A²ymbw þ 7

IpjvT-Nn-In-ÕnXw

tÇmI§Ä x 1 - 15 16 - 30 31 - 45 46 - 60 61 - 75 76 - 95

Xnà-Lr-ssXÀ [uX-Lr-ssX-c-`yw-tKm-Zly am\-Ip-jvtTjp

ssXsse-Ý-µ\ a[pI {]]u-Þ-co-tImð]e bpssX-Ý.

76

Np«p-\o-d-ep-Å-Xmb IpjvT-¯n\v Xnà-I-Lr-Xtam \mev]m-ac sh®tbm ]pc-«-Ww.Nµ\w, Cc-«n-a-[p-cw, ]pÞ-co-I-¡-cn-¼v, \oe-¯m-ac Fónh Iev¡-am¡n Im¨nb ssXew ]pc-«p-óXpw \ñ-Xm-Ip-óp.

t¢Z{]-]-XXn NmwtK-Zmtl hnkvt^m-S-tI-k-NÀ½-Zte

ioXmx {]tZ-l-tkIm hymt[m-hn-tc-tIm-LrXw Xnàw

J-Zn-c-LrXw \nw_-LrXw ZmÀÆo-LrX ap¯aw ]tSm-e-LrXw

IpjvtTjp cà-]n¯ {]_-tejp `nj-KvPnIw kn²w.

77

\pe-hv, AwK-§Ä¡v saen-hv, Np«p-\o-dð, s]m¡nf Fón-h-I-tfmSp IqSnb NÀ½-Zf IpjvT-¯nð ioX-ho-cy-apÅ Huj-[-§-f-c¨p ]pc-«p-Ibpw ioX-ho-cy-apÅ Huj-[-§Ä Ijmbw sh¨p [mc sN¿p-Ibpw kncm-th[w sN¿p-Ibpw hntc-Nn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw Xnà-I-LrXw tkhn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿-Ww. cà-]n¯w hÀ²n-¨-Xmb IpjvT-¯nð JZn-c-LrXw, \nw_-Lr-Xw, ZmÀÆo-LrXw ]tSm-e-LrXw Fón-h-I-sf-s¡mïv sshZy³ AXns\ Pbn-¡-Ww.

{Xn^-em-XztNm ƒ À²]-enImx ]tSm--e-]-{Xô ImÀjnImx tijmx

ISp-tcm-lnWn k\nw_m bjvSym-lzm-{Xmb amWmN

Gj-I-jmbx kmt²ym ZXzm-Zzn-]ew akq-c-hn-Z-em\mw

ken-em-Vt\ ƒ jvS`m-tK-titj ]qtXm-c-tkm-{Kmlymx

X{X-I-jmtb ƒ jvS]-te-NXpx ]ew-kÀ¸n-jÝ ]àhyw

bmhðkym-Z-jvS-]ew tijw-t]bw XXx tImjvWw

XZv hmX ]n¯-IpjvTw hnkÀ¸w hmX-tim-WnXw {]_ew

Pz-c-Zm-l-Kpða hn{Z[n hn{`a hnkv-t^m--SIw l\ymð.

78

ISp-¡, Xm\n-¡, s\ñn¡ Ch Ipcp-I-fªp aqópw IqSn Hó-c-¸-ew, Im«p-tSm-e-¯n³ Ce Ac-¸-ew, ISp-tcm-ln-Wn, th¸n³tXm-ev, Cc-«n-a-[p-cw, {_Òn, Ch aqóv aqóv Ig-ôn, XrtIm-ev]-Ipó cïv ]ew Ch-sbñmw IqSn \men-S-§gn shÅ-¯nð Ijmbw sh¨p Ipdp¡n F-«n-sem-óm-¡n-sb-Sp¯p XpWn-sI«n Acn-s¨-Sp-¡-Ww. B F«v ]ew Ijm-b-¯nð \mð ]ew ]ip-hn³s\¿v tNÀ¯p hoïpw ]mIw sNbvXp F«v ]e-am-bm-se-Sp¯p Cfw NqtSm-Sp-IqSn IpSn-¡-Ww. AXv hmX-]n-¯-Ip-jvTw, hnkÀ¸w, hÀ²n¨ hmX-tim-Wn-Xw, Pzcw, Np«p-\o-dð, Kpò³, hn{Z-[n, at\m-hn-{`-aw, s]m¡nf Fónh-Isf \in-¸n-¡pw. (CXv Zn\w-{]Xn tkhn-¡-Ww. ChnsS F«-]ew am{X-]-d-ªn-«p-sï-¦nepw sshZysâ bpàn-t]mse am{X \nÝ-bn-¡m-hp-ó-Xm-Wv.)

\nw_-]-tSmew ZmÀÆow Zpcm-e`mw Xnà-tcm-lnWow {Xn^emw

Ipcym-ZÀ²-]-emwiw ]À¸-SIw {Xmb amWmÝ

ken-em-VI kn²m\mw ctk ƒ jvS`m-tK-ØntX £nt]ð]qtX

Nµ-\-In-cmX XnàI amK-[nIm {Xmb-am-WmÝ

apkvXw hðk-I-_oPw Ið¡o-Ir-XymÀ² ImÀjn-Im³ `mKm³

\h-kÀ¸n-jÝ jSv]-e-ta-Xð XnàIw LrXw-t]bw

IpjvTPzc KpðamÀtim {Kl-Wo-]m-WvUzm-ab izb-Yp-lmcn

]mam-hn-kÀ¸-]n-UIm IWvU-_-a-Z-K-WvU-\pð kn²w.

Xnà-j-Sv]-e-Iw-Lr-Xw.

79

th¸n³tXm-ev, Im«p-]-tSm-ew, ac-a-ª-t¯m-ev, sIm-Sn-¯q-h-th-cv, ISp-tcm-ln-Wn, ISp-¡, Xm\n-¡, s\ñn-¡, ]À¸-S-Iw, {_Òn Ch Hmtcmópw Atc-c-¸ew FSp¯p \men-S-§gn shÅ-¯nð Ijmbw sh¨p F«n-sem-óm-bm-e-cn-s¨-Sp¯p AXnð Nµ-\w, ]p¯-cn-¨p-ï-th-cv, Xn¸-en, {_Òn, ap¯-§, IS-I-¸m-e-bcn Ch Hó-c-¡-g-ôp-hoXw Ac¨p Iev¡w tNÀ¯p ]pXnb ]ip-hn³s\¿v 6þ]ehpw tNÀ¯p ]mIw sNbvsX-Sp-¡-Ww.Cu XnàIw s\¿v bpàn-t]mse am{X-\n-Ý-bn¨p tkhn-¨mð IpjvTw, Pzcw, Kpò³, AÀi-Êv, {Kl-Wn, ]mWvUp-tcm-Kw, ho¡w, ]ma, hnkÀ¸w, ]nU-Im, sNmdn-¨nð, at\m-hn-{`-aw, KWvU-ame Fónh \in-¡p-ó-Xm-Ip-óp.

k]vX-OZw {]Xn-hnjmw iaymIw Xnà-tcm-lnWnw ]mTw

apkvX-ap-iocw {Xn^emw ]tSm-e-]nNp aÀ±-]À¸-SIw

[\z-b-hmjw Nµ-\-ap-]-Ipemw ]ßIw l-]n-t{ZtZz

jUv{KÙmw khn-imeymw iXm-hcow imcn-t_-tNmt`

hðk-I-_o-Pw-hmimw aqÀÆm-a-arXmw IncmX Xnàô

Ið¡-Ý-XpÀ°-`mtKm Pe-a-jvS-KpWw ctkm ƒ arX-]-em-\cm

ZznKp-tWm-Lr-Xmð {]tZ-b-kvXð kn²w-]m-b-tbðkÀ¸nx

IpjvTm\n cà {]_-em-\yÀ imwkn cà-_m-lo\n

hnkÀ¸ cà-]n¯w hmXm-kr-Iv]m-WvUp-tcm-Kô

hnkvt^m-S-Im³ k]m-am-\p³amZw Imaemw Pzcw-I®pw

lrt{ZmK Kpða-]n-PIm Akr-KvZcw KWvU-a-WvU-am-emô

l\ym-tZ-XðkÀ¸nx ]oXw-Imte bYm-_-ew-kZyx

tbmK-i-ssX-c]y PnXm³ alm-]n-Im-cm³ alm-Xnàw

tZmtj-lrtX ƒ ]\ntX ctà-_m-lym-´tc IrtX-h-at\

kvt\tl-Imte bptà\ IpjvT-a-Xn-hÀ¯tX km²yw 

alm-Xn-à-I-Lr-Xw

80

Ggn-e-¼m-e-t¯m-ev, AXn-hn-S-bw, sImó-t¯m-ev, ISp-tcm-ln-Wn, ]mS-¡n-g-§v, cma-¨w, I-Sp-¡, Xm\n-¡, s\ñn-¡, Im«p-]-tSm-ew, th¸n³tXm-ev, ]À¸-Sw, sImSn-¯q-h-th-cv, Nµ-\w, Xn¸-en, ]Xp-ap-Iw, aªÄ, ana-ª-t¯m-ev, hb-¼v, Im«p-sh-Å-cn-th-cv, iXm-h-cn-¡n-g-§v, \óm-dn-¡n-g-§v, henb \óm-dn-¡n-g-§v, IpS-I-¸m-e-b-cn, BStemSIw-th-cv, t]cp-¦p-dp-¼-th-cv, Nnd-d-ar-Xv, ]p¯-cn-¨p-ï-th-cv, Cc-«n-a-[p-cw, {_Òn Ch Iev¡-am¡n eev¡-¯nsâ \men-c«n s\¿pw s\¿nsâ F«n-c«n ip²-P-ehpw s\¿nsâ cïn-c«n s\ñn-¡m-kz-c-khpw tNÀ¯p kvt\l-]m-I-hn-[n-{]-Imcw ]mIw sNbvsX-Sp¯p tkhn-¡-Ww. am{X-tZm-j-_-e-¯nópw A\p-k-cn¨v \nÝ-bn-¡-Ww. Cu alm-Xn-àXw tkhn-¨mðcà-]n-¯w, cà-hm-Xw, ]mWvUp-tcm-Kw, s]m¡n-f, ]ma, Dòm-Zw, Iman-e, ]\n, sNmdn-¨nð, lrt{Zm-Kw, Kpò³, Ipcp, càw-t]m-¡v, KWvU-ame Fón-hbpw addv \qdvI-W-¡n\v tbmK-§-tf-s¡mïv t]mIm¯ tcmK-§fpw s]s«-óp-X-só ian-¡p-ó-Xm-Ip-óp. CXv tkmhn-¡p-ó-Xnóv ap¼mbn ha-\-þ-hn-tc-N-\mZn sNbvXp tZmj-§sf ]pd-t¯¡v Ifªpw càtam£Ww sNbvXpw s\¿v tkhn-t¡-ïpó Ime¯pw tkhn-¡p-ó-Xm-bmð Huj-[-§-tf-s¡mïv km²y-am-Ipó IpIp-jvT-§-sfñmw Xsó ian-¡p-ó-Xm-bn-cn-¡pw.

JZn-c-ky-Xpemx ]ô-inw-]m-k-\-tbm-kvXpte

XpemÀ²mx kÀ¸ GsshtX Ic-RvPm-cn-jS thXkmx

]À¸Sx IpS-P-ssÝ-h-hrjx Iran-l-c-kvXYm

lcnt{Z IrX-am-eÝ KpUqNo {Xn^em {Xhrð

k]vX-]À®Ý kw£p-®m-Zi t{ZmtWjp hmcnWx

A«-`m-Km--h-in-jvS´p Ijm-b-a-h-Xm-c-tbð

[m{Xo-c-kô Xpeymwiw kÀ¸n-j-Ým-VIw ]tNð

alm-Xn-àI Iðss¡kvXp btYm-ssàx-]-e-k-½nssXx

\nl-´n-kÀÆ IpjvTm\n ]m\m-`ywK \ntj-h-Wmð

alm-J-Znc antXy-Xð ]cw-Ip-jvT-hn-Im-c-\pð.

81

Icn-§m-en, 500-þ-]-ew, CcpÄ¡m-Xð 100-þ-]-ew, th§-¡m-Xð, 100-þ-]-ew, D§³tXm-ev, th¸n³tXm-ev, Bd-dz-ªn-t¯m-ev, ]À¸-Sw, IS-I-¸m-e, thÀt¯m-ev, BS-tem-S-Iw-th-cv, hngm-e-cn, aªÄ, ac-a-ª-t¯m-ev, sImó-t¯m-ev, Nnd-d-ar-Xv, ISp-¡, Xn\n-¡, s\ñn-¡, {XntIm-ev]-\p-ó, Ggn-e-¼m-e-t¯mev Ch Hmtcmópw 50-þ-]-ew-hoXw FSp¯p Fñmw-IqSnCSp¨p 320-þ-C-S-§gn shÅ-¯nð Ijmbw sh¨p Ipdp¡n 40-þ-C-S-§-gn-bm¡n hm§n-sh¨p Acn-s¨-Sp¯p AXnð 8þ-C-S-§gn s\¿pw 8þ-C-S-§gn s\ñn-¡m-kz-c-khpw alm-Xn-à-I-¯nóv ]dª Iev¡-a-cp-óp-IÄ Hmtcm-]ew hoXw FSp-¯-c¨p Iev¡hpw tNÀ¯p kvt\l-]m-I-hn-[n-{]-Imcw ]mIw-sN-bvsX-Sp¯p tkhn-¡p-Ibpw tað tX¡p-Ibpw sNbvXmð kÀÆ-hn[ IpjvT-t¯bpw \in-¸n-¡p-ó-Xm-Ip-óp.Cu alm-J-Znc LrXw IpjvTs¯ \in-¸n-¡p-ó-Xm-Ip-óp.

{]X-Xð kp eknIm {]kp-tXjp Kmt{X jpP´p-P-Lvt\jp

aq{Xw-\nw_ hnUwtK kv\m\w ]m\w {]tZ-lmÝ

82

IpjvTtcm-Kn-bpsS ico-c-¯nð Iran Xnóp-Ibpw AwK-§Ä sImgn-ªp-t]m-hp-Ibpw eknI {khn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-ó-Xnð Ipfn-¡p-hm\pw IpSn-¡p-hm\pw te]-\-¯nópw tKmaq-{Xw, th¸n³tXm-ev, hngm-ecn Fónh D]-tbm-Kn-¡-Ww.

hr-j-Ip-SP k]vX-]À®mx Ic-hn-c-J-Zn-c-\nw_ Ic-RvPm-\mÝ

kv\mt\-]m-t\-te-t]-Ir-an-Ip-jvS-KpZx kmKm-aq{Xm

83

BS-tem-S-Iw-th-cv, IS-I-¸m-e-b-cn, Ggn-e-¼m-e-t¯m-ev, Ic-ho-c-t¯m-ev, Icn-§m-en, th¸n³tXm-ev, s]m§n³tXm-ev, Ch Ijmbw sh¨p tKmaq-{Xhpw tNÀ¯p Ipfn-¡p-Ibpw IpSn-¡p-Ibpw tKmaq-{X-¯n-e-c¨p ]pc-«p-Ibpw sNbvXmð Iran-IpjvTw \in-¡pw.

]m\m-lmc hn[mt\ {]tk-Nt\ [q]t\ {]tZm-lN

Iran-\m-i\w hnUwKw hnin-jytX IpjvS-lm-J-Zncx

84

IpjvT-tcm-Kn¡v IpSn-¡p-hm\pw Blm-c-km-[-\-§-fp-ïm-¡p-hm\pw Ipfn-¡p-hm\pw ]ptb-ev]n-¡p-hm\pw Ac-¨p-]p-c-«p-hm\pw Iran-\m-i-I-amb hngm-e-cnbpw IpjvT \mi-I-amb Icn-§m-enbpw D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-óXv Gd-dhpw \ñ-Xm-Ip-óp.

GU-KPx khn-UwtKm aqem-\ym-cKz [ky-Ip-jvTm\mw

D±m-f\w izZ-´tKm ƒ izc-hm-tlm-jv{S-Z-´m-Ý.

85

Xh-c-¡p-cp, hngm-e-cn, sImó-th-cv Ch IpjvTs¯ \in-¸n-¡p-ó-Xm-Ip-óp.\mb, ]ip, IpXn-c, ]ón, H«-Iw Fón-h-I-fpsS ]ñv tKmaq-{X-¯nð Xb¨p ]p-c-«p-óXpw IpjvT-\m-i-I-am-Ip-óp.

GU-KPx khn-UwtKm tZzN-\nti cmP-hr£ aqeô

IpjvtTm-±m-e-\-a{Kyw k]n--¸-eo-]m-Iew tbmPyw.

86

Xh-c-¡p-cp, hngm-e-cn, aªÄ, ac-a-ª-t¯m-ev, sImó-th-cv, Xn¸-en, sIm«w Ch-bpsS te]\w IpjvTs¯ \in-¸n-¡p-hm³ Gähpw \ñ-Xm-Ip-óp.

izn{XmWmw {]i-amÀ°w {]tbm-àhyw kÀÆtXm hnip-²m\mw

iznt{X {kwk-\-a{Kyw ae-]q-ik CjytX kKpUx

Xw]oXzm kpkv\nKvt²m bYm-_ew kqcy-]mX k´m]w

kwtk-thX hncn-à-kv{Xylw ]n]mkpx ]nt_ðt]-bmw.

87

izn{Xw (]m-ïv) ian-¡p-hm-\mbn BZyw-Xsó ha-\-hn-tc-N\w sNbvXp ico-c-ip²n hcp-¯-Ww.]mïn\v tim[-\-{Inb hfsc {][m-\-am-Ip-óp.AXn\v Im«-¯n-bpsS ck--¯nð shÅw tNÀ¯p-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-óXv \ñ-Xm-Ip-óp. izn{X-tcmKn ico-c-¯nð F® tX¨p kv\nKv-LX hcn-¯n-b-Xn-\p-tijw A¯n-c-k-¯nð shÅw tNÀ¯p IpSn¨p ico-c-_-e-¯n-\-\p-k-cn¨v shbn-e-¯n-cpóp NqtSð¡-Ww.A§ns\ aqóp-Zn-hkw sNbvXp tim[\ hcp-¯-Ww.Fs´-¦nepw IpSn-¡-W-saóv tXmóp-t¼mÄ Iªn IpSn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿-Ww.

iznt{X ƒ wtKtbkvt^mSm Pmbt´ Iïm-I-\-Xm³ `nµymð

kvt^mtSjp \nx {kqtXjp {]mXx {]mXx ]nt_ð]£w

ae-]q-a-k\w {]nbwKw iX-]p-jv]mômw `km-k-apðIzmYy

]emwiw hm£mcw bYm-_ew ^mWn-tXm-t]Xw

X¨m-\ymð IpjvTLv\w izn{XmWmw kÀÆ-ta-Xð]°yw

JZn-tcm-Z-I-kw-bpàw JZn-tcm-ZI ]m\-a-{Kyw-hm

88

tað]-d-ª-{]-Imcw sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw ]mïpÅ Øe¯v s]m¡nf s]m-´p-I-bm-sW-¦nð Ahsb apÅv sImïv s]m«n¨p If-b-Ww. s]m¡n-f-bnð \nóv shÅw hcn-I-bm-sW-¦nð Im«-¯n-th-cv, th§-¡m-Xð, Rmhð¸q-hv, NXp-Ip¸ Fónh Ijmbw sh¨p 15-þ-Zn-hkw cmhnse IpSn-¡-Ww.AYhm ]em-i-£mcw iÀ¡c Ipdp-¡n-b-Xnð tNÀ¯p Aán-_-e-¯n-\-\p-k-cn¨v tkhn-¡p-Itbm sN¿-Ww. IpjvT-\m-i-I-ambn asä-s´ñmw ]d-ªn-«ptïm AsXñmw ]mïn\pw \ñ-Xm-Ip-óp. izn{X-tcm-Kn¡v IpSn-¡p-hm³ Icn-§men shÅw tNÀ¯tXm AYhm Icn-§men shÅw Xsótbm Gähpw \ñ-Xm-Ip-óp.

ka-\-ioem hnUwKw Imkokw tcmNs\ I\-I-]pjv^ow

izn{XmWmw {]i-amÀ°w kssk-Ôhw te]\w ZZymð

IZ-fo-£m-c-bpXw hm Jcm-h-Øn-Z-Kv²w-K-hmw cp[n-c-bpàw

lkvXn-a-Zm-[yp-jnXw hmam-eXymx tImc-I-£mcw

\otemð]ew kIpjvTw kssk-Ôhw lkvXn aq{X-]n-jvSwhm

aqe-I-_o-Pm-hðKp-Pm-te]x ]njvtTm-`-th-ZvKhmw aqt{X

ImtIm-Zpw-_-cnIm hmimðKpP Nn{X-Im-Khmw aqt{X

]njvSm-a-\x-io-emhm kwbpàm _Àln-]n-t¯-\.

izot{X-te-]mx.

89

a\-Èn-e, hngm-e-cn, ssa¯p-°w, tKmtcm-N-\w, aª-¡p-dn-ªn-th-cv, C´p¸v Fónh Ac¨p izn{X-i-a-\mÀ°w te]\w sN¿-Ww. AYhm IZfn hmg-¯S Nps«-Sp¯ `kvahpw Igp-X-bpsS AØn Nps«-Sp¯ `kvahpw ]ip-hn³ cà-¯nð tNÀ¯p ]pc-«-Ww. AYhm ]n¨-I-sam«v Nps«-Sp¯ `kvaw B\-aq-{X-¯nð Nmen¨p ]pc-«-Ww.AYhm \oe-¯m-a-c, sIm«w, C´p¸v B\-aq-{X-¯nð Ac¨p ]pc-«-Ww. AYhm apÅ-¦n-¡p-cphpw ImÀtIm-In-e-cnbpw tKmaq-{X-¯n-e-c¨p ]pc-«-Ww.AYhm Im«-¯n-th-cv, BS-tem-SIw thcv, ImÀtIm-In-e-cn, sImSp-th-cn-¡n-g§v Ch tKmaq-{X-¯n-e-cn¨p ]pc-«-Ww. AYhm a\-Ène abn-ensâ ]n¯-¯n-e-cn¨p izn{X-i-am-\mÀ°w ]pc-«p-Itbm sN¿-Ww.

te]x Inem-k-l´m _oPm-\y-hð KpPm-\n-em-£mN

tKm]n-¯-a-RvP-t\tZz ]n¸eyx IrjvW-tem-l-cPx

90

ImÀtIm-In-e-cn, tIme-c¡v, tKmtcm-N-\w, c-km-RvP-\w, kuho-cm-RvP-\w, Xn¸-en, Imcn-cp-¼v, `kvaw Ch Ac¨p ]pc-«p-óXv izn{X-\m-i-I-am-Ip-óp.

ip²ym-tim-WnX tamss£À hncq-£-ssWÀ `£-ssWÝ kàq\mw

izn{X-I-ky-Nn-tZh {]im-ay-Xn-£oW ]m]-ky.

91

]m]w £bn-¨-h-cpsS izn{Xw ha-\-þ-hn-tc-N-\mZn ip²n-sImïpw cà-tam-£Ww sImïpw cp£-apÅ `£-W-§fpw aeÀs¸m-Snbpw `£-W-ambn ioen-¡p-ó-Xp-sImïpw ian-¡p-ó-Xm-Ip-óp.izn{Xw ]m]w sImïp-ïm-Ip-ó-Xm-sWópw izn{Xw BÀs¡-¦nepw ian-¨p-Im-Wp-óp-sï-¦nð AX-hsâ ]m]w ian-¨-Xp-sIm-ïm-sW-óÀ°w.

ZmcpWw NmcpWw izn{Xw Inemkw \ma-`n-kv{Xn`nx

bZp-Ny-tX-Xð {Xnhn[w {XntZmjw {]mb-i-kvXp-Xð

tZmtj càm-{intX càw Xm{aw amwk-k-am-{intX

tizXw-taZx {intX-izn{Xw Kpcp-Xm-tNm-¯-tcm-¯-cw.

92

Inemkw (]m-ïv) Zmcp-W-saópw Nmcp-W-saópw izn{X-saópw aqóp-t]-tcmSp IqSn-b-Xm-Ip-óp.Cu ]d-ª-aq-óp-hn-[-¯n-epÅ ]mïpw an¡-hmdpw {XntZm-j-P-\y-am-bp-ïm-Ip-ó-Xp-am-Ip-óp. tZmjw càs¯ B{i-bn¨v cà-hÀ®-ambpw hmX-P-\y-ambpw Dïm-Ip-óXv Zmcp-Whpw amwks¯ B{i-bn¨v Xm{a-hÀ®-ambpw ]n¯-P-\y-ambpw Dïm-Ip-óXv Ntc-Whpw taZ-Êns\ B{i-bn¨v shÅ-\n-d-ambpw I^-P-\y-ambpw Dïm-Ip-óXv izn{Xhpw BIp-óp.CXnð BZyw ]d-ª-Xn-t\-¡mÄ ]nóoSv ]d-ª-Xn\v iàn IqSp-ó-Xp-am-Ip-óp.

bð]-c-kv]-ctXm ƒ `nów _lp-bð cà-tem-a-hkv

b¨-hÀj-K-tWmð]ów Xðizn{Xw ss\hkn-²yXn

93

Ahn-S-hnsS Dïm-b-Xmb izn{Xw ]c-kv]cw Iq-Sn-t¨-cp-Ibpw IqSp-X-em-bp-ïm-hp-Ibpw izn{X-¯nð NpI-ó-tcm-a-§-fp-ïm-hp-Ibpw At\I hÀjw \oïp-\nð¡p-Ibpw sNbvX izn{Xw NnIn-Õn¨p amäp-hm³ km[n-¡p-ó-X-ñ.

hNmwky X°ym\n IrX-Lv\-`mthm

\nµm-kp-cmWmw Kpcp-[Àj-Wô

]m]-{Inbm ]qÀÆ-Ir-Xô IÀ½-tlXpx

Inem-kky hntcm-[n-Nm-ów.

94

AkXyw ]d-bp-I, D]-Im--c-kva-c-W-bn-ñm-Xn-cn-¡p-I, tZh-òmsc \nµn-¡p-I, Kpcp-\m-Y-òmsc A]-am-\n-¡p-I, ]m]-IÀ½w sN¿p-I, apÖ-ò-¯nð ]m]w sN¿pI, hncn-²m-lmcw ioen-¡pI Fónh Inem-k-¯n\v (]m-ïn-\v) Imc-W-am-Ip-óp.

X{X-tÇmIx

tlXp-{Zhyw enwKw hnhn[w tbtbjp Nm[n-Im-tZmjmx

IpjvtTjp tZmj-enwKw kam-ktX tZmj-\nÀt±ix

km²y-a-km²yw Ir{Ñw IpjvTw IpjvTm] _mÝ-tb-tbmKmx

kn²mx Inem-k-tl-XqÀenw-K-Kp-cp-em-Lhw XYm-im´nx

CXn-kw-{Klx {]mWotXm alÀjnWm IpjvT-\m-it\ƒ²ymtb

kvarXn-_p²n hÀ²-\mÀ°w injymb lpXm-i-th-im-b.

95

IpjvT-\n-Zm-\w, IpjvT-ap-ïm-Ip-ó-Xn\v Imc-W-amb {Zhyw, \m\m-hn-[-¯n-epÅ IpjvT-e-£-Ww, GtXXv IpjvT-§-fnð GtXXv tZmj-§-fmWv hÀ²n-¨n-«p-ÅXv Fó tZmj-e-£-Ww, Npcp-¡-¯nð IpjvT-§Ä¡pÅ tZmj-\nÀt±-iw, km²y-e-£-Ww, Akm-²y-e-£-Ww, Ir{Ñ-km-²y-e-£-Ww, IpjvT-\m-i-I-amb kn²-tbm-K-§Ä, Inem-k-Im-c-Ww, AXnsâ e£-Ww, Kpcp-e-Lp-Xzw, NnInÕ Fónh Cu IpjvT-Nn-In-Õn-Xm-²ym-b-¯nð Bt{Xb alÀjn-bmð injy-\mb Aán-th-isâ _p²bpw HmÀ½-i-ànbpw hÀ²n-¡p-hm-\mbn D]-tZ-in-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-óp.

CXy-án-thi IrtX-Xt{´ Nc-I-{]Xn kwkvIrtX

NnIn-Õn-X-Ømt\ IpjvT NnIn-ÕnXw \ma

k]vXtam ƒ ²ymbx.

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