Xp-am-Ip-p. tZmjw cs B{i-bnv c-h-ambpw hmX-P-\y-ambpw Dm-Ip-Xv Zmcp-Whpw amwks B{i-bnv Xm{a-h-ambpw ]n-P-\y-ambpw Dm-Ip-Xv Ntc-Whpw taZ-ns\ B{i-bnv sh-\n-d-ambpw I^-P-\y-ambpw Dm-Ip-Xv izn{Xhpw BIp-p.CXn BZyw ]d--Xn-t\-m ]noSv ]d--Xn\v in IqSp--Xp-am-Ip-p.

b]-c-kv]-ctXm ƒ `nw _lp-b c-tem-a-hkv

b-hj-K-tWm]w Xizn{Xw ss\hkn-yXn

93

Ahn-S-hnsS Dm-b-Xmb izn{Xw ]c-kv]cw Iq-Sn-t-cp-Ibpw IqSp-X-em-bp-m-hp-Ibpw izn{X-n NpI--tcm-a--fp-m-hp-Ibpw At\I hjw \op-\np-Ibpw sNbvX izn{Xw NnIn-np amp-hm km[n-p--X-.

hNmwky Xym\n IrX-Lv\-`mthm

\nm-kp-cmWmw Kpcp-[j-W

]m]-{Inbm ]q-Ir-X I-tlXpx

Inem-kky hntcm-[n-Nm-w.

94

AkXyw ]d-bp-I, D]-Im--c-kva-c-W-bn-m-Xn-cn-p-I, tZh-msc \nn-p-I, Kpcp-\m-Y-msc A]-am-\n-p-I, ]m]-Iw sNp-I, ap--n ]m]w sNpI, hncn-m-lmcw ioen-pI Fnh Inem-k-n\v (]m-n-\v) Imc-W-am-Ip-p.

X{X-tmIx

tlXp-{Zhyw enwKw hnhn[w tbtbjp Nm[n-Im-tZmjmx

IpjvtTjp tZmj-enwKw kam-ktX tZmj-\ntix

kmy-a-kmyw Ir{w IpjvTw IpjvTm] _m-tb-tbmKmx

knmx Inem-k-tl-Xqenw-K-Kp-cp-em-Lhw XYm-imnx

CXn-kw-{Klx {]mWotXm aljnWm IpjvT-\m-it\ƒymtb

kvarXn-_pn h-\mw injymb lpXm-i-th-im-b.

95

IpjvT-\n-Zm-\w, IpjvT-ap-m-Ip--Xn\v Imc-W-amb {Zhyw, \m\m-hn-[-n-ep IpjvT-e--Ww, GtXXv IpjvT--fn GtXXv tZmj--fmWv hn-n-p-Xv F tZmj-e--Ww, Npcp--n IpjvT-p tZmj-\nt-iw, kmy-e--Ww, Akm-y-e--Ww, Ir{-km-y-e--Ww, IpjvT-\m-i-I-amb kn-tbm-K-, Inem-k-Im-c-Ww, AXns e-Ww, Kpcp-e-Lp-Xzw, NnIn Fnh Cu IpjvT-Nn-In-n-Xm-ym-b-n Bt{Xb aljn-bm injy-\mb An-th-is _pbpw Hm-i-nbpw hn-p-hm-\mbn D]-tZ-in--s-n-cn-p-p.

CXy-n-thi IrtX-Xt{ Nc-I-{]Xn kwkvIrtX

NnIn-n-X-mt\ IpjvT NnIn-nXw \ma

k]vXtam ƒ ymbx.

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