Aymbw  28

hmX-hym[n NnIn-n-Xw.

tmI x

1 - 15

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31 - 45

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121 - 135

136 - 150

AYmtXm hmX-hym[n NnInknXw hymJym-kymax
CXn-l-kvaml `K-hm-\m-t{X-b.
1

C\n hmX-hym[n NnInknXw F Aym-bs Bt{Xb `K-hm D]-tZ-in-Xp {]Im-cw-Xs An-th-i-a-ljn hnh-cn-p-p-v.

hmbp-cm-bq_ew hmbqhm-bp[mXv ico-cnWmw
hmbphn-iz-anZw kw {]`phmbpO {]IonXx
Ahym-lX KXn-cyky m\x {]Ir-Xu-nXx
hmbpx kymtkm ƒ[n-Iw-Po-th hoX-tcmKx kam-i-Xw.
2

Pohn-I-fpsS Bbp-v, (Po-h) hmbp-hm-Ip-p. _ew hmbp-hm-Ip-p. tZl-[m-cWw sNp-Xv hmbp-hm-Ip-p. Cu ImWp temIw apgp-h hmbp-hm-Ip-p. hmbp CXnssbmw {]`p-hm-sWv ]d-b-s-Sp-p. bmsXm-cp-h\v hmbp Xs KXn XS-b-s-Sm-sXbpw kzm-\-n kam-h--bnepw nXn sNp-pthm Ah \qdp-hj-n-e-[nIw bmsXmcp tcmKhpw IqSmsX Pohn-pw. (C-Xns\ kw_-nv IqSp-X-embn kq{X-m-\-n hmX-Iem Ieo-bm-ym-b-n hnh-cn-n-p-v.)

{]mtWm-Zm\ kam-\mJy hym\m-]m\ux k]-[m
tZlw X{-btX kayIv mt\-jiz hyml-X--c.
3

{]mW DZm-\, kam-\, hym\, A]m-\ Fot]cp-I-fm Bhmbp Ap-hn-[-n Ap-m-\--fn bmsXmcpXS-hpw IqSmsXk-cnp tZlsthp-t]mse \nb-{n-pp.

m\w {]mW-ky-iotjmcx IWvT-Pn-lzm-ky-\m-knImx
jvToh-\--h-Yq-ZvKm-c-izm-km-lm-cmZn I-N.
4

inc-v, Dc-v, IWvTw, \mhv, hmb, aqv Ch {]mW-hm-bp-hnsc m\-am-Ip-p. Xp, Xp, G-w, izmkw, Blm-cs kzoI-cn- apX-em-bh {]mW-hm-bp-hns I-hp-am-Ip-p.

DZm-\-ky-]p\x m\w \m`ypcx IWvT-G-hN
hmIv{]-hrnx {]b-Xvt\mtm-_e hm-Zn-I-N.
5

\m`n, Dc-v, IWvTw Ch DZm-\s m\-am-Ip-p. kwkm-cn-, {]b-Xv\w, Duw (D-m-lw) _ew, hw apX-em-bh DZm-\s I-hp-am-Ip-p.

tkzZ-tZm-jmw_p hmln-\n-t{km-Xmwkn ka-[n-jvTnXx
A-c-K-t ]mizx kamt\m ƒn-_-e-{]Zx
6

hnbn-t\bpw tZmj--tfbpw Pemw-i-tbpw hln-p--Xmb t{kX-p-I-fn B{i-bn-p-\n-evp-Ibpw A-cm-n-bpsS ]miz-`m-K--fn nXn-sN-p-Ibpw sNp--Xmb kam-\-hmbp An-tbbpw _e-tbpw {]Zm\w sNp--Xm-Ip-p.

tZlw-hym-]vt\mXn k-Wp-Xm\x io{L-K-Xn\rWmw
KXn-{]-km-c-Wm-t] \nta-jm-Zn-{Inbx kZm.
7

io{L-Km-an-bmb hym\-hmbp a\p-jy-m-cpsS ico-cs apgp-h hym]np \nevp--Xm-Ip-p. KXn (h-gn-\-S-w, AwK-N-e\w apX-em-b.) AwK-hn-kvX-c-Ww, AwK--sf-Sp-s-dn-b, \nta-tjm-tjw apX-emb I- hym\ kZm sNp--Xm-Ip-p.

hrjWu hkvXn-ta-{V \m`ypcp hwWu KpZw
A]m-\-m\ a{x ip{I-aq-{X-i-Ir{Inbx
kr-P-Xymh K`u-N...............................................
8

cv hrj-Ww, hkvXn, enwKw, \m`n, XpS, Ib-e, KpZw, B{w Ch A]m-\-hm-bp-hns m\-am-Ip-p. Cu A]m-\-hmbp ipw, aq{Xw, aew, B-hw, K`w Chsb ]pd-tv If-bp {]hrn sNp--Xm-Ip-p.

...........................................-bpmx m\-n-Xm-tX
kzI IptX tZtlm-[m-cytX ssXc-\m-abx
hnam-m-ly-bpm hm tcmssKx kzkvXm\ IssPx
icocw ]oU-btytX {]mWm-\mip lc-n-hm.
9

Cu ]-hm-bp- ka-tbm-K-tm-Sp-IqSn kzm-\--en nXn sNp--Xm-bm Xs Xs kzw Iw sNp--Xm-Ip-p. Ah kzw kzw Iw sNp--Xm-bm bmsXmcp tcmKhpw IqSmsX tZls [cn-p--Xm-Ip-p. Fm {]mWmZn ]-hm-bp- kzamw hnp hn]-co-X-am--fn k-cnp nXn sNp-Itbm Atbm-Km-Xn-tbmK anym-tbm-K-bp--am-hp-Itbm sNbvXm Xs Xs m\--fn Xs Xs I--te-sm-p-m-Ip tcmK--te-smv ico-cs ]oUn-n-p-Itbm AYhm Ch W-n {]mW-lm\n hcp-p-Itbm sNp--Xm-Ip-p.

kwJym-a-]yXn hrm\mw Xm-\mwln {][m-\Xx
Aio-Xn\J t`Zm-Zy-tcmKmx kqt{X-\n-ZinXx.
10

Av hmbp-tfsmp-m-Ip tcmK--fpsS kwJy A]m-c-am-Wv. Fm \J-t`Zw XpS-nb FXv hn[-n-ep {][m-\-tcm-K- kq{X-m-\-n Nqn-m-Wn--s-n-p-v.

Xm\p-Ny-am-\m ]cymssbx ktl-Xp-]-{I-am irWp
tIhew hmbp-ap-niy m\-t`-Zm XYm-hr-Xw.
11

]cymb hyXym-kfm ]d-b-s FXv hn[ hmX-tcm-K-sf AXns Imc-W-tmSpw NnInk-tbmSpw IqSnbpw m\-hy-Xymkw tlXp-hm-bp-m-Ip tIhe hmX-tbpw addp tZmj--fpsS Bh-cW hmX-tbpw ey-amn D]-tZ-in-p-X-cmw. tIp-[-cn-p-sIm-p-I.

cq-io-Xm-ev]-e-Lz hyhm-bmXn {]Pm-Ksscx
hnj-am-Zp-]-Nm-cmp tZmjm-krIv {kh-Wm-ZXn
ewL\ h-\m-Xy[z hymbm-amXn hntN-jvSnssXx
[mXq\mw kw-bm-nm timI-tcm-KmXn Ij-Wm
ZpxJi-m-k-am t{Im[m-nhm kz]v\mZv `bm-Z]n
thK-k-m-cWm Zmam-Z-`n-Lm-XmZ t`mP-\m
am-_m-[m-ZvK-tPm-jvSm io{L-bm-\m-]-Xw-k-\m
tZtl-t{kmXmw kncn-m\n ]qc-bn-Xzm-\n-tem-_eo
ItcmXn hnhn-[m hym[n kmw-ssK-ImwK kw{i-bm.
12

hmX-tcm-K--fpsS Imc-Ww--cq-hpw ioX-fhpw Aev]hpw eLp-hp-amb Blmcw, AXn-ssa-Yp-\w, cm{Xn IqSp-X-embn Dd-sm-gn-b, GsX-nepw tcmK-n\v hn]-co-Xtam hnj-atam Bb Blm-c-hn-lm-cm-Zn-I ioen-p-I, ae-aq-{X-Zn-Itfm ctam IqSp-X-emb Hmw--Nm-w, AXn-bmb hgn-\-S-w, AXn-bmb hymbm-aw, IqSp-X-emb ]cn-{i-aw, [mXp--fpsS bw, Nn, ZpxJw, tcmK--tf-smv icocw oWn-p-I, ZpxJ-ap-m-p-Xpw ka-a-m--Xp-amb hncn-n InS-p-I, t{Im[w, ]I-ep-d-, `bw, ae-aq-{Xm-Zn-th-K-sf [cn-p-I, Ba-tZm-jw, ASn--CSn apX-em-bh Gevp-I, ]nWn InS-p-I, a--en BLm-X-ta-evp-I, B\--H-Iw apX-em-b-h-bpsS ]pdp Ibdn AXn-th-K-n k-cn-p-Itbm Ah-bn\nv hogp-Itbm sNpI Fo Imc-W--tf-smv _e-hm-\mb hmbp tZl-n t{kmX-p-I-fn h Hgn-hp-I-fn \nd-nv ico-c-n apgp-h-\p-amtbm Hcw-K-ttbm B{i-bn-p-\nv ]e-am-Xn-cn-bp tcmK-sf Dm-p--Xp-am-Ip-p.

Ahyw eWw tXjmw ]q-cq-]-an-Xn-kvarXw
B-cq-]p XZvhy--a-]mtbm eLp-Xm-]p\x
13

Cu hmX-hym-[n-I-fpsS Ahy--amb eWw Ah-bpsS ]q-cq-]-am-sWpw hy-amb eWw Ah-bpsS kzw cq]-am-sWpw hmbp-hns eLpX (e--W--fpsS Aev]-X) A]mb (hn-\m-i) cq]-am-sWpw a\-n-em--Ww. eWw Ipdp Im tcmK-n\v emLhw kw`-hnp Fpw a\-n-em--Ww.

ktmNx ]Wmw kvXwt`m-t`tZm ƒv\mw ]-Wm-a]n
tema-ljx {]em-] ]mWn-]m-Z-in-tcm-{Klx
JvRvPyw ]mwKpey Ip_vPXzm timtjmw ƒKm-\m-a-\n-{ZXm
K`-ip-{I-c-tPm-\mix kv]\w Km{X kp]vXXm
intcm-\m-kmn P{Xq-Wmw-{Ko-hm-b ]nlp-WvU\w
t`Z-kvtXmtZm ƒn-cm-tt]m taml-m-bk GhN
Ghw hn[m\n cq]mWn ItcmXn Ip]ntXm ƒ\nex
tlXp-m\ hnti-jm `th-t{ZmK hnti-j-Ir.
14

hmX-tIm] e-Ww--Aw-K- Npcp-p-I, kn-I kvXw`n-p-I, An-Ipw kn-Ipw ]nfp--Xp-t]m-ep thZ-\, tcmam-w, ]npw t]bpw ]d-bp-I, Iv--Im--in-cv Ch-Iv ]nSpw HcpIm apS-v, cp-Im apS-v, Iq\v, AwK-tim-jw, Dd-n-m-bva, K`-\m-iw, ip-\m-iw, B-h-\m-iw, Ahn-S-hn-S-bmbn hnd-b, Xcn-v, inc-v--aq-v--I-v--I-gp-nsc kn--I-gp-Xv Fn-hn-S--fn Dn Ipn-t\m-hv, ico-c-n BsI ]nfp--Xp-t]m-se-bp thZ\, Ipn-t\m-hv, ico-c-ttbm Ah-b-h--tftbm FSp-s-dn-b-s-Sp-I, tamlm-e-kyw, Xf Fo e-W- tIm]n hmbp Dm-p--Xm-Ip-p. hmbp tIm]n-p-hm-\p Imc-W-hn-ti-jw-sImpw tIm]n- m\-hn-ti-jw-sImpw hnhn-[-hn-[-n-ep hmX-tcm-K- Dm-Ip--Xm-Wv.

X{X-tIm-jvTm-{intX ZpjvtS \n{K-tlm-aq-{X-htkmx
{h-lr-t{ZmK Kpamix ]miz-iqew N amcp-tX.
15

hmbp tIm{in-X-ambn Zpjn-m ae-aq-{X-v XS-w, {h[v\-tcm-Kw, (C-Xns eWw kq{X-m\w 28-mw Aym-b-n ]d-n-p-v.) lrt{Zm-Kw, Kp, Ai-v, ]miz-iqe Fn-h-bp-m-Ipw.

kmwK Ip]o-tX-hmtX Km{X-kv^p-cW `RvPt\
thZ-\m`nx ]co-Xm kv^pS-o-hmky k-bx.
16

hmbp kmwKw Ip]n-X-am-b-Xn ico-c-n sNdnb Ne-\-ap-m-hp-Ibpw ]nfp--Xp-t]mse tXmp-Ibpw tcmKnv kn-I thZ-\-sImv Npd-d-s--Xmbpw s]mn-p--Xp-t]m-sebpw tXmp-Ibpw sNpw.

{Ktlm-hnaq-{X-hm-Xm\mw iqem-[vam-\miva icmx
PwtLmcp {XnI-]mhrjvT tcmK-timYu KptZ-n-tX.
17

Zqjn-X-amb hmbp KpZ-n nXn-sN-p--Xm-bm aehpw aq{Xhpw At[m-hm-bphpw XS-bp-Ibpw thZ-\bpw hb-dzopw Aiva-cnbpw Dm-hp-Ibpw IW-m, XpS, Ac-s-v, Imev, ]pdw Fn-hn-S-fn thZ-\bpw hohpw Dm-hp-Ibpw sNpw.

cqIv]mtizm-Zc lrm-t`-kvXr-jvtWm-ZvKmc hnjq-NnImx
Iwkx IWvTmky timj izmk-m-am-ib ntX.
18

Zqjn-X-amb hmbp Bam-i-b-n nXn-sN-p--Xm-bm ]miz-`mKw (hm-cn--), hb-dv, lrZ-bw, \m`n Fo m\--fn thZ-\, Zmlw, G-en-Sp-I, hnjq-Nn-I, Imkw hmbpw, sXmbpw hc-fp-I, izmk-tcmKw Fn-h-bp-m-Ipw.

]Izm-i-btm ƒ{-IpPw iqem-tSm]u Itcm-XnN
Ir{-aq{X ]pco-jXz am\mlw {XnI-th-Z\mw
t{im{Xm-Zn-Yzn-{n-b-h[w IpcymZv ZpjvS-k-ao-cWx.
19

hmbp tIm]np ]Izm-i-b-n nXn-sN-bvXm hb-dn-c-, hb-d-dnth-Z-\, hmbp i_vZ-tm-Sp-IqSn hb-d-dn Npd-dn-\-S-p-I, aq{X-Ir-{w, ae-_-w, hb-dzov, A-I-s-ns ]n`m-K-n thZ\ Fn-h-bp-m-Ipw.

sNhn, Iv, aqv apX-emb Ah-b-h--fn tIm]n--Xmb hmbp AX-mXn-{n-b--fpsS {]h\s \in-n-pw.

XzKv cqm k ^pSnXm kz]v\m Irim IrjvWm NpXp-ZytX
BX-\ytX kcm-KmN ]-cp-z-tX ƒ\n-te.
20

hmXw tIm]np N-n nXn-sN-bvXm N-n\v ]cp-]-cpv, Iod, Xcn-v, Iri-X, Idpv \ndw, Ipn-t\m-hv, tXmev Xqn-b-Xp-t]mse tXmp-I, Nph-p-\n-dw, kn-I-fn thZ\ Fn-h-bp-m-Ipw.

cpP-kvXo{hmx k km]m sshhyw Iri-Xm-cpNnx
Kmt{XN cqwjn `pky kvXw`m krtX ƒ\n-te.
21

hmXw tIm]np c-n nXn-sN-bvXm ITn\ thZ-\bpw NqSpw \nd-t`-Zhpw Iri-Xbpw Acp-Nnbpw ico-c-n h-p-p-Ifpw Blmcw Ign-m hbdv kvXw`-\hpw Dm-Ipw.

KpwKw XpZy-tX-Xyw ZWvU-ap-jvSn-l-Xw-bYm
kcp-Iv{i-an-X-a-Xyw amwk-tatZm KtX-\nte
22

hmXw-tIm-]np amwk-ntem taZ-ntem nXn-sN-p--Xm-bm ico-c-n\v I\hpw AXn-bmb Ipn-t\mhpw hSn-sImtm IvsImtm ASn-p--Xp-t]m-se-bp thZ-\bpw AXn-bmb oWhpw Dm-Ip--Xm-Wv.

t`tZmn ]Wmw knqew amwk-_-e-bx
Akz]v\x k-Xm-cp-IvNX amn Ip]n-tX-\n-te.
23

a-tbtbm An-tbtbm B{i-bnp hmXw tIm]n-m An-bnepw kn-I-fnepw ]nfp--Xp-t]m-se-bp thZ-\bpw kn-I-fn Ipn-t\mhpw amwkhpw _ehpw bn-p-Ibpw Dd--an-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw ico-c-n Ftmgpw thZ-\-bp-m-hp-Ibpw sNpw.

n{] apXn _[v\m-Xn-ip{Iw K`-a-Ym-]nhm
hnIrXnw P\-tb-m]n ip{Ix Ip]ntXm ƒ\n-ex.
24

hmXw tIm]np ip-[m-Xp-hn nXn-sN-bvXm ssaYp-\-n ipw W-n {khn-p-t]m-hp-Itbm hfsc IqSp-X Xma-knp {khn-p-Itbm sNpw. A{]-Imcw kv{Xom-sW-n K`w Ae-kn-tm-hp-Itbm amkw XnI-mepw {]k-hn-m-Xn-cn-p-Itbm sNpw. AYhm iphpw K`hpw km[m-cW {]Ir-X-a-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw sNpw. (A-Yhm hmX-Zq-jn-X-am-b. iq-n kw`-hn-p K`w Ae-kn-tm-hp-Itbm amkw ]qn-bmbn {]k-hn-p-I-bm-sW-n AwK-ssh-I-ey-ap km\w P\n-p-Itbm sNp-sa-w.)

_mlym-`y--c-am-bm-aw-Jow Ip_vP-Xz-tah N
km-ssK-ImwK tcmKmw Ipcym kv\mbp-K-tXm-\nex
25

hmXw tIm]np kv\mbp--fn {]m]n-m _ln-cm-bm-aw, A-cm-bm-aw, Jo Fo hmX-tcm-K-fpw Iq\pw kmw-K-tcm-Khpw GImw-K-tcm-K-hp-ap-m-Ipw.

ico-cw-a--cp-Ivtim-YJw ipjy-Xn-kv]-tX ]nhm
kp]vXm-kvXt\zm altXym hmkn-cm-hm-tX-kn-cm-K-tX.
26

hmbp tIm]np knc-Isf {]m]n-m ico-c-n apgp-h sNdnb thZ-\bpw Aev]w \ocpw Dm-hp-Ibpw AYhm timjn-p-Ibpw sNdnb hnd-b-ep-m-hp-Ibpw sNpw. Xcn-p-m-hp-Ibpw sNdpXpw hep-Xp-amb Rc-p-I s]mn-\n-evp-Ibpw sNpw.

hmX-]q-[rXn kv]ix timYx kn-K-tX-\nte
{]km-c-Wm-Ip--\tbmx kn-hr-n thZ\m
CXypw \m-t`-tZ\ hmtbm--W-ta-h-N.
27

tIm]n hmXw kn-I-fn-em-bm AhnsS \ocp-m-Ipw. B \ocn sXmp-t\m-n-bm Imddv \nd tXmk-n-t]m-se-bn-cn-pw. ssIIm-ep-I apX-emb Ah-b-h- \op-hm\pw aS-p-hm\pw Ign-bm-Xm-Ipw, thZ-\-bp-m-hp-Ibpw sNpw. C{]-Imcw Zqjn-X-amb hmbp-hn\v m\-t`-Zw-sIm-p-m-Ip e-W- ]d-b-s-p.

AXn-hrx ico-cm-ta-Iw-hmbpx {]]-ZytX
bZm-X-tZm-]-tim-jym-kr-Iv_mlpw ]mZ--Pm-\pN
Xkvan ktm-N-b-Xyt apJw Pnw Itcm-Xn-NX
h{Io-I-tcm-Xn-\m-km{`q eem-Sm-n-l-\p-kvXYm
XZm-h{Iw {hP-Xymtky ƒt`m-P\ h{I-\m-knIw
kvX_v[w-t\{Xw IY-bXx h-Yp-X \nKr-lytX
Zo\m-Pnlzm kapn]vXm ƒ^em kXn Nmky-hmIv
Zm--en _tytX {ih-tW-`n-Zy-tX-kzcx
]mZ-l-kvXm-n-Pw-tLmcp iwJ-{i-h-K-WvU-cpIv
At-X-kvan apJmthm tIh-e-kym XZn-Xw.
28

An-X-e--Ww--A-Xyw hn--Xmb hmbp ico-c-nsc Hcp `mKv ]Ip-Xn-tZ-ls Ftm {]m]n-p-pthm Atm B `mK-n chpw Ipw Imepw appw timjn-nv hf-bp-Ibpw ]Ip-Xn-`mKw apJw Hcp `mK-tv tImSn-tm-hp-Ibpw sNp--Xm-Ip-p. AXp-t]m-se-Xs aqpw {`qa-{]-tZ-igpw s\d-dn--Shpw Ipw XmSnbpw Hcp `mK-tv hf-p-t]m-Ip--Xm-Wv, apJw hf--Xp-sImv `Ww Ign-p--Xn\v in-bp-m-Ip--X-. kwkm-cn-p-tm aqv hf-bp-Ibpw Iv kvXw`n-p-Ibpw sNpw. Xp hm XpmsX XS-p-t]m-Ipw. \mhhv F{X {hbm-k-sp s]mn-p-hm {ian-mep \njv]-e-am-hp-Ibpw ZpxJn-X-\m-hp-Ibpw sNpw. AXp-sImv F{X {ian-mepw Ahs hmv ]pd-tv hcp--X-. ]p-I Cf-Ip--Xm-bn-cn-pw. sNhn tIp--X-. H-b-S-p-m-Ipw. Iv, Im, Iv, IW-m, XpS, iwJ-{]-tZ-iw, sNhn, Ihn-SNw Fn-hn-S--fn thZ-\-bp-m-Ipw. Cu ]d e-W- ico-c-n ]Ip-Xn-`m-Ktm AYhm tIhew apJ-ns ]Ip-Xn-`m-Ktm Dm-Ip--Xn\v AnXw Fv ]d-bp-p. C{]-Imcw ico-c-ns ]Ip-Xn-`m-K-p-m-Ip-Xv Amw-K-hm-Xhpw apJ-p-m-Ip-Xv An-X-hp-am-sW-mWv kp{ip-X-n ]d-n-cn-p--Xv.

at\y-kw-{in-Xy-hmtXm ƒ-cy-Zm-\mUox {]]-ZytX
a\ym-kvXw-`w-XZw Ipcym-Z--cm-bma kwIw
A-cm-bm-aytX {Kohm-a-\ymN kvXw`y-tX-`riw
Zm\mw Zwi\w emem ]rjvSm-t]x intcm-{Klx
Prw`m-h-Z\ kwK-m-]y--cm-bma eWw
CXyp kvXz-cm-bm-a-x..............................................
29

hmXw tIm]np Igp-ns ]nn Ccp-]p-d-hp-ap Rc-p-I-fn (a-\y-I-fn) B{i-bnp \nnv Ftm a\ym-kw-_-n-bmb \mUn-I-fnqSn Dn {]th-in-p-pthm Atm A-cm-bmaw Fv ]d-bp a\ym-kvXw`w Dm-Ipw. CXn Igpv AI-tv (s\-ns `mK-tv) hen-bp-Ibpw a\y IqSp-X-embn kvXw`n-p-Ibpw sNpw. ]v ISn-sI-n-tm-Ipw. hmbn\nv sh-sam-gp-Ipw. ]pdw hfp s]mn-\n-evpw. Xe Cf-p-hm Ign-bp--X-. tImp-hm-bn-Spw. hmb IqSn-bn-cn-pw. AXm-bXv hmb Xpd-m hnj-a-am-bn-cn-pw. Chbpw A-cm-bma e-W-am-Ip-p. C{]-Imcw A-cm-bmaw ]d-b-sp (kp-{ip-X-n a\ym-kvXw-`hpw A-cm-bm-ahpw {]tXy-Iw {]tXy-I-amWv ]d-n-p--Xv., IqSmsX addv Nne a\ym-kvXw`w A-cm-bm-a-nsc ]q-cq-]-am-sWpw ]d-bp-p-v.

.......................................................-........_-ln-cm-bma DNy-tX.
]rjvT-a-\ym-{inXm _mlymx timj-bn-Xzm-kn-cm-_eo
XXx Ipcym--\p-kvXw`w _ln-cm-bma kIw
Nm]-h-may am\ky ]rjvT-tXm-\obtXincx
Dc-D n]ytX a\ym-kvX_v[m {Kohm-N-ar-ZytX
Zm\mw Zwi\w Pr `mem-em-{km-h hm{lx
PmX-thtKm \nl-tyj sshIeyw hm {]b--Xn.
30

C\n _ln-cm-bm-as ]d-bp-p. ]rjvT-`m-Kpw (]p-d-pw) a\y-bnepw B{i-bnp \nevp--Xmb _e-hm-\mb hmbp ]pd-sa-bp--Xmb knc-Isf timjn-n-nv _ln-cm-bmaw Fv ]d-bp l\pkvXw`s Dm-pw. CXn hnp-t]mse hf-bp tcmKn-bpsSincv ]pd-ns `mK-tv hen-bpw. s\v Dbp-\nevpw a\ykvXw`npw Igp-n an-p--Xp-t]m-se-bp ]oU-bp-m-Ipw. ]v ISn-sI-pw. tImp-hm-bn-Spw. hmbn\nv sh-sam-gp-Ipw. hmv XS-b-sSpw Cu e-W-fpw Dm-Ipw. Cu _ln-cm-bma thK-ap-m-bm a\p-jy acn-p-Itbm AwK-ssh-I-ey-ap--h-\m-bn-o-cp-Itbm sNpw. (C-Xn\v Nne[\p-kvXw-`-sapw ]d-p-Im-Wp-pv.)

l\p-apte ntXm _m {kwk-b-Xy-\n-tem-l\q
hnhr-Xm-ky-Xz-a-Yhm Ipcym kwhr-X-am-\\w
l\p-{K-l kwkvXw`y lap-kw-hrX h{-Xmw.
31

XmSn-sb-ns aqe-m-\-n nXn-sN-p hmbp tIm]np AXns cp-`m-K-p _-n\nv XmSn-sb-ns\ m\-{`-jvS-am--Itbm inYn-e-am-p-Itbm sNp-p. Atm hmb Xpdp \np-t]m-hp-Itbm AYhm ASp\n-p-t]m-hp-Itbm sNpw. hmb Xpd-p-\n-mepw AS-p-\n-p-t]m-bmepw cn\pw l\p-{K-l-satm l\p-kvXw-`-satm ]d-bp--Xm-Ip-p.

aplpap-lp-m-n-]Xn Km{Xm-Wym-t-]tIm ƒ\nex
]mWn-]m-ZuN kwtim-jy-k-kncmx kv\mbq-I-WvUcmx.
32

tIm]n hmbp Iv, Im, knc-I, kv\mbp-, IWvU-c-I Chsb timjn-n-nv Ah-b-h-sf IqsS-qsS FSp-s-dn-b-s-Sp--Xn\v Bt-]-hmXw Fv ]d-b-s-Sp-p.

]mWn-]m-Z-incx ]rjvT-t{imWox kvXw`v\m-Xn-am-cpXx
ZWvU-h kvXw`-Km-{Xky ZWvUIx tkm ƒ\p-]-{Iax.
33

tIm]np hmbp ssIIm-ep-I, inc-v, ]rjvT-`mKw, Ac-sv Fn-hsb kvXw`n-np ico-cs hSn-t]m-se-bmn kvXw`n-n-p--Xn\v ZWvUIw Fv ]d-bp-p. CXv Akm-y-am-bn-p--Xm-Wv. (C-Xn\v ZWvUm-]-Xm-\Iw Fpw ]d-bpw.)

kzx kymZn-Xm-Zo\mw aplpth-tK-KtX ƒKtc
]oUytX ]oU-ss\-kvssX-kvssX `nj-tK-Xm hnh-tb.
34

An-XmZn tcmK--fpsS hopw hopw Dm-Ip tZmj-thKw ian-m tcmKn kz-\m-Ip--Xm-Wv. tZmj-thKw hopw hopw Dm-Ip-Xv ian-m-Xn-cp-m tcmKn AXm-bXv tcmK--fpsS hnIm-c--tf-smv ]oUn-p--XmWv. hopw hopw Dm-Ip An-XmZn tcmKsf sshZy hn--Ww.

lssXzIw amcpXx ]w ZnWw hma-tah hm
ItcmXn tNjvSm-hn-cXnw cpPw-hm-IvkvXw-`-ta-h-N.
35

hmbp tIm]np ico-c-ns CStm hetm GsX-nepw Hcp ]Ip-Xn-`m-K-ns Fm {]h-\--tebpw \in-n-nv bmsXmcp Ne-\-tbpw Cm-Xm-p-Ibpw thZ-\bpw hmn\v XS-hpw Dm-p-Ibpw sNp--Xm-Ip-p. CXn\v ]-h[w As-n ]m-LmXw Fv ]d-bp-p.

Krlo-Xzmw ico-c-ky-kncmx kv\mbp hntim-jyN
]mZw ktm-N-b-tXyIw lkvXw hmtXmZqe-Ir
GImw-K-tcmKw Xw hnZym ]h-\m Ipi-tem-`n-jIv
kU-mw-K-tcmKw XZz k-tZ-lm-\ptK ƒ\n-te.
36

hmbp tIm]np ico-c-ns ]Ip-Xn-`m-Ks {]m]n-nv knc-I-tfbpw kv\mbp--tfbpw timjn-np B `mKs Hcp Imen-t\tbm AYhm Hcp Ittbm Npcp-n--f-bp--Xm-Ip-p. CXn Ipn-t\mhpw thZ-\bpw Dm-Ipw. CXns\ ka-\mb thZy hmX-tIm-]w-sIm-p-mb GImwK hmX-tcm-K-am-sWv a\-n-em--Ww. AXp-t]m-se-Xs hmbp tIm]np ico-c-s-ap-gp-h B{I-an-p--Xn\v kmwK hmX-tcmKw Fv ]d-bp-p.

kv^nIv]qm IpSn-]r-jvtTm-cp-Pm\p PwLm-]-Zw-{I-am
Kr{-ko-kvXw-`-cp-tm-ssZ KrlvWmXn kv]-tX-aplpx
hmXm-ZzmX I^m X{m-Ku-c-hm-tcm-N-Im-\zn-Xm.
Jo-Xp-]m-Z-Pw-tLmcp Ic-aq-emh tamS-\o.
37

hmbp tIm]np BZyw Bk-\-nepw ]noSv {Ia-n Ac-s-v, ]pdw, XpS, apv, IW-m, ]mZw Fn-hn-S--enepw kvXw`-\w, thZ-\, Ipn-t\mhv Ch Dm-hp-Ibpw IqsS-qsS kv]-\-ap-m-hp-Ibpw sNpw. CXv tIh-e-hm-Xw-sIm-p-m-Ip Kr{-kn-bm-Ip-p. hmX--I-^-Zq-jn-X-am-bp-m-Ip Kr{-kn-bn aSnbpw Kpcp-Xbpw Acp-Nnbpw IqSn-bp-m-Ip--Xm-Wv. hmbp-tIm-]np ]mZw, IW-m-ev, XpS, Ic-aqew Fo Ah-b-h-sf ]nfp--Xp-t]m-se-bp thZ-\-bp-m-p--Xn\v Jn Fv ]d-bp-p.

m\-\m-am-\p-cq-ss]--enwssKx tijm hn\nn-ti
kt-tjz-tXjp kwkw ]n-ssZy-cp] e-tb.
38

ChnsS ]d-bm tij-ap hmX-tcm-K-sf m\w, t]cv, kmZriyw Fn-h-I-tf-smpw e-W--tf-smpw a\-n-em--Ww. Cu ]d Fm-hn[ hmX-tcm-K--fnepw ]nw, I^w, cw Fo tZmj--fpsS kwkw Ah-bpsS tIm]-e--Ww-sImv \n-bn--Ww.

hmtbmvXp--bm tImt]m-am-kym-h-c-tW-\-N-KX
hmX-]n--I-^m-tZtl k-t{kmtXm ƒ\p-Km-an\x
hmbp-tc-hln kqva-Xzm-ztbm kvX{Xm-]yp-Zo-cWx
I]n-XkvXu kap-qb X{X-X-{Xm-n-] KZm
IcvXym-hrX am-Xzm ckm-Zo-tm] timj-tb.
39

hmbp-hn\v tIm]w [mXp--bw-sImpw am-n-\p-m-Ip Bh-c-Ww-sImpw Dm-Ip--Xm-Wv. hmX-]n I^- ico-c-n k-tkm-cvX-p-I-fnepw Hcp-anp k-cn-p-Xm-Wv. Fm hmbp-X-s-bmWv AXns kqva-Xzw-sImv ]n-I-^-sf t{kmtXm am--fn \bn-p--Xv. AXp-sImv Ip]n-X-amb ]n-I-^- hnp t{kmtXm-am--fn Bh-c-W-ap-m-p-I-\n-anw FhnsS FhnsS hmbp XS-b-s-Sp-pthm AhnsS AhnsS Ah-b-h- FSp-s-dn-bp--Xp-t]m-ep tcmK- Dm-p-Ibpw ckmZn [mXp-sf timjn-n-p-Ibpw sNp--Xm-Ip-p.

enwKw-]n-X-Im-X-hrtX Zml-kvXr-jvWm-iq-ew-{`ax ax
ISzavf eh-tWm-jvssW hnZmlx ioX-Im-anXmx.
40

hmX-n\v ]n-ns Bh-c-W-ap-m-bm Npp-\o-d, Zmlw, Ipn-t\m-hv, Xe-Np-d-d, oWw, Fo e-W-fpw Fcn-hv, ]pfn, Dv, NqSv Fn-h-bp {Zhy-lvl Ign-m Dp-gppw XWp-n B{K-lhpw Dm-Ipw.

ssiXy-Ku-ch iqem\n ISzm-Zyp-]-itbm ƒ[nIw
ewL-\m-bmk cqtm-jvW-Im-a-XmN I^m-hr-tX.
41

hmXw I^m-hr-X-am-bm ssiXyw, ico-c-`m-cw, Ipn-t\mhv Fn-h-bp-m-hp-Ibpw ISq-jvWmZn {Zhy--tf-smv ia-\-ap-m-hp-Ibpw D]-hm-kw, ico-cm-bm-kw, cq-X, DjvWw Fn-h-bn B{K-l-ap-m-hp-Ibpw sNpw.

cm-hrtX k Zmlmn kvXzMv amwkm--c-tbm`riw
`thk-cmKx izb-YpPm-bt aWvU-em-\n-N.
42

hmXw cm-hr-X-am-bm N-n-tbpwamwk-n-tbpw ay-N Npp-\o-d-tem-Sp-IqSn AXyw ]oU-bp-m-Ipw. Nph-p-\n-d-tm-Sp-Iq-Snb tim^-ap-m-Ipw. h-n-W-cp-I Dm-hp-Ibpw sNpw.

ITn-\m hnhm ]nUImx izb-Yp-kvXYm
ljx ]n]o-en-Im-\m-RVvN kwkmc Ch amwk-tK.
43

hmXw amwkm-hr-X-am-bm ImTn-\y-ap-Xpw h-t`-Z-ap--Xp-amb ]nU-I-I, tim^w, tcmam-w, ico-c-n Ddpv Ccn-bp--Xp-t]mse tXmpI Fn-h-bpmIpw.

Nex kv\nKvtm-arZpx ioXx timt^m ƒwtK-jz-cp-Nn-kvXYm
BVym-hmX CXn-tbx k Irt{m taZ-km-hrXx
44

taZ-n Bhr-X-amb hmX-n ico-c-n k-cn-p-sIm-n-cn-p-Xpw kv\nKv-X-bp-Xpw arZp-Xz-ap-Xpw ioX-f-hp-amb tim^w Dm-hp-Ibpw sNpw. CXn\v BVy-hmXw Fv ]d-bpw. CXv Ir{ kmy-am-Ip-p.

kv]i-a-ym-hr-tX-XqjvWw ]oU-\-m-c-]n-\-Xn
kw`-PytX koZ-XoN kpNo-`ncnhXp-Zy-tX.
45

Aym-hr-X-amb hmX-n DjvW kv]i-nepw icocw sRp--Xnepw B{Klw Dm-hp-Ibpw icocw s]mn-\p-dp-p--Xp-t]mse tXmp-Ibpw Xf-bp-m-hp-Ibpw ico-c-n kqNn Xd-n-p--Xp-t]msebp thZ-\-bp-m-hp-Ibpw sNpw.

am-hrtX hn\-a-Xn-Prw-`tX ]cn-tN-jvStX
iqe--]o-Uy-am-t\N ]mWn-`ymw-e-`-tX-kp-Jw.
46

a-bn Bhr-X-amb hmX-n icocw Dtmv hf-bp-Ibpw tImp-hmb CSp-Ibpw Dcp-p-I-b-d-d-ap-m-hp-Ibpw Ipn-t\m-hp-m-hp-Ibpw sNpw. ssIsImv ico-c-n sRn-bm tcmKnv kpJw tXmp-Ibpw sNpw.

ip{I-thtKm ƒXn-th-tKm-hm-kn-jv^-e-Xz ip{ItI
`pt-Ipu cpPm-Pot-im-ay-y-m-hrtX ƒ\nte
47

ip-K-X-amb hmX-n AYhm ipm-hr-X-amb hmX-n ipwkvXw`n-p-Itbm AXn-thKw {khn-p-Itbm km-t\m-ev]m-Z-\-tijn Cm-Xm-hp-Itbm sNpw. Blm-cm-hr-X-amb hmX-n Blmcw IgnDSs\ hb-d-dn thZ-\-bp-m-hp-Ibpw Blmcw Zln-mthZ\ ian-p-Ibpw sNpw.

aq{Xm-{]-hr-n-cm-[vam\w hkvXu-aq-{Xm-hrtX ƒ\nte
htkm ƒXn hn_-tm[x tkzmt\ ]cn-Ir-Xn
{hP-Xymip Pcmw-kvt\tlm `pt-Nm-\-ly-tX-\cx
Nncm ]oUn-X-at \ ZpxJw ipjvIw iIrkr-tP
t{imWn-hw-W ]rjvtTjp cpKzn-tem-a amcpXx
Akzw lrZ-b-ssh h-km-Xzm-hr-tX-\n-te.
48

aq{Xm-hr-X-amb hmX-n aq{X-{]-h\w Cm-Xm-hp-Ibpw hkvXn hop-Ibpw sNpw. aem-hr-X-amb hmX-n aewAt[m-`m-Kv t]mIp--Xn\v AXm-bXv ]pd-tv t]mIp--Xn\v AXn-bmb XS--ap-m-Ipw. ae-ns kzm-\-n AXm-bXv ]Izm-i-b-n apdn-p--Xp-t]m-se-bp thZ-\-bp-m-Ipw. kvt\l-{Zhyw Ign-mW-n Zln-pw. Blmcw Ign-m tcmKn-bpsS hbdvhop-Ibpw sNpw. Blm-cw-sImv hb-d-dn k-ap-m-bm hfscXma-knpw tinpw ipjvI-amb aew ]pd-tv t]mIpw. Bk-\w, Ib-e, ]pdwFn-hn-S-fn thZ-\-bp-m-Ipw. hmbp-hns KXn{]Xn-tem-a-am-Ipw. lrZ-b-n\v Akzm-y-ap-m-hp-Ibpw sNpw.

Km{X-ttjm l\p-kvXw`x I\w I_vP-XmnXw
kn-NypXnx ]-h[x ]mwKpeyw JpU-hm-XXm
kvXw`\w NmVy-hm-X tcmKm-a-m-n-Km-tb
GtX-m-\-kyKm `ncym bXv\m kny-n-hm-\hm
\hm _e-h-X-kvXz-Xm km[-tb-n-cp-]-{Z-hm.
49

Km{X-t-jvaw, l\p-kvXw-`w, Ip-\w, Ip_vPw, Bn-Xw, kn-Nyp-Xn, ]-h-[w, ]wKp, JpU-hm-Xw (k-n-K-X-hm-Xw), kvXw`-\w, BVy-hm-Xw, am-K-X-hm-Xw, An-K-X-hmXw Fo hmX-tcm-K- Ah-bp-m-Ip m\--fpsS Kmw`o-cyw-sImv hfsc {]b-Xv\n-NXvNp NnIn-n-m am{Xta kpJ-s-Sp-I-bp-p. NnInkn-msX Dt] sNbvXm Akm-y-am-bn-o-cp-Ibpw sNpw. _e-hm-\mb a\p-jy-\n ]pXp-Xm-bn-p-m-bXp ad-dp-]-{Z-hym-[n-I-fn-m--Xp-am-sW-n Cu ]d hmX-tcm-K-sf Ffp--n NnIn-np amd-dm-hp--Xm-Wv.

{Inbm-aXx ]cw-knmw hmX-tcm-Km-]-lmw-ir-Wp.
tIhew \ncp-]-kvXw-`-amZu kvt\ssl-cp-]u-N-tc
hmbp kn hkm-ssXe a-]m-ss\ \cw-XXx
kvt\l-mw kam-izm-ky-]-tbm`nx kvt\l-tb]p\x
bqssj{Km-aymw-_p-Pm-\q] csskhm kvt\l-kw-bpssXx
Iri-cm-]m-bsskx kmavf-e-hssWx km\p-hm-kss\x
\mh-ss\-kvX-ssW-mssx kpkv\nKvw tkzZ-tbXpXw
kz`yw kvt\l kwbp-ss \mUo-{]-kvXc ksscx
XYm-ss\y hnhn-ss[tcym ssKcy-Ym-tbm-K-ap-]m-N-tc.
50

C\n hmX-tcm-K-sf ian-n-p ^e-{]-Z-amb NnIn ]d-p-Xcmw tIp-[-cn-p-sIm-pI addv tZmj--fpsS Ien-m-Xpw asddm-n-tbpw Xmn-m--Xp-amb hmX-Xs BZyw-Xs kvt\l-{Z-hy--tf-smv D]-tbm-Kn--Ww, AXn\v s\v, hk, ssXew, a Ch D]-N-cn--Ww. Ch tkhn-p-I-\n-anw kvt\l-P-\y-amb oWw Dm-hp-I-bm-sW-n B tcmKnsb AXn-\p-tijw kvt\l-]m\w \nn Biz-kn-n-nv hopw oc-]m\w sImpw s\v tNp bqj-sImpw {Ka-Po-hn-I-fp-tSbpw Pe-Po-hn-I-fp-tSbpw B\q-]-Po-hn-I-fp-tSbpw amwk-c-k-sImpw Ftm-dvsImpw ]mtm-dvsImpw Aev]mev]w ]pfn-c-khpw Dpw tNp kvt\l-h-kvXn-sImpw kvt\l-\-kyw-sImpw Xr]vXn-I-c-amb Blm-c-sImpw kv\nKvX hcp--Ww. C{]-Imcw sNbvXp \-hw kv\nKv-X-h tcmKnsb tZl-nU \-h-Cw sagp-n-p-sImv kvt\l-{Z-hy- tNp \mUo-tkz-Zw, {]kvX-c-tkz-Zw, kctkzZw Fo tkzZ-{]-tbm-K-sImv hnb-n--Ww. Cu ]d--Xn-s\mw AXm-Xn--\p-k-cn hn[-n-ep addv hnhn-[--fmb tbmK-fpw D]-tbm-Kn-mw.

kvt\lmw kzn-aw-KwXp h{Iw kvX_v[-a-Ym-]nhm
iss\ \a-bn-Xpw-iIyw btYjvSw ipjvI-Zm-cp-h.
51

hftm kvXw`ntm Ccn-p ico-cs kv\nKvX hcpn hnbnp kmh-[m-\-n hf-m CjvSw-t]mse hf-p-hm Ign-bpw. F{]-Im-c-sa-m--D-W-nb Npn--p-I-fn F-]p-cn NqSm-n-bm CjvSw-t]mse hf-m Ign-bp--Xp-t]m-se.

lj-tXm-Z-cp-Km-bma timY-kvXw` {Klm-Zbx
kzn-kymip {]im-ayn amhw tNm] Pmb-tX.
kvt\l [mXq kwip-jvIm ]pjvWmXy ip {]tbm-Pn-Xx
_e-a-n-_ew ]pjvSnw {]mWw-Nm-kym`n h-tb.
52

s]cp-v, Ipn-t\m-hv, thZ-\, tImn-h-en, \ocv, kvXw`-\w, ]nSpw apX-emb hnIm-c- hnbnp Ign--h\v DSs\ ian-p-Ibpw Ah-b-h-v arZpXzw Dm-hp-Ibpw sNp-p. kvt\lhpw th-Xp-t]mse D]-tbm-Kn-p--Xm-bm Xotc timjn-p-t]mb [mXp-sf DSs\ t]mjn-n-p-p. kvt\lw D]-tbm-Kn-h\v ico-c-_-ew, An-_-ew, ico-c-]p-jvSn, {]mW-in Fn-h-tbbpw hn-n-pw.

Ak-Ir-w-]p\x kvt\sslx tkzssZ--]yp-]-]m-Z-tb
XYm-kvt\-l-arZu tImjvtT\ XnjvTy \nem-abmx
53

AXp-sImv hmX-tcm-Knsb hopw hopw ]e-{]m-h-iy-ambn kvt\l-{]-tbm-K-sImpw tkzZ-{]-tbm-K-sImpw kwkvIr-Xmw-K-\m--Ww. A{]-Imcw sNbvXm kvt\lw-sImv arZp-hm-bn-o tImjvT-n hmX-tcm-K- \nevp--X-.

bZy-t\\ k tZmj-Xzm IavWm\ {]im-ayXn
arZp`nx kvt\l-kw-bp-ss t`j-i-ssPkvXw hntim-[-tb
54

tim[-\o-b-amb tZmjw Dn-en-cn-pI ImcWw Cu ]d kvt\l-tkzZ {]tbm-K--tf-smv hmX-tcmKw ian-m-Xn-cn-p-I-bm-sW-n arZp-Kp-W-apXpw kvt\lw tN-Xp-amb tim[-\u-j-[--tf-smv B hmX-tcm-Knsb hntc-Nn-n--Ww.

LrXw Xnez-I-knw hm kmX-fm-kn--tah hm
]b-tky-c-WvU-ssXew hm ]nt_-tm-j-l-cw-in-hw.
55

hntc-Nn-n-p-hm Xnez-I-ns tXmev Iqn-m-nbs\tm N-e--tmev Iqn-m-nb s\tm ]men Bh-W-s tNtm IpSn--Ww. CXv tZmjsft]mpw awK-f-I-c-hp-am-Wv.

kv\nKvmavf eh-tWm-jvWm-ssZy-cm-lm-ssc lna-e-nXx
t{kmtXm-_-[-\m-XnXw cpzm-X-kvam Xa-\p-tem-a-tb.
56

kv\nKv-X, ]pfn, Dv, DjvWw apX-em-b-h-bp Blm-c-sImv kn-X-amb aew t{kmX-ns\ AS-nv hmbp-hns\ XS-p-\np-p. AXp-sImv (tim-[\ sNbvXn-v) B XS-p-\n-evp hmbpsh A\p-tem-a-am--Ww.

Zp_-temtbm ƒhn-tcNyx kymXw \ncq-tl-cp-]m-N-tc
]mN-ss\ Zo]-\o-ssbhm t`mP-ss\-kvXZv bpssX\cw
kwip--tkym-n-tX-Nmu kvt\l-tkzZu ]p\ln-Xu.
57

Zp_-e-\mb GsXmcp tcmKn hntc-N-\-l-\-m-Xn-cn-p-pthm B a\p-jys\ ]mN-\o-bhpw Zo]-\o-b-hp-amb Ijm-b-hkvXn {]tbm-K-sImtm ]mN-\o-bhpw Zo]-\o-b-hp-amb {Zhy- tN Blm-c-sImtm D]-N-cn--Ww. GXp hn[-nepw tImjvT-ipn h-h\v An-Zo-]vX-am-hp-Ibpw sNp-tm kvt\l-tkz-Z- hopw {]tbm-Kn-p-Xv \-Xm-Ip-p.

kzmZavf ehWx kv\nKvss[-cm-^msscx kX-Xw-]p\x
\mh-ss\ [qa-]m-ss\ km-t\-thm] ]mZ-tb
CXn-km-am-\yXx t{]mw hmX-tcmK NnInknXw
58

Fm-hn[ hmX-tcm-K--tfbpw hopw XpS-bmbn a[p-cw, ]pfn, Dv, s\v Ch tN Blm-c-sImpw \ky-sImpw [qa-]m-\-sImpw D]-N-cn--Ww. C{]-Imcw s]mXp-sh-bp hmX-tcm-K-Nn-In ]d-b-s-p.

hnti-j-XkvXp tImjvT-t-hmtX mcw-]n-s_-cx
]mN-ss\ Zo]-ss\ bpss-c-avssfhm ]mN-tba-em
59

hmX-ns hntij NnIn---tIm-jvT-n-X-amb hmX-n Ba\p-jy mc-Pew IpSn--Ww. AYhm]mN-\-{Z-hy-fpw Zo]-\-{Z-hy-fpwtNA-]-Zm-sImv aes ]Nn-n--Ww.

KpZ]Izmi-b-tXp Itm-Zm-h-\pnXw
Bam-i-bt ipky bYm-tZm-j-l-co-{In-bm.
60

KpZ-nepw ]Izm-i-b-nepw \np tIm]n-p hmX DZm-h-\m-iI NnInk lnX-am-Ip-p. Bam-i-b-n nXn-sNbvXp tIm]n-p hmX-n On-np Bam-ibw ipn-h--h\v tZmj-tIm-]-n--\p-k-cnp AXmXv tZmjs ian-n-p NnInk sN-Ww.

kmw-K-Ip-]ntX ƒ`yw-tKm-h-kvXbx km\p-hm-k\mx
tkzZm-`yw-Kmh Kmlm lrZyw-NmwXzKm-{in-tX.
61

ico-c-n apgp-h tIm]np \nevp hmn tZl-n sagp-n-Sp-Ibpw Ijm-b-h-kvXnbpw kvt\l-h-kvXnbpw sNp-Ibpw thWw. Ns (c-k-[m-Xpsh B{i-bn-p-\np tIm]n-p hmX-n hnbn-p-I, tZl-n sagp-n-Sp-I, Ah-Km-l-tkzZw (ap-n-bn-cp-n) sNpI Chbpw lrZy-amb Aw `n-p-Xpw \-Xm-Ip-p.

ioXmx {]tZlm c-t-hn-tctIm c-tam-Ww
hntctIm amwk-taZx mdLsvfjtueO Mcvevfh.
62

c-n-X-amb hmX-n ioXu-j-[-sIm-p te]-\-fpw hntc-N-\hpw c-tam--Whpw lnX-am-Ip-p. amwk-ntem taZ-ntem nXn-sNbvXp tIm]n-p hmX-n hntc-N-\hpw Ijm-b-h-kvXnbpw ia-\u-j-[-fpw lnX-am-Ip-p.

_mKym-`y--cXx kvt\ssl-c-n-a--K-Xw-P-tb
ltjm ƒ-]m-\w ip{I-t-_e ip{I-I-cw-lnXw
hn_--amw ZrjvSz-N-ip{Iw ZZymZv hntc-N\w
hncnw {]Xn-`p-ky ]qtmm Imc-tb{In-bmw.
63

An-bntem a-bn-tem-\nv tIm]n-p hmXs ]pdpw AI-p-ambn {]tbm-Kn-p kvt\l-sImv Pbn--Ww. ip-n-X-amb hmX-n lcn#-jW {]tbm-K-fpw _e-tbpw ip-tbpw hn-n-p A-]m-\fpw \-Xm-Ip-p. ipw KXn XSp \nevp-I-bm-sWp Im hntc-Nn-n--Ww. hntc-Nn-n-p-Ibpw AXns t]bm-Zn-{Iaw A\p-jvTn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp-I-gn-m ap]-d lj-WmZn NnInkm-{I-as BN-cn--Ww.

Kt`-ipjvtI hmtX\ _mem-\m-m]n ipjyXmw
knXm-a-[pI Imiva-sscy- loX-ap-m-]-t\-]bx
64

hmX-tIm-]-m K`--amb iniptimjn-p-t]m-Ip--Xnepw timjn-p-t]m-Ip _me-mpw t]mj-Wmw ]-km-cbpw Cc-n-a-[p-chpw Ipap-Zn]-ghpw Cp-Im-nb ]m \-Xm-Ip-p.

lrZn-{]-Ip-]otX kn-aw-ip-a-Xym-]-tbm-lnXw
akym \m`n-{]-tZ-it knm hnez-i-em-Sp`nx
65

lrZ-b-n tIm]n-p hmX-n aqhn-e-thcv tNp-Im-nb ]m \-Xm-Ip-p. \m`n-{]-tZ-ip \np tIm]n-p hmX-n Iqh-f-nsc Cfb Imb tNp ]mI-s-Sp-nb aky-sf D]-tbm-Kn-p-Xv \-Xm-Ip-p.

hmbp-\m-th-jvSy-am-h-t\-Xp-Kmt{X kymZp-]-\m-l\w
ssXew kp-NntX ƒ`yw-tKm-amj ssk-h-km-[n-Xw.
66

hmbp-tIm-]-m ico-c-n Dcp-p-I-b-d-d-ap-m-Ip--Xn-em-Is D]-\m-l-tkzZw sNbvXp (a-cp-p-shp sIn) hnbn--Ww. AwK- tImp-Itbm aS-p-Itbm sNp--Xn Dgppw Cppw tNp Imnb ssXew A`yw-K-n-\p-]-tbm-Kn--Ww.

_mlp-ioj KtX-\kyw ]m\-u-c `nIw
hkvXn-I-Xz-t[m-\mt`x iky-tX-Nm-h-]o-UI.
67

ssII-fnepw inc-nepw tIm]n--Xmb hmX-n \kyw sNp-Ibpw Blmcw Ign--Xns aosX kvt\l-]m\w sNp-Ibpw thWw. \m`n-bpsS Xmsg-bp hmX-tIm-]-n-em-Is hkvXn {]tbm-Khpw Ah-]o-U-I-sa kvt\l-{]-tbm-Khpw AXm-bXv Blm-c-n\v apv kvt\l-]m\w sNp-Xpw \-Xm-Ip-p.

An-tX-\m-h-\w-aqv\n-ssXew X-W-ta-hN
\mUo-tkz-tZm-]-\m-lm-m-]ym-\q] ]nin-ssXlnXmx.
68

An-X-hm-X-tcm-K-n \ky-Ihpw aqm-hn ssXe-{]-tbm-K-hpw ImXnepw Inepw kvt\lw \np-Ibpw sNt--Xm-Wv. B\q-]-amw-kw-sImv \mUo-tkz-Zhpw D]-\m-l-tkz-Zhpw IqSn sNp-Xv \-Xm-Ip-p.

tkzZ\w kvt\l-kw-bpw ]m-LmtX hntc-N\w
A-cm-I-WvU-cm-Kp^w kncm-th-t[mn IN
Kr{-kojp {]bp-RvPo-X, Jymw-Xq-jvtWm-]-\m-l\w
]mbsskx Iri-ssc-ss-h-ikvXw ssXe LrXm-\zn-ssX.
69

]m-Lm-X-n sagp-np hnbn-p-Ibpw hntc-Nn-n-p-Ibpw thWw. Kr{-kn-bn IWvU-c-bp-tSbpw Kp^-n-tbpw ay-n kncm-th-[hpw An-Ihpw sN-Ww. Jn-bn ssXehpw s\pw tN ]mtm-dvsImtm Ftm-dvsImtm DjvtWm-]-\m-l-tkzZw sNp-Xv \-Xm-Wv.

hymZn-Xm-tky-l\pw kzn-aw-Kp-jvTm`ymw {]]o-U-tb
{]tZ-in-\o`ymw tNmmay Nn_p-tIm--a-\w-lnXw
{kkvXw kzwK-a-tbm\w XYm-kzn- \ma-tb
{]tXy-Iw-m\ Zqjym-Zn-{Inbmw k-{X-Im-c-tb.
70

l\p-kvXw` tcmK-n hmbv Xpd-p-X-s-bn-cn-p--Xn XmSn-sb-ns\ sagp-np hnbn-nv sshZy cpNq hnc-ep-sImv XmSn-sb-ns cvkn-bnepw XS-hn-smv cv Nqhn-csImv XmSn taevt]m-p-bp-Xv \-Xm-Wv. Abp XmWp-t]mbXmSn-sb-ns\ hnbn-nv kzm-\v ]nSn-m-p-Ibpw AXp-t]m-se-Xs AS-p-t]m-b-Xmb XmSn-sb-ns\ hnbn-nv ]nSnp Xmgvp-Ibpw sN-Ww. hmX-tcm-K--fn m\w, Zqjyw apX-em-b-h-bpsS hyXym-k-X-n--\p-k-cnp NnInk-bnepw {]tXyIw Nne hnti-j- k{X hcp--Ww.

kn-kvssXe hkm-a ]m\m-`y-RvP-\-h-kvXbx
tkzZ-Z-kv\nKvtm \nhm-X--m\w {]mh-c-Wm-\nN
ckmx ]bmwkn t`mPym\n kzmZzavf eh-Wm-\nN
_rwl-Ww-b--X km {]ikvXw hmX-tcm-Kn-Wmw.
71

s\v, ssXew, hk, a Ch ]m\w sNp-Xpw tZl-n sagp-n-Sp-Xpw hkvXn-I sNp-Xpw hnbn-p-Xpw kv\nKvX hcp-p-Xpw Imddv sImm-Xn-cn-p-Xpw kv\nKvX hcp-p-Xpw Imddv sImm-Xn-cn-p-Xpw In-bp ]pXv ]pX-p-Xpw amwk-k-chpw ]mepw IpSn-p-Xpw a[p-cw, ]pfn, Dv Ch tN Blm-c- Ign-p-Xpw ico-cs t]mjn-n-p GsXmw {Zhy--fptm Ah-sbmw D]-tbm-Kn-p-Xpw hmX-tcm-Kn-Iv \-Xm-Ip-p.

_embmx ]-aq-eky Zi-aq-eky hmctk
AP-iojmw-_p-Pm-\q-]-{I-hymZ ]ninssXx kaw
km[-bn-Xzm-c-km kv\nKvm Z[y-avf-thymj kwkvIr-Xm
t`mP-tb-Zzm-X-tcm-Kmw ssXhy eh-ssW\cw
GssX-tc-thm-]-\m-lmw ]ninssXx kw{]-I-ev]-tb
LrX-ssX-e-bpssXx kmamssfx kzn Ipjp-ss-c-\-n-`nx.
72

Ipdp-tm-n-th-cns Ijm-b-ntem al]--aq-e-ns Ijm-b-ntem Zi-aq-e-ns Ijm-b-ntem Bns Xe, Pe-Po-hn-I, B\q-]-Po-hn-I, amwkw Xnp Pohn-I Fn-h-bn-te-sX-nepw Hns amwkw-tNp ]mIw-sN-bvsX-Spp B amwk-c-ks s\pw ]pfn ssXcpw Npv--ap-f-Iv--Xn--enbpw \-hw Dpw tNp kwkvI-cnp AXp-Iqn hmX-tcmK ]oUn-X-\mb a\p-jys\ Blmcw Ign-n--Ww. Cu ]d amwk-Xs An-\on thhnp Acp s\pw ssXehpw A-{Z-hy-fpw tNp D]-\m-l-tkz-Z-n\v (sh-p-sIn hnbn-p-hm) D]-tbm-Kn--Ww.

]t{XmIzmY ]b-kvssX-e-t{ZmWyx kypc-h-Km-lt\
kz`y-m\mw {]i-kyt tkIm-m-\n-e-tcm-Kn-Wmw.
73

hmX-l-c-amb Ce-I-fn-p-sh Ijm-bw, ]m, ssXew Ch tXmWn-bn \ndp AXn apn-bn-cp-p-Xpw tZl-n sagp-np Ch-sImv [mc-sN-p-Xpw hmX-tcm-Kn-Iv \-Xm-Ip-p.

B\q-]u-Z-amw-km\n Zi-aqew iXm-hcow
Ie-m _Z-cmam-jm Xnem cmkv\m-_-em-b-hm
hkm-Z-[ym-c-\m-fmavssfx kl-Ipw`ymw hn]m-N-tb
\mUo-tkzZw {]bp-RvPo-X-]n-jvssS-m-]yp-]-\m-l\w
ssX-knw LrXw-ssX-e-a-`ywKw ]m\-ta-h-N.
74

B\q-]-amw-kw, Pe-amw-kw, Zi-aq-ew, iXm-h-cn-n-g-v, apXn-c, e-p-cp, Dgp-v, Fv, Ac-, Ipdp-tm-n-th-cv, bhw, hk, ]pfn ssXcv, ]pfn--ImSn Ch-sb-mw-IqSn Hcp ]m{X-n-emn ]mIw-sNbvXp bYm-hn[n \mUo-tkzZw sN-Ww. Ch-sb-mw-IqSn Acp D]-\m-l-tkz-Zhpw sNmw. AYhm Ch-sbmw tNcp--Xp-t]mse tNp s\p-mn tkhn-p-Ibpw ssXew-Imn tXp-Ibpw sNmw. hmX-tcmKw ian-pw.

apkvXw IpjvTw-Xnemx InWzw kpcmlzw eh-Ww-\Xw
Z[n-o-c-NXpx kvt\sslx ikvXw-kym-Zp-]-\m-l-\w.
75

ap-, sImw, Fv, aZy-ns Dud, tZh-Xm-cw, Cp-v, XI-cw, ssXcv, ]m, s\v, ssXew, hk, a Ch-sb-mw-IqSn Acp thhnp shp-sIn hnbn-p-Xv hmX-tcm-K-n\v \-Xm-Ip-p.

Dm-cn-Im-th-i-hmc oc-am-j-Xn-eu-Zss\x
Gc-WvU-_o-PtKm [qa-b-h-tIm-e-n-cm-Zn`nx
kkvt\sslx kcp-Pw-Km-{X-am-en]y _l-ew-`n-jIv
Gc-WvU-]-ss{X _[v\o-bm cm{Xu-Ieyw hntam--tb
ocmw-_p-\m-XXx knw ]p\-ss-thm-]-\m-lnXw
apt-{Zm{Xu Znhm-_w N-`n kptem-a`nx.
76

Dm-cnI (s]m-o-v), thi-hm-cw, ]m, Dgp-v, Fv, tNmdv Chtbm Bh-W-nIp-cp, tKmX-w, bhw, e-p-cp, ncm-Zn-eLp ]-aqew Chtbm Acp s\v tNp tbmPn-np ico-c-n thZ-\-bp ev cm{Xn-bn \ L\-n ]pcn sshZy Bh-W-n-e-sImv s]mXn-p-sI--Ww. cmhnse Agn-p-I-f-b-Ww. Fnv ]mepw shhpw tN-Xp-sImv Igp-In--f--Xn-\p-tijw hopw D]-\m-l-tkzZw sN-Ww. AXv ]I acp-p-sh-p-sI-p-Ibpw cm{Xn FSpp If-bp-Ibpw thWw. sIp-hm tcma-ap Nw D]-tbm-Kn-p-I-bpw thWw. (th-i-hmcw A\y{X \nc-n-]n-inXw ]njvSw kznw KpU-Lr-Xm-\znXw, IrjvWm-a-cnN kwbpw thi-hmc CXn-kvarX CXn.)

^em\mw ssXetbm-\o-\m-a ]njvSm kpio-X-fm
{]tZ-lm-\p-]-\m-lmw Kss hmX-l-ssc]n
Iri-cm-]m-b-ssk-ssh Imc-tb kvt\l-kw-bpXx
77

Fv, IpSIv apX-emb F-hn-p-I shp-ImSn apX-emb A-{Z-hy-n-e-cp ioX-f-te-]-\hpw ioXf D]-\m-lhpw sN-Ww, C{]-Imcw Xs s\v tNp AIn apX-emb hmX-{Z-hy-sImpw Ftm-dp-sImpw te]-\hpw D\ml _-\hpw sN-Ww.

cq-ip-m-\n-emm-\m-aXx kvt\lm {]h-yXn
hnhn-[m hnhn[ hypm[n {]i-am-bm-ar-tXm-]-am
78

C\n cq ico-c-{]-Ir-Xn-mpw addv tZmj--fpsS Bh-c-W-an-m tIhe hmX-tcm-Kn-Ipw hnh[ hn[-n-ep tcmK-i-a-\-n-\mbn Aar-Xn\p Xpey-amb hnh[ hn[-n-ep LrX-tbm-K-sf ]d-bp-p.

t{ZmtW ƒ`kx ]tNZv `mKm\vU Zi-aq-e-N-Xp-jv^-em
bh-tIme Ipe-m-\mw-`mssKx {]tm-anssXx kl
]mZ-ti-j-csskx ]njvssS Poh-\ossbx k icx
XYm-Im-ivamcy Jqc {Zmm-_-Zc ^Kp`nx
k osscx knjx {]x knx tIh-e-hm-X-\p
\nc-Xybx {]tbm-hyw hm\m-`y-RvP\ hkvXn-jp.
79

{Zh-Zzn-Kp-W-Xzm 32CS-gn sh-n- 4]ew Zi-aq-ehpw bhw, e-p-cp, apXn-c Ch Hmtcm CS--gnbpw Ijmbw shp \men-sem-m-bm ]ngncnp AXn Poh-\o-K-Wu-j-[-fpw i-c-bpw-Iqn 8]ewIevw tNp cn-S-gn ]mepw tNp bYm-hn[n ]mIw sNbvsX-Sp--Ww. A{]-Im-cw Zi-aq-emZn Ijm-b-n Ipap-Zn]gw, Cu--gw, apn-cn, e--gw, An-gw Ch Iev-amn cn-S-gn s\pw cn-S-gn ]mepw tNp bYm-hn[n Imn-sb-Sp-Ww. Cu cv tbmK-fpw tIhe hmXs \in-n-pw. tkhn-p-hm\pw tatX-p-hm\pw hkvXn-bnepw {]tbm-Kn-mw. bmsXm-cp-]-{Zhpw Dm-Ip--X-. (c-m-as tbmKw Zi-aq-emZn Ijmbw tNmsI Imiva-cy-Jq-cm-Zn-I Iev-amn s\pw ]mepw tNp Imn-sb-Sp--W-sapw ]-ap-v.

Nn{XIw \mKcw cmkv\mw ]ujvIcw ]neow iSow
]njvSzm hn]m-N-tb knhm-X-tcm-K-lcw ]cw.
80

sImSp-th-cn-n-gv, Npv, Ac-, ]pjv-c-aqew, Xn-en, Iqcw Ch kaw Acp Ievw tNp Iev-ns \men-cn s\pw s\ns \men-cn ip-P-ehpw tNp-Imn Acn-s-Sp-Ww. Cu s\v Gd-dhpw hmX-i-a-\-am-Ip-p.

_em-hn-ez-ir-tX-ntc LrXw hn]m-N-tb
Xky-ipnx {hIptm hm \kyw ioj-KtX ƒ\nte
81

Ipdp-tmnthcpw Iqh-fw-thcpw tNp ]m-jm-b-ap-mn AXn s\bvsfn tNp IXm-n-sb-Sp--Ww. CXv itcm-K-X-hm-X-n Ac--etam Hcp ]etam FSpp \kyw sN-Ww-b. (C-hnsS ]d Hcp ]ehpw Ac--ehpw \ky-ns am{X-bm-sWp tXmp-n-. CXv aqnqSn FSpp hmbnqSn ]pd-tv If-bp-Itbm AYhm aqnqSn IpSn-p-Itbm sNp-I-bmWv th-sXv tXmp-p).

{Kmaym-\p-]u-Z-Im-\m--`n-Xzm-o\n ]tN-te
Xw kvt\lw Zi-aq-eky Ijm-tb-W-]p\x ]tN
Poh-Ij-`-Im-kvt^mtXm hnZm-coI ]nI-p`nx
hmX-Lvss\ Poh-\o-ssb--I-evss Zzno-c-`m-KnIw
Xknw \mh-\m`yw Km XYm-]m\ \p hmk-\m
kncm-]mn tImjvTw {]Wp-Z-Xym-ip-am-cpXw
tbkypx {]o-W-a-m\x oW-ip-{Iu-P-k-tb
_e-]p-jvSn-Icw tXjm-ta kymZ-ar-tXm-]-aw.
82

BSv apX-emb {KmaPohn-I-fp-tSbpw t]mv apN-X-em-b B\q-]-Po-hn-I-fp-sSbpw Pe Pohn-I-fp-tSbpw An FSpp ]nfp sh-n-env ]mIw sN-Ww. B shw XWn-m AXns aosX s]mn-m-Wp s\v FSp--Ww. B s\v hopw Zi-aqe Ijm-b-n tNp PohIw CS-h-Iw, Fcp-n thcv, ]map-Xp-n Ingv, \mbn-p-c-W-hn-v addp hmX-l-cu-j-[-, Poh-\o-b-K-Wu-j-[-. Ch-sbmw IqSn s\ns \men-semv Ievw tNp s\ns Ccn ]mepw tNv Imn Acn-s-Sp--Ww. Cu kn-LrXw \kyw sNp-Ibpw ta tXp-Ibpw IpSn-p-Ibpw hkvXn-sN-p-Ibpw sNbvXm knc-I-fnepw kn-I-fnepw An-I-fnepw hb-d-dnepw tIm]n hmXs W-n \in-n-pw. bmh Nnev a, ipw, HmP-v, Ch bn-n-cn-p-pthm Ahv Cu s\v Aar-Xn\v Xpey-am-bn-cn-pw. ico-c-n\v _ehpw ]pjvSnbpw Dm-p-Ibpw sNpw.

{]-kym {Xn^-em-bmkvXp Ie IpU-h-Zzbw
IrjvW-K-m-Xz-Km-VtIymx ]rYIv ]-]ew `th
cmkv\m Nn{X-I-tbmtZz tZz Zi-aqew ]tem-nXw
Pe-t{ZmtW ]tN ]mZ-titj {]tm-nXw ]rYIv
kpcm-c-\m-f-Z-[yavf kuho-cI Xptjm-ZIw
tIme-Zm-Una hrvavf ckmw-kvssXew LrXw hkmw
am-\ ]b-ssh Poh-\ob ]em-\n-jSv
IevmZXzm alm-kvt\lw kay-tK\w hn]m-N-tb
incm-a-m-n-tK-hmtX kmw-ssi-ImwK tcmKnjp
th]-\m-t] iqtejp XZ-`ywKw {]Zm-]-tb.
83

{Xn^-e-tmSv Hcn-S-gn (16--]-ew) apXnc cv\mgn (8--]-ew), apcn-m-tmev 5-]-ew, sXmhc 5-]-ew, Ac 2-]ew sImSp-th-cn-n-gv 2-]-ew, Zi-aqew Hmtcmpw Hmtcm-]ew Ch-sbmw IqSn 32--C-S-gn sh-n Ijm-bw-shp \men-sem-m-n-sb-Spp AXn kpc 2-C-S--gn, shp-ImSn 2-C-S--gn, ]pfn ssXcv 2-C-S--gn, bh-ns ImSn 2-C-S--gn, Acn-mSn 2-C-S--gn, e--gw--D-dp-am--gw--a-c-pfn Ch-bpsS cktam Ijm-btam Cuc-n-S--gn, Fs 2-C-S--gn, s\v cn-S--gn, hk, 2-C-S--gn, a 2-C-S-gn Chbpw Poh-\ob KWu-j-[- 6-]ew Ievhpw tNp bYm-hn[n Imn Acn-s-Sp--Ww. Cu alm-kvt\lw (N-Xpx-kvt\-lw) knc, a, An Chsb {]m]n--Xmb hmX-tcm-K--fnepw kmwK hmX-tcm-K--fnepw GImwK hmX-tcm-K--fnepw I-hm-Xw, Bt-]-I-hm-Xw, In-t\mhv Ch-I-fnepw ico-c-n tXp-hm D]-tbm-Kn--Ww. (Po-h-\ob ]em-\n-j F-Xn\v Poh-\ob KWu-j-[- Hmtcmpw Bdmdv ]ew FSp--W-sapw ]-ap-v. {Zh-Zzn-Kp-WXzw tlXp-hm-bn-mWv Ijm-bmZn {Zh-{Z-hy--sfmw Ccn ]d-n-p--sXv a\-n-em--Ww.)

kaq-e-]{Xmw \npWvUnw ]oU-bn-Xzm-c-tk-\Xp
tX\-knw kaw-ssXew \mUo-Ip-jvSm-\n-emnjp
lnXw ]mam-]-No-\mp ]m\m-`y-RvP\ ]qcWw
Imm-kmn Ipe-m\mw ctk-kn- hmX-\p
84

Icn-s\m-n-bpsS thcpw Cebpw IqSn CSnp ]ngn ck-n AXns \men-semcp `mKw Fs tNp Imn-sb-Sp-p ssXew \mUo-{h-Ww, IpjvTw, hmX-tcm-Kw, ]ma, A]Nn Fn-h-I-fn tkhn-p-hm\pw tXp-hm\pw ]qc-W-n\pw \-Xm-Ip-p. (kaw ssXew Fv ]d--Xp-sImv kzc-k-n\p kaw ssXew FSp--W-sapw A`n-{]m-b-ap-v. ]cp-n-p-cphpw apXn-c-bpw-IqSn shs-Sp Ijm-b-n Imn-sb-Sp-p--ssXew hmX-l-c-am-Ip-p.

aqeI kzctk oc-k-ta-m]yw {Xylw-Z[n
Xkym-avf-ky-{Xn`nx {]ss-kvssXe {]w hn]m-N-tb
bjvSymlz i-cm-cmkv\m eh-Wm-{ZI \mKsscx
k]njvssSx ]enssIx ]m\mX-Z-`yw-Km hmX-\p
85

apn CSn-p-]n-gn ck-n A{X-Xs ]mepw ssXcpw tNp aqp-Zn-hkw sh-Ww. aqp Znhkw Ign-m B ]pfnssXcv Bdn-S--gnbpw cn-S-gn Fbpw Cc-n-a-[p-cw, i-c, Ac-, Cp-v, Cn, Npv Ch Hmtcm-]ew FSpp \-hw Acp Ievhpw tNp Imn Acn-s-Sp--Ww. CussXew ]m\w sNbvXmepw ta tXmepw hmXw \in-pw.

]-aqeo Ijm-tbW ]nWvUymIw _lp-hmjnIw
]zmw-`-kn-ctk Xkvanw kvssXe-{]w hn]m-]-tb
]b-kmjvS KptW-ss\-X k-hmX hnIm-c-\p
kwkrjvtS tjvaWm ssNX hmtX-ikvXw hnti-jXx.
86

henb ]-aq-ehpw ]g-Inb Fn]n-mpw Ijmbw shs-Sp--Xn Hcn-S-gn Fbpw Fn-S-gn ]mepw tNp Imn-sb-Sp--Ww. CXv k-hmX hnIm-c-tbpw \in-n-pw. CXv hnti-jnpw I^w Iep hmX-tcm-K-n \-Xm-Ip-p.

bh-tIme Ipe-m\mw t{ibkymx ipjvI-aq-e-Im
hnezm-m-RvP-en-ta-ssIIw {Zssh-c-avssf hn]m-N-tb
tX\-ssXew Ijm-tbW ^emavssfx ISp-`n-kvXYm
]njvssSx knw-alm hmssX-cmt-iotX {]tbm-P-tb
87

bhw e-p-cp, apXn-c, Ac-, DW-nb ap-n, Iqh-f-nthcv Ch Htcmpw \mep ]ew hoXw FSpp shp-Im-Sn-bn Ijm-bw-shp B Ijm-b-n Fs tNp ]pfn-c-k-ap ^e-fpw {XnI-Sphpw Acp Iev-ambpw tNp bYm-hn[n Imn-sb-Sp--Ww. Cu ssXew XWn-m alm-hm-Xw-sImv ]oU-b-\p-`-hn-p tcmK-bn {]tbm-Kn--Ww.

k-hmX hnIm-cmWmw ssXem-\y-\ym-\yXx irWp
NXpx {]tbm-Km-Wym-bqjy hym-\y-\y-X-am-\nN
cPx ip{I-{]-tZm-j-Lv\m-\y-]Xy P\-\m-\nN
\nc-Xy-bm\n knm\n k-tZmj lcm-Wn-N.
88

C\n k-hn[ hmX-tcm-K-pw D]-tbm-Kn-m-hp addv ssXe-sf D]-tZ-in-p-Xcmw tIp-sImI. Cu ssXe-sImv ]m\w, A`yw-Kw, \kyw, hkvXn Fo \mep-hn[ {]tbm-K- sNbvXm Bbppw h-{]-km-Zhpw _ew apX-em-b-hbpw hn-pw. B-h-tZm-j-tbpw ip-tZm-j-tbpw \in-n-pw. km-t\m-ev]m-Z-\s Dm-pw. \ntm-j-am-Wv, ^e-{]-Z-am-Wv. k-tZm-j--tfbpw \in-n-p-Ibpw sNpw.

klm-Nc Xpem-bmkvXp ctk-ssX-em-V-Iw-]-tN
aqe-I-evmZv Zi-]ew ]tbm-ZXzm NXppWw
knt-kvan icm Nqm-Z-jvSm-Z-i-]ew `njIv
ho\o-b-Zm-cptW tjzXZv hmX-hym-[njp tbmP-tb.
89

Hcp Xpemw Icn-p-dp-n-bpsS Ijm-b-n Iev-am-n-bnv AXns thcv ]v ]ew Acp tNp \men-S-gn F F-bpsS \men-cn ]mepw tNp Im-Ww. sshZy ]mI-n\v Imn-sb-Sp CXn ]Xn-s\-p-]ew ]-km-c-s]mSn tNp tbmPn-n--Ww. CXv Zmcp-W-amb hmX tcmK--en D]-tbm-Kn--Ww.

izZw-jvSm-kz-ck {]uZzu kau ]b-km-kl
jSv]ew irwK-th-cky KpU-kym-j-Sv]ew XYm
ssXe-{]w hn]Izw ssXZ-Zym km-\n-emnjp
Pot-ssX-te\ ZpKvt\ t]bm-I]x {]i-ky-tX.
90

sRcn-n-ens \men-S-gn Ijm-b-n AXn-\p-kaw ]mtNp Bdv]ew Nppw Fv ]ew shhpw Iev-amn cn-S-gn F Imn-sb-Sp--Ww. Cu ssXew tkhnp Zln--Xn-\p-tijw ]mn IpSn-m sImSp-p-Xv \-Xm-Wv. (C-Xn Ievw tNm ]d shw Imn Acn--Xn-\p-tijw tNp-]-tbm-Kn-p-Ibpw sNmw.

_em-iXw KpUq-Nym--]mZw cmkv\m-jvS-`m-KnIw
Pem-V-I-itX ]zm Zi-`m-K-n-tX-ctk
Z[n-a-kvXznjp \ncymk ipss kvssXem-V-Iw-kssax
]tNkm-P-]tbm ƒmwssix kevss-tc`nx ]tem-nssXx
iSo-k-c-f-Zmtem aRvPn-jvSm-Kp-cp-N-ss\x
]-Im-Xn-hn-jm-apkvXm kq]y-]n ltc-Wp`nx
bjvSym lzkp-c-k-hym{L \Jj-`I PohssIx
]emi ck-I-kvXqco \fn-Im-PmXn tImissIx
]rm-Ip-p-a-ssi-teb PmXo-I-Sp-^-emw-_p`nx
Xz-p-cq Iq-c-Xp-cq {io\n-hm-kssIx
ehw-K-\-X-I-tme IpjvT-K--{]n-bw-Kp`nx
utW-b-X-I-c-[ymam hNm-a-Z-\-I-sshx
k\m-K-tI-isscx knt ZZym--{Xm-h-Nm-cntX
]{X-Ievw XXx ]qXw hn[n-\w-X {]tbm-P-tb
Imkw-izm-kw-Pzcw aqm OnKpam Xw bw
ol-tim-jm-h-]-kvamc ae-van hn\u-i-tb
_em-ssX-e-anZw t{ijvTw hmX-hym[n hn\m-i\w
An-th-imb KpcpWm IrjvWm-t{X-tb-W-`m-jn-Xw. _em-ssXew
91

Ipdp-tm-n-thcv 100--]ew Nnd-d-arXv 25--]-ew, Acp ]{--c-]ew Ch-sb-mw-IqSn 400--C-S-gn sh-n Ijmbw shnv ]n-sem-m-Ip-tm FSp--cnp B Ijm-b-c-k-n \men-S-gn Fbpw \men-S--gn-hoXw ssXcns shw, Icn-n\o-cv, a[p-ipw Chbpw cn-S-gn Bn]mepw Hmtcm-]ew Iq-cw, Nc-fw, tZh-Xm-cw, Ge--cn, a-n-tm-ev, AIn, N\w ]Xp-ap-Iw, AXn-hn-S-bw, ap-, Imp-]-b-dv, Atcm-Wp-Iw, Cc-n-a-[p-cw, Xpf-kn-th-cv, ]pen-p-h-Sv, CS-h-Iw, Pnh-Iw, minI-d, IkvXq-cn, cma-w, PmXn-]-{Xn, tNm\-I-p-v, I-Zw, PmXn-, Iap-Znth-cv, Ccp-th-cn, Ce-hw-Kw, Ipn-cnw Iq-cw, sh-p-n-cn-w, Xncp-h---i, Idm-v, XI-cw, Xtm-e--n, sImw, PSm-am-n, Rmgq-hv, XqWn-bm-w, XI-cw, \mp-I-p-v, hb-v, tXs-gp-Iv, Ipgn-ap--, \mK-qhv Ch Iev-ambpw tNp ]mI-s-Sp--Ww. ]mI-am-bm hmn-shp Acn-s-Sp--Xn-\p-tijw ]m{X-]m-I-ambn K-{Z-hy- tNp-Ibpw thWw. AXn-\p-tijw hn[n-{]-Imcw D]-tbm-Kn--Ww. Cu ssXew Imkw, izmk-tcm-Kw, Pzcw, tamlm-e-kyw, On, Kp, Dcx--Xw, bw, ol-tcm-Kw, ico-c-tim-jw, A]-kvam-cw, Aevan Chsb \in-n-pw. _em-ssXew Fv t]cmb t{ijvT-amb Cu ssXew hmX-hym-[nsb ian-n-p--Xm-Ip-p. CXv Kpcp-\m-Y-\mb IrjvWm-t{X-b-\m An-th-i-\m-bn-smv D]-tZ-in--s--Xm-Ip-p.

Aar-Xm-bm-kvXpemx ]-t{Zm-tW-jzjvS k{]mw-]-tN
]mZ-titj ka-ocw ssXe kymm-V-Iw-]-tN
Gem-amw-ko-\-tXm-ioc imcn-_m-Ip-jvT-N-ss\x
iX-]p-jv]m-_-em-taZm alm-ta-Zn PohssIx
ImtImfo oc-Im-tImfn {imh-WyXn _em-\tJx
alm-{im-hWn Poho hnZm-cn-I-]n-I-p`nx
hNm-tKm-p-c-ssI-cWvU cmkv\m-Imem klm-Nsscx
iXm-h-co-Xm-a-eIo I-SmJym ltc-Wp`nx
hocm-k-ssl-ej `I-{Xn-Z-im-sslz ImjnssIx
aRvPn-jvTm-bm-kv{Xn-ItjW a[p-Im-jvS-]-te\ N
Ievss-kvX oW-hn-cymn _e-kw-aq-V-tN-Xkm
Dm-Zm-c-Xy-]-kvam-ssc-cmmw {]Ir-Xnw-\-tb
hmX-hym[n lcw-t{ijvTw ssXem-{Kya arXm-lzbw
IrjvWm-t{X-tbW KpcpWm `mjnXw sshZy-]q-Pn-Xw.
Aar-Xm-Zyw-ssXew
92

5-Xpemw Nnd-d-arXv 128--C-S-gn sh-n Ijm-bw-sh-nv \men-sem-m-Ip-tm FSp--cnp AXn cn-S-gn Fbpw F-p-kaw ]mepw tNp Ge--cn, PSm-am-n, XI-cw, cma-w, \m-dn-n-g-v, sImw, N-\w, NXp-Ip-, Ipdp-tm-n-th-cv, taZ alm-ta-Z, En, Poh-Iw, ImtIm-fn, oc-Im-tIm-fn, {imh-Wn, AXn-_-e, Iqfn-\-Jw, alm-{im-h-Wn, AS-]-Xn-bIn-g-v, ]map-Xp-nIn-gv Bh-W-nth-cv, Ac Dep-h, Icn-Ip-dp-n-th-cv, iXm-h-cn-n-g-v, Iogms\-n, I-S-irw-Kn, Atc-Wp-Iw, {_n, Imp-]-b-dv, Ge--cn, (Nntdd-ew) CS-h-Iw, tZh-Xmcw Ch apqv Ig-nbpw a-n-tmev HXv Ig-nbpw Cc-n-a-[pcw Fv]-ehpw Ievw tNp Imn Acn-s-Sp--Ww. Cu ssXew oW-hocyw oWm-n, o-W-_-ew, aqV-tN-X-v, Dm-Zw, Ac-Xn, A]-kvamcw Ch-sImv ]oUn-p--hsc kz-\mpw AarXw Fvt]cp Cu Da ssXew hmX-hym-[nsb ian-n-p-hm t{ijvT-am-Ip-p. sshZym-cm {]iw-kn-X-amb Cu ssXew IrjvWm-t{Xb Kpcp-hn-\m D]-tZ-in--s--Xm-Ip-p.

cmkv\m kl-{k-\n-cyqtl ssXe-t{ZmWw hn]m-N-tb
Kssssl-a-hssXx ]njvssS-tc-em-ssZym \nemn-\p
cmkv\m-ssX-ew.
93

100--]ew Ac Ijmbw shs-Spp AXn 16--C-S-gn F lnam-e-b-n-ep-m-Ip K-{Z-hy-fpw Aar-XmZn ssXe-ns Iev-a-cppw \-hw Acp Ievw tNp Imn-sb-Sp--Ww. Cu ssXew hmX-tcmK \mi-I-am-Ip-p.

Gj-I]kvXp _ebmx {]km-cWy imK-tbmx
IzmY-I ]tbm`nhm _em-Zo\mw ]tN]r-YIv
94

ckv\mZn ssXew Imm ]d--Xp-t]mse Ipdp-tm-n-th-cvsImv _em-Zn-ssX-ehpw {]km-cn-sImv {]km-c-WymZn ssXehpw Aap-p-cw-sImv Aiz-K-m-Zn-ssX-ehpw Imn hmX-n-p-]-tbm-Kn-mw. AYhm Cu ]d--h-bpsS Ijm-b-n AXmXv Huj-[-Xs F-bpsS \men-sem-cp-`mKw Ievw tNp Fv kaw ]mepw tNp _em-ssX-ehpw {]km-cWn ssXehpw Aiz-K--ssX-ehpw Imn D]-tbm-Kn-mw.

aqe-I-kz-ckw ocw-ssXew Z[y-avf-Im-nIw
Xpeyw hn]m-N-tb Iss _em-Nn-{XI ssksshx
]n-ey-Xn-hnjm cmkv\mN hnIm-Kpcp Nn{XssIx
`m-X-Ih NmIpjvT izZwjv{Sm hniz-t`-jssPx
]pjvI-cmlz iSo-hnez iXm-lzm-\X Zmcp`nx
Xknw ]oX-a-Xyp-{Km ln-hm-Xm--Im KZm aqe-Im-Zy-ssX-ew.
95

apn CSnp ]ngn--c-kw, ]m, Fs-, ]pfn ssXcv, ]pfn--ImSn Ch kaw FSpp Iev-n\v Ipdp-tm-n-th-cv, shfp sImSp-th-cn-n-g-v, Cp-v, Xn-en, AXn-hn-S-bw, Ac-, Imp-ap-f-Inth-cv, AIn, Nph tImSp-th-cn-n-g-v, tNp-cp, hb-v, sImw, sRcn-n, Npv, ]pjvI-c-aq-ew, Iq-cw, Iqh-f-nth-cv, NX-Xp-Ip-, XI-cw, tZh-Xmcw Ch kaw F-bpsS \men-sem-cp-`mKw Ac-p-tNp Imn-sb-Sp--Ww. Cu ssXew tkhn-m AXyp-{K-amb hmX-tcm-K-sf AXv \in-n-pw.

hrj-aqe KpUq-tNym Zzni-Xky iXky Xp
Nn{X-Im kmiz-K-m IzmtY-ssX-em-VIw ]tN
kocx hmbp-\m-`t ZZy Pcn-tX-XYm
{]mss-em-hm] kn `th-tZ-XZv KptWm--cw.
96

BS-tem-S-I-ns thcv 100--]-ew, Nnd-d-arXv 100--]-ew, sImSp-th-cn-n-gv 50--]-ew, Aap-pcw 50--]ew Ch-sb-mw-IqSn sh Ijm-b-n \men-S-gn F kaw ]mev tNp Imn-sb-Sp--Ww. Cu ssXew hmXw-sImv tXm-s-Xpw Ai--am--s--Xp-amb tcmKn-bn {]tbm-Kn--Ww. Cu ssXew ap]-d aqe-ImZn ssXe-ns Ievw tNp Imn-sb-Sp-m KpWw IqSp-X-em-bn-cn-pw.

cmkv\m-in-coj bjvSymlz ipWvTo kl-N-cm-arXmx
tiym\mIw ZmcpKw amwko-lb Km-{Xn-I-Imx
Gjmw Zi-]-em `mKm Ijm-b-ap-]-I-ev]-tb
XX-kvtX\ Ijm-tbW k-K-ss ImjnssIx
Z[ym-c-\m-f-am-jmavf aqe-tI-p-csskx ipss`x
]rYIv {]tmanssXx kmw ssXe {]w hn]m-N-tb
ol-]miz {Kl-izm-k-Im-k-am-cpX tIm]-\p
cmkv\m-ssX-e-an-Xn-JymXw ]p\kp \nZin-Xw.
97

Ac-, s\t-\n-hm-I-tm-ev, Cc-n-a-[p-cv, Npv Icn-p-dp-n-th-cv, Nnd-d-ar-Xv, ]mXn-cn-th-cv, tZh-Xm-cw, PSm-am-n, Aap-p-cw, sRcn-n Ch Hmtcmpw ]v]ew hoXw FSpp Ijm-bw-shp B Ijm-b-n, _em-ssX-e-n ]d K-{Z-hy- aqp-I-g-n-hoXw Iev-amn shp-ImSn Dgp-nsc Ijm-bw, ap-n-bpsS kzc-kw, Icn-n\o-cv, Ch Hmtcm CS--gnbpw HcnSgn Fbpw tNp bYm-hn[n Imn-sb-Sp-Ww Cu ssXew ol-tcm-Kw, hmcn---bn-ep ]nSp-w, izmk-tcm-Kw, Imkw, hmbp-tIm]w Chsb ian-n-pw, {]kn--am-b. Cu cmkv\m-ssXew ]p\-kp-hn-\m D]-tZ-in--s--Xm-Ip-p.

bh-I-tXme Ipe-m\mw aym\mw in{Kp-hn-eztbmx
ctk-\-aq-e-Im-\m--ssXew Z[n-]-tbm-\znXw
km[-bnXzm `njIv ZZym k-hm-Xm-a-bm-]lw
eiq\ kzc-tk-knw ssXe-ta-`n hmX-\
ssXem-t\yXm EXp-kv\m-Xm-aw-K\mw ]mb-tb-XN
]oXzm-\y-X-a-ta-tXjmw hym-]n-P-\-tbkp-Xw.
98

bhw, e-p-cp, apXn-c, ayw, acn-m-tm-ev, Iqh-f-nthcv Ch-bpsS Ijm-b-nepw ap-n-bpsS kzc-k-nepw Fbpw Fv kaw ssXcpw ]mepw tNp Imn-sb-Spp sshZy hmX-tcm-Knv sImSp-Ww k-hm-X-tcm-K-epw ian-pw. shp-n-bpsS kzc-k-nepw C{]-Imcw Fbpw kaw ssXcpw ]mepw tNp Imn-sb-Sp-p-]-tbm-Kn-mepw hmXw ian-pw. Cu ]d Fm ssXe-fpw EXp-hmbn Ipfn kv{XoIv tkhn-p-Ibpw sNmw. Ch-bn GsX-nepw Hcp ssXew tkhn-m hy-p-t]mew km-t\m-ev]m-Z-\-ap-m-Ipw.

b-in-X-N-Pztc ssXe-a-Kpm-Zy-ap-Zm-lrXw
At\-I-i-X-i-kvX knw kymZv hmX-tcm-K-\p
hyt bm\n-ssX-em\n hmX-tim-Wn-Xn-tI-]nN
Xm\n-Xm-\nN imyw knw-Imax {]tbm-P-tb.
99

ioX-Pz-c-n D]-tbm-Kn-p-hm ]d AKpm-Zn-ssXew At\Iw \qdv{]m-hiyw (k-l-{k-]m-Iw) Bhn-s-Sp-p-]-tbm-Kn-p-Xv hmX-tcm-Ks ian-n-p-hm \-Xm-Ip-p. hmX-c NnInk-bn ]d ssXe--tfbpw ^e-knn thW-sa-m-{K-ln-p sshZy hmX-i-a-\-n-\mbpw {]tbm-Kn--Ww.

\mkvXn-ssX-em]cw Inn-Zu-j[w amcp-Xm-]lw
hyhm-pjvW Kpcp-kvt\-lm k kvImcm _e-h-cw
KssWhmX lssc-kvX-kvam--Xtim ƒY-k-l-{kix
knw n{]-X-cm-ln kqva-am-n-Xm KZm.
100

hmXs ian-n-p-hm ssXe-t-m henb Hcu-j-[hpw C. ssXew hyhm-bnbw (i-co-c-n apg-h hym]n-nv ]mIw hcp--Xv) DjvW KpW-ap-Xpw Kpcp-Xz-ap-Xpw kv\nKv-X-bp-Xpw Bb-Xn-\mepw kwkvIm-cw-sImv Gd-dhpw _e-ap--Xmbnocp--Xn-\mepw hmX-l-c-{Z-hy- Ijm-bhpw Iev-hp-amn \qtdm Bbn-ctam {]mhiyw Bhn--sX-Sp-m AXv kqva-am--fn nXn-sN-p tcmK--tf-qSn W-n \in-n-p--Xm-Ip-p.

{Inbm-km-[m-cWo kmkwkr-jvSm-Nm]n ikytX
hmX-]n-m-Zn`nx t{kmXx kz hrtXjp hnti-jXx
101

hmX-n ]nm-Zn-I-fpsS Bh-cWw t{kmX-p-I-fn Dm-bn-p--Xn hnti-jnpw km[m-cW hmX-\m-iI NnIn--bp-tS-sb-mw-IqsS Bh-c-W-tZm-j-t-qSn ian-n-p Huj-[- tNp-sIm-Sp-p-Xv \-Xm-Ip-p.

]n-Z-hrtX hnti-tjW ioXm-apjvWmw XYm-{Inbmw
hyXym-km Imc-tb kn Poh-\o-b ikytX
[\z-amw-kw-bhmx imenbm-]n\mx oc-\-kvXbx
hntcIx oc-]m-\ ]-aq-eo-_-em-irXw
a[q-b-jvSn-_-em-ssXe LrX-o-c--tk-N\w
]-aq-eo-I-jm-tbW IpcymZzm ioX-hm-cn-Wm.
102

hmX-n ]n-ns Bh-c-W-ap--Xn hnti-jnv ioX-{In-bbpw DjvW-{In-bbpw CS-I-ep sN-Ww. CXn Poh-\o-b-Lr-Xhpw \-Xm-Ip-p. PmwK-e-amw-kw, bh-tm-dv, sNs--cn-tm-dv, bm]-\-h-kvXn, oc-h-kvXn, hntc-N\w Ch ioen-p-Xpw eLp-]--aq-ehpw Ipdp-tm-n-thcpw tNp-m-nb ]m-jmbw IpSn-p-Xpw \-Xm-Ip-p. a[p-b-jvSn, ssXew, s\v, ]m Ch-sImv [mc sNp-Xpw AYhm eLp-]--aq-e-I-jm-bw-sImv XWp shw-sImtm [mc sNp-Xpw ]nm-hr-X-amb hmX-n\v \-Xm-Ip-p.

I^m-hr-tX-b-hm-m\n PmwK-em-ar-K-]-nWx
tkzZm-\n-cq-lm-kvXo-vWm ha\w k hntc-N\w
]pcmW kn-kvssX-e Xne-kj-]-Pw-lnXw
kwkrjvtS I^-]n-m`ymw ]n-amZu hn\n-tb.
103

I^m-hr-X-amb hmX-n bh-tm-dv, PmwK-e-ar-K-]-n-I-fpsS amwkw, XovW-amb Ijm-b-h-kvXn, ha-\w, hntc-N-\w, ]g-In-b. s\v, Fs-, ISp-sI Ch \-Xm-Ip-p. I^-n-tbpw ]n-n-tbpw Bh-c-W-ap hmX-n BZyw ]ns Pbn--Ww.

Bam-i-b-KXw aXzm-I^w ha-\-am-Zn-ti
]Izm-itb hntc-Ip ]nt-k-{X-tK-XYm
104

hmX-\p-_--amb I^w Bam-ib nX-am-sWv a\-n-em-bm On-n--Ww. ]Izm-i-b-n-X-am-sW-n hntc-Nn-n--Ww. hmXm-\p-_--amb ]nw ico-c-n FhnsS nXn-sN-bvXmepw hntc-Nn-n-p-I-bmWv th-Xv.

tkzssZ hnjy-nXx tjvam-bZm ]Izm-i-b-nXx
]nw-hm-Zi-tb-enwKw hkvXn-`nkvXu hn\nl-tc
105

hnbn--Xn-\m {Zho-`q-X-amb I^w Ftm ]Izm-i-b-n nXn-sN-p-Ibpw AYhm FhnsS ]n-ns eWw ImWp-Ibpw sNp-pthm Atm B ]n-I-^-sf hkvXn-{]-tbmKw sImv ]pd-tv If-b-Ww.

tjva-Wm-\p-KXw hmX-ap-jvssW tKmaq-{X-kw-bpssXx
\ncqsslx ]n-kw-krjvSw \nl-tc oc-kw-bpssXx
a[p-cu-j[ knss ssXsse-kvX-a-\p-hm-k-tb.
106

I^-ns A\p-_--ap hmX-n NqSp-Xpw tKmaq{Xw tN-Xp-amb Ijm-b-h-kvXn-sImv tZmjs ]pd-tv If-b-Ww. ]n-ns kwk-ap hmX-n ]mtN Ijm-b-h-kvXn-{]-tbm-Kw-sImv tZmjs ]pd-tv If-b-Ww. Cu tcmKnsb a[p-cu-j-[- tNp-Im--nb ssXew-sImv kvt\l-hkvXn ioen-p-Ibpw thWw.

intcm-KtX Xp k It^ [qa-\-kymZn Imc-tb
lrtX-]nt It^ N kymZpcx t{kmtXm-\ptKm ƒ\nex
ktjmw kym{Inb X{X-Imcym tIh-e-hm-Xn-Io.
107

I^-ns kwk-tm-Sp-IqSn inc-n nXn-sN-p--Xmb hmX-n [qa-]m\w \kyw apX-em-bh sN-Ww. I^--]n---fpsS kwkw hnp Dc-n-ep t{kmX-p-I-fn nXn-sN-p--Xmb Fm-hn[ hnIm-c-pw tIhe hmX-Nn-Ink sN-Ww.

Imc-tb c-kw-krjvtS hmX-tim-Wn-Xn-Io-{Inbmw
{]ta-l-hmX tatZm-Lv\o-am-a-hmtX {]tbm-P-tb.
108

cm-hr-X-amb hmX-n c-hmX NnIn sN-Ww. Ba-hm-X-n {]ta-l-\m-i-Ihpw hmX-\m-i-Ihpw tatZm-\m-i-I-hp-amb NnInk sN-Ww.

tkzZm-`ywK ck-oc kvt\lm amwkm-hr-tX-lnXmx
alm-kvt\-tlm-n-a-t ]q-h-t{Z-X-km-hr-tX.
109

amwkm-hr-X-amb hmX-n hnbn-epw tZl-n sagp-n-Sepw amwk-c-khpw ]mepw s\pw D]-tbm-Kn-p-Xpw \-Xm-Ip-p. An-bnepw a-bnepw nXn-sN-p hmX-n alm-kvt\lw (s\-v, ssXew, hk, a) D]-tbm-Kn--Ww. ipm-hr-X-amb hmX-n apv ]d--Xp-t]mse ltjm ƒ-]m\w CXymZn NnIn sN-Ww.

Am-hrtX XZp-tJx ]mN\w Zo]-\w-eLp
aq{X-fm-\nN aq{X-t-tkzZmx tkm-c-h-kvXbx
110

Am-hr-X-amb hmX-n B Ign As On-np If-bp-Ibpw ]mN-\o-bhpw eLp-hp-amb {Zhy- D]-tbm-Kn-p-Xpw \-Xm-Ip-p. aq{X-hr-X-amb hmX-n aq{Xs hn-n-p-Xpw ]pd-tv If-bp--Xp-amb NnInkbpw tkzZ-{In-bbpw D-c-h-kvXn-Ifpw (aq-{X-am-n {]tbm-Kn-p hkvXn-{In-b-I) sN-Ww.

Gc--ssXew kvtXhkvXnx kvt\lm--t`-Zn\x
kzm-\t _en-tZmjx {]mw sskzcu-j-ss[-tb
ha-ss\ hm hntc-ssI hm hkvXn`nx ia-t\\ hm
CXyp-m-am-hrtX hmtX ]nm-Zn-`n bYm-b-Yw.
111

aem-hr-X-amb hmX-n Bh-W-s sImSp-p-Ibpw aes t`Znp ]pd-tv If-bp hkvXn {]tbm-Kn-p-Ibpw kvt\l-{Zhyw sImSp-p-Ibpw thWw. kzm-\v nXn-sN-p tZmjw _e-hm-\m-hp-I-bm-sW-n AXns\ BZyw AXns Huj-[--sf-smv Pbn--Ww. AXmbXv I^w Xs m\p _e-hm-\m-hp-I-bm-sW-n ha-\w-sImpw ]nw Xs m\v _e-hm-\m-hp-I-bm-sW-n hntc-N-\w-sImpw hmXw Xs m\v _e-hm-\m-hp-I-bm-sWn hkvXn sImpw ian-n--Ww. AYhm tcmKn tim[\ {Inbv Atbm-Ky-\m-sW-n ia-\u-j[w sImpw ian-n--Ww. ]nm-Zn-I-fn Bhr-X-amb hmX-n sNt NnIn C{]-Imcw hgn-t]mse ]d-b-s-p.

amcp-Xm-\m ]m-\m-a-t\ym-\ym-h-cWw irWp
enwKw hymk-k-am-km-`ym-ap-Ny-am-\w-a-bm-\[
112

C\n Ap-hm-bp-pw At\ym\yw Bh-c-W-ap-m-bm-ep eWw hnkvX-cnpw Npcp--nepw Fm ]d-b-s-Sp-Xv tIp-[-cn-p-sIm-p-I.

{]mtWm-hrtWm XypZm-\m-Zo{]mWw hrWz-n-tX-]nN
DZm-\m-Zym-kvX-Ym-t\ym\yw k Gh bYm-{Iaw
howi-Xn hc-Wm-t\y-\yp-ev_-Wm\mw ]c-kv]cw
amcp-Xm-\m ]m\mw Xm\n-k-ayIv {]X-tb
113

{]mW-hmbp DZm-\, hym\ A]m-\, kam-\ Fo hmbp-sf Bh-cWw sNp-Ibpw DZm-\mZn hmbp- {]mW-hm-bp-hns\ Bh-cWw sNp--Xp-am-Ip-p. A{]-Imcw DZm-\mZn Fm hmbp-fpw Xs bYm-{I-a-n At\ym\yw Bh-cWw sNp--Xm-Ip-p. 1{]mWm-hrX DZm-\, 2{]mWm-hrX kam-\, 3{]mWm-hr-X-hym-\, 4{]mWm-hrX A]m-\, 5DZm-\m-hr-X-{]m-W, 6kam-\m-hrX {]mW, 7-hym\m-hr-X-{]m-W, 8A]m-\-hrX {]mW, 9DZm-\m-hrX kam-\, 10DZm-\mhr DZm-\, 11DZm-\m-hrX A]m-\, 12kam-\m-hrX DZm-\, 13-hym\m-hr-X-D-Zm-\, 14-A]m-\m-hrX DZm-\, 15kam-\m-hr-hym-\, 16kam-\-hr-X-A-]m-\, 17hym\m-hr-X-k-am-\, 18A]m-t\thrX-k-am-\, 19hym\m-hrX A]m-\, 20A]m-\m-hr-X-hym\ C{]-Imcw Hmtcmv tNn-p 20-hn[ Bh-c-W- cpwaqpw \mep-ambn ]c-kv]cwtNm At\-I-am-bn-cn-pw. ]-hm-bp--fpsS CuBh-c-W- \-hw Dulnp a\-n-em-t--Xm-Wv.

kt-{n-bmWmw iq\yXzw mXzm-kvarXn _e-bw
hymt\-{]m-Wm-hr-tX-enwKw I-X-t{Xmz-P-{Xp-Iw.
114

{]mWm-hrX hym\-\n Np-t{im-{XmZn C{n-b-v iq\y-Xzw, Hm--bw, _e-bw Fo e-W- Ip-a-\-n-em-n-bnv Duz-P{Xp NnInk sN-Ww. AXm-bXv [qa-]m\ \kym-Zn-I sN-Ww.

tkztZm-Xyw tcma-ljx XzKvtZmjx kp]vX-Km-{XXm
{]mtW-hym-\m-hrtX X{X-kvt\-l-bpw hntc-N\w
115

{]mW hym\m-hr-X-am-bm IqSp-Xhnbv, tcmam-w, N-Ip-jvTm-Zn-XzKv tZmj-, ico-c-nXcnv Fn-h-bp-m-Ipw. AXn\v kvt\l-{Zhyw tNHuj-[--tf-smv hntc-Nn-n--Ww.

{]mWm-hrtX kamt\ kypPU KZvKZ aqIXmx
NXpx {]tbmKmx ikyt kvt\lm-kvX{X kbm-]\mx
116

kam-\ {]mWm-hr-X-am-bm PmUy-X-bp-m-hp-Ibpw Ahy--ambn kwkm-cn-p-Ibpw kwkm-cn-m-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw sNpw. AXn\v kvt\l-{Zhyw sImp NXpx {]tbm-Khpw AXm-bXv ]m\m-`yw-Km\p hmk\ \ky- sNp-Ibpw bm]-\-h-kvXnbpw \-Xm-Ip-p.

kam-t\-\m-hr-tX-{]mtW {Kl-Wo-]miz thZ\m
iqew-Nm-am-itb X{X Zo]\w kn-cn-jy-tX.
117

{]mW kam-\-\m Bhr-X-am-bn-p--Xn {Kl-Wo-tcm-Khpw ]miz-th-Z-\bpw Bam-i-b-n Ipn-t\mhpw Dm-Ipw. AXn\v Zo]-\-LrXw D]-tbm-Kn-p-Xv \-Xm-Ip-p.

intcm-{Klx {]Xn-iymtbm \nizm-tkm-zmk kw{Klx
lrt{ZmtKm apJ-tim-jm ]ypZm-t\-{]mW kwhrtX
Xt{Xmz `mKnIw I-Im-cy-am-izm-k-\w-X-Ym.
118

DZm-\-hmbp {]mW-hm-bp-hn-\m Bhr-X-am-bn-p--Xn Xe Cf-p-hm Ign-bm-bva, {]Xn-iym-bw, izmk-v XS-w, lrt{Zm-Kw, hmbz-c Fn-h-bp-m-Ipw. AXn\v [qa-]m-\w, \kyw apX-emb DuzmwK NnInk sNp-Ibpw tcmKnsb Biz-kn-n-p-Ibpw thWw.

ItmtPm _e-hm\mw \mtim-ar-Xyp-c-Ym-]nhm
DZm-t\-\m-hrtX {]mtW Xwiss\x ioX-hm-cnWm
knt-Zm-izm-k-tb-ssh kpJw ssNthm] ]mZ-tb.
119

DZm\hmbp-hn-\m {]mW-hmbp Bhr-X-am-bn-p--Xn ico-c-tN-jvS, HmP-v, _ew, hw Fn-hbvv \miwkw`-hn-p-Ibpw AYhm acWwkw`-hn-p-Ibpw sNpw. An-s\-bp tcmKnsb kmh-[m-\-n XWpshw-sImv \\-p-IbpwBiz-kn-n-p-Ibpw hn{i-an-n-p-Ibpw thWw.

Duz-tK-\m-hrtX ƒ]m-t\-On-izm-km-Z-tbm-KZmx
kyphmtX X{X-h-kvXym-Znt`m-Py-ss-hm-\p-tem-a-\w.
120

A]m-\ DZm-\-hm-bp-hn-\m Bhr-X-am-bn-p--Xn Onbpw izmk-Im-kmZn tcmK-fpw Dm-Ipw. AXn\v hkvXn apX-em-b-hbpw hmbp-hns\ t\h-gn-bm-p Blm-c-fpw ioen-n--Ww.

tamtlm]mo cXo-kmc DztK ƒ]m-\-kw-hrtX
hmtX-kyph-a\w X{X-Zo-]\w {Kmlo-Nm-i-\w.
121

DZm-\-hm-bp-hn\v A]m-\-hm-bp-hns Bh-c-W-ap-m-bm tamlm-e-kyw, An-am-yw, AXn-kmcw Fn-h-bp-m-Ipw. AXn\v On-n-p-Ibpw Zo]\ insb Dm-p-Xpw aes _n-n-p--Xp-amb Blmcw sImSp-p-Ibpw thWw.

Oym-[vam-\-ap-Zm-htm Kpamnx ]cn-InIm
enwKw-hym-\m-hrtX ƒ]m-t\Xw kv\nKvss[-c\p tema-tb.
122

B]m-\-\m hym\ Bhr-X-am-bn-p--Xn aew, aq{Xw, ipw Fn-h-bpsS {]h\w IqSp-X-em-bp-m-Ipw. AXn\v ae--aq{X ip-sf _n-n-p Fm NnInk-Ifpw \-Xm-Ip-p.

aqm-X{m {]em-t]mw-K-kmtZm ƒtymtPm _e-bx
kam-t\-\m-hrtX ƒ]mt\ hymbmtam eLp-t`m-P-\w.
123

kam-\m A]m-\ Bhr-X-am-bn-p--Xn tamlm-e-kyw, aSn, ]npw t]bpw ]d-b, Xf, An-am-yw, HmP--bw, _e-bw Fn-h-bp-m-Ipw. AXn\v hymbm-ahpw eLp-`--Whpw ioen-p-Xv \-Xm-Ip-p.

kvX_v[-Xm]m-nXm tkzZ-t-jvSm-lm-\n \nao-e\w
DZm-t\-\m-hrtX hymt\-X{X ]yw anXw-eLp
124

DZm-\-\m hym\ Bhr-X-am-b-Xn ico-c-kvXw-`w, An-am-yw, hnbm-Xn-cn-p-I, icocw Cf-p-hm Ign-bm-bva, Iv Xpd-p-hm Ign-bmbva Fn-h-bp-m-Ipw. AXn\v anXhpw eLp-hp-amb Huj-[m-lm-cm-Zn-I lnX-am-Ip-p.

]m-t\ym-\ym-hr-tX-t\hw hmXm _ptyX essWx
Gjmw kzIWmw lm\n-hr-n hmh-c-tW-a-Xm.
125

At\ym\yw Bh-cWwsNbvXn-p Av hmbp-hns\ Cu]d e-W--fm a\-n-em--Ww. Bh-c-W-nCuAv hmbp--fpsSkzI-v lm\ntbmhrntbmDm-Ip--Xm-Wv.

bYm-qew kap-n-jvS-ta-X-Zm-h-ctW ]rYJv
kzenw-K-t`-jPx kavIvir-Wpta _pn-hr-tb
126

Cu ]-hm-bp--fpsS Bh-c-W-n Dt-in {]Imcw qe-ambn ImW-s-Sp--Xns\ e-W--tfmSpw NnInk-tbm-Spw-IqSn th-Xp-t]mse D]-tZ-in-p-X-cmw. _pn-h-\-hn-\m-bn-smv Fn \nv tIp-[-cn--Xp-sIm-p-I.

m\m-\y-thy hmXm\mw hrnw-lm-\n#vN IWmw
ZzmZ-im-h-c-Wm-\y-\ym-\yp-]-ey `nj-KvPnXm
Ipcym-Z-`y-RvP\ kvt\l \ky-]m-\mZn kix
DjvWw{Ia-a-\pjvWw ] hyXym-km-Z-h-Nm-c-tb.
127

{]mWmZn ]-hm-bp--fpsS m\-tf At]-npw Ah-bpsS I--fpsS hrn-tbbpw lm\n-tbbpw At]-npw addv ]Xn-s\m-p-hn[ Bh-c-sf ey-am-nbpw sagp-n-S, kvt\l-\-kyw, kvt\l-]m\w apX-em-b-h-sImv Chsb Fmw sshZy Pbn--Ww. DjvW-{In-bbpw ioX-{In-bbpw hyXym-k-s-Spn sNp-Ibpw thWw. (hmXw DjvW-{In-bml-am-sW-nepw m\s At]-n-NXvNpw cm-Zn-Zq-jy--fpsS kwks At]-npw hn]-co-X-amb ioX-{In-bbpw sNt-n-h-cp-sa-w.)

DZm-t\-tbm-Ptb Zqz-a-]m-t\-Nm-\p-tem-a\w
kam\w ia-tb-ssh {Xn[m-hym-\ tbmP-tb
{]mtWm-c-y--Xpt`ym]n mt\lyky nXn{[phw
kzm-\w-K-at\tZhw hrXm-t\-Xm hnam-Km.
128

IWvT-n nXn-sN-p DZm-\-hm-bp-hn addv hmbp--fpsS Bh-c-W-tZm-j-ap-m-bm Du-h-Nn-Ink tbmPn-n--Ww. AXm-bXv On-n--Ww. KpZ-n nXn-sN-p A]m-\-hm-bp-hn BK-c-W-ap-m-bm A\p-tema NnInk sN-Ww. AXm-bXv hntcNnn-Ww. ico-c-n k{X hym]np \nevp hymhm-bp-hn Bh-c-W-tZm-j-ap-m-bm ha-\hpw hntc-N-\hpw ia\ NnInkbpw sN-Ww. {]mW\v Cu \mev hmbp--fp-sSbpw Bh-c-W-tZm-j-ap-m-bm Ah-bn\nv {]mWs\ cn-p-Xpw AXnsc kzm-\-n-Xnsb nco-I-cn-p--Xp-amb NnInk sN-Ww. C{]-Imcw Bhr-X-ambpw amw-hnpw k-cn-p hmbp-sf kzm-\pw kzn-Xn-bnepw B-Ww.

aqm-Zm-tlm-{`ax iqew hnZmlx ioX-Im-anXm
O-\ hnZ-Kv-ky-{]mtW ]n-k-am-hr-tX.
129

{]mW-\n ]n-ns Bh-c-W-ap-m-bm tamlm-e-kyw, Npp-\o-d, Xe-Np-d-d, Ipn-t\m-hv, Dp-gp-v, XWp-n B{K-lw, Zln-NXvN Blmcw On-pI Fn-h-bp-m-Ipw.

jvToh\w h-Yq-ZvKmtcm \nizm-tkm-zmk kw{Klx
{]mtW I^m-hrtX cq]m-Wy-cp-Nn-ivOn-tc-h-N.
130

{]mW-\n I^-ns Bh-c-W-ap-m-bm Xpn-sm-n-cn-p-I, Xpn-sm-n-cn-p-I, G--an-Sp-I, izmtkm-zm-k-v XS-w, Acp-Nn, On Fo e-W--fp-m-Ipw.

aqm-Zym-\nN cq]m-Wn-Zmtlm \m`yp-ctkmx ax
HtPm-{`w-i izmk-m-]yp-Zmt\ ]n-kw-hr-tX.
131

DZm-\-hm-bp-hn ]n-ns Bh-c-W-ap-m-bm {]mW ]nm-hr-X-am-bm-ep-m-Ip aqm-Zm-l-{`-am-Zn-Ifpw \m`n-bnepws\nepw Npp-\o-depwoWhpw HmP--bhpw izmk-tcm-Khpw Dm-Ipw.

BhrtX tjva-tWm-Zm-t\-ssh-hyw h Ivkzc-{Klx
Zu_eyw Kpcp-Km-{X-Xz-a-cp-Nn-tm-]-Pm-b-tX.
132

DZm-\-hmbp I^-m Bhr-X-am-bm ico-c-n \nd-t`-Zw, hmn\pw i_vZ-n\pw XS-w, _e--bw, ico-c-I-\w, AcpNn Fn-h-bp-m-Ipw.

AXn-tkzZ kvXrjvWm-Zmtlm aqmtbm ƒc-Xn-tc-hN
]nm-hrtX kam-t\-kyp-cp-]-LmX kvXtYm-jva-Wx.
133

kam\-hm-bp-hn ]nm-h-c-W-ap-m-bm IqSp-X-embn hnbp-I, Zmlw, Npp-\o-d, tamlm-e-kyw, AcXn (Hcp Imcy-nepw {i-bn-m-bva), tZtlm-jvam-hn\v lm\n Fn-h-bp-m-Ipw.

Atkz-tZm-h-n-am-y tcma-lj-kvX-ssY-hN
I^m-hrtX kam-t\-kyp Km{Xm-Wm-mXn inX-Xm.
134

kam-\ I^m-hr-X-am-bm hnbn-m-bva, Anam-yw, tcmam-w, ico-c-n\v XWpv Fn-h-bp-m-Ipw.

hymt\-]n-m-hr-tXXp kymmlx kmw-Kix ax
Km{X-hn-t] kwK km-] kth-Z\x
135

hym\ ]nm-hr-X-am-bm ico-c-n apgp-h Npp-\o-depw oWhpw icocw Cf-p-hm Ign-bm-bvabpw NqSpw thZ-\bpw Dm-Ipw.

KpcpXm k-Km-{XmWmw k-k-y-n-Pm-cpPm
hymt\-I-^m-hr-tX-enwKw KXn-kw-K-kvX-Ym-cp-Pm.
136

hym\-\n I^m-h-c-W-ap-m-bm ico-cm-h-b-h-smw I\w, Fm kn-I-fnepw An-I-fnepw thZ-\, icocw Cf-p-hm\pw \S-p-hm\pw {]Xn-_-w, thZ\ Fo e-W--fp-m-Ipw.

lmcn-{Z-aq-{X-hkvXzw Xm]--Kp-Z-ti^ tkmx
enwKw ]nm-hrtX ƒ]m-t\-c-P-k-m-`n-h-\w.
137

A]m-\-\n ]nm-h-c-W-ap-m-bm aq{X-n\pw ae-n\pw a-\n-dhpw KpZ-n\pw enwK-n\pw Npp-]p-I-nepw B-h-c {]h\w IqSp-X-em-bp-m-hp-Ibpw sNpw.

`nm-a-tjva kwkrjvS Kpcp-hx {]h\w
tjvaWm kwhrtX ƒ]mt\ I^-ta-l-ky-Nm-Kax
138

I^-m A]m-\ Bhr-X-am-b-Xn t\cn-bXpw Zln-m-Xpw I^w IeXpw I\-ap--Xp-amb aew hnkn-p-Ibpw I^-ta-l-ap-m-hp-Ibpw sNpw.

e-Wm-\m-p-an-{iXzw ]n-kyN I^-kyN
D]-e-y-`n-jKv hnZzm an{i-am-h-c-Ww-h-tZ.
139

{]mWmZn ]-hm-bp-v ]nntbpw I^-n-tbpw Bh-cW e-W--fpsS an{iXzw a\-n-em-n-bnv hnZzm-\mb sshZ an{in-X-amb Bh-c-W-am-sWv ]d-b-Ww.

bpZy-ky-hm-tbm \nnjvSw m\w Xt{X-X-cu-nXu
tZmju-_-lp-hn-[m hym[o Zi-tbXmw bYm-\n-Pm.
140

{]mWm-Zn-hm-bp-v GsXm-cp-m\w apv \nt-in--s-pthm AhnsS nXn-sN-p--Xmb addv ]n--I-^-tZm-j- AXm-Xns kz`m-h-tmSp IqSnb At\-I-hn[ tcmK-sf Dm-Ip--Xm-Ip-p.

Bhr-Xm-tjva ]nm`ymw {]W-tm-Zm-\-ta-hN
Kco-b-kvtXz-]-iyn `njPx imkv{X-N-pjx
hnti-jm-Pm-Po-hnXw {]tW-D-Zmt\ kw{in-Xw-_ew
kymXtbmx ]oU-\m lm\n-cm-bp-j _e-ky-N.
141

{]mW\pw DZm-\\pw I^--]n---fm Bhr-X-am-bm imkv{X-ZrjvSym hon-p sshZ lm\n-I-c-am-bn-m-Wp--Xm-Wv. ImcWw {]mW-\n Bbppw DZm-\-\n _ehpw B{i-bnp nXn-sN-p-p. AXp-sImv {]mtWm-Zm-\-mv ]oU-\-ap-m-bm Bbp-n\pw _e-n\pw lm\n kw`-hn-p--Xm-Wv.

kt-]nt ƒ]-cn-mXmx ]cn-kw-hk-cm-kvXYm
Dt]--Wm-Z-kmymx kypcY hm Zpcp-]-{I-am.
142

Cu ]d Fm-hn[ Bh-c-W-tZm-j-fpw a\-n-em-hm-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw Hcp sIm-n-e-[nIw ]g-Ip-Ibpw NnInkn-msX Dt]-n-p-Ibpw AYhm NnInk ]ng-p-Ibpw sNbvXm Akm-y-am-bn-o-cp--Xm-Wv.

lrt{Zm-tKm-hn-{Z[nx olm-Kptam ƒXn-kmc GhN
`N-yp-]-{Z-hm-kvtX-jm-am-hr-Xm-\m-ap-t]--Wm
Xkva-Zm-h-cWw sshZyx ]h-\-tkym] e-tb
]m--Iky hmtX\ ]nt\ tjva-Wm-]nhm
`nj-KvPn-ssX-kvXXx kay-Kp-]-ey kam-N-tc
A\-`n-jy-n`nx kv\nKvssx t{kmXkmw ipn-Im-c-ssIx.
143

{]mWmZn hmbp-p-m-Ip Bh-c-W-tZm-j-sf NnInkn-msX Dt] sNbvXm lrt{Zm-Kw, hn{Z-[n, ol-tcm-Kw, Kp, AXn-kmcw Fo D]-{Z-h-hym-[n-I Dm-Ip--Xm-Wv. AXn-\m sshZy {]mWmZn ]-hm-bp--fpsS At\ym-\y-ap Bh-c-W-tbpw ]n-mepw I^-mepw D Bh-c-W-tZm-j--sfbpw th-Xp-t]mse a\-n-em-n-b-Xn-\p-tijw Dp-gp-p-m-m-Xpw kv\nKv-X-bp-Xpw t{kmX-p-Iv ipn-h-cp-p--Xp-amb NnInk-I-tf-smv sshZy Ahsb Pbn--Ww.

I^-]n--hn-cpw bZvb hmXm-\p-tem-a\w
k-m-\m-hr-tX-]ym-ip-XImcyw amcp-tX-ln-Xw.
144

Fm m\--fnepw Bhr-X-amb hmbp-hn I^-]n--v hncp--a-m-Xpw hmbp-hns\ t\h-gnv {]hn-n-p--Xp-amb NnInk DSs\ sNp-Xv \-Xm-Ip-p.

bm]-\m-h-kvXbx {]mtbm-a-[pcmx km\p-hm-k\mx
{]k-aoy _em-[nIyw arZphm {kwk-\w-lnXw
145

knn-m-\-n ]d hn[-n-ep bm]\ hkvXn-Ifpw an-hmdpw a[p-c-{]-[m-\-amb hkvXn-Ifpw kvt\l--h-kvXn-Ifpw sN-Ww. Bh-c-W-tZm-j-n tcmKnbpsS _em-[n-Iyhpw AYhm tcmK-ns _em-[n-Iyhpw a\-n-em-n-bnv arZp-hn-tc-N\w sNp-Xpw \-Xm-Ipp.

ckm-b-\m\mw kt-jm-ap-]-tbmKx {]i-kytX
ssie-ky-P-Xpt\m ƒXyw ]bkm Kpp-tem-kvX-Ym.
telw hm `mh t{]m-a-`y-tk oc-`p-cx
A`-bm-a-e-Io-tbm-m-t\-Im-Z-i-an-Xm-i\x.
146

Bh-c-W-tZm-j-n Fm-hn[ ckm-b-\--fpsS {]tbm-Khpw \-Xm-Ip-p. inem-Pnv (I--Zw) D]-tbm-Kn-p-Xpw \-Xm-Ip-p. AYhm ]mev am{Xw Blm-c-ambn D]-tbm-Knp tcmKn Nyh-\-{]miw Blm-c-ambn D]-tbm-Knp tcmKn Nyh-\-{]miw tkhn--Ww. AXp-t]m-se-Xs anXm-lmcw Ign-p-sImv A`-bm-a-e-Io-bm-ym-b-n ]d ]Xn-s\mv hn[-n-ep ckm-b-\-tbm-K-sf ioen-p-Xpw \-Xm-Ip-p.

A]m-t\-\m-hr-tX-kw Zo]-\-{Km-ln-t`-jPw
hmXm-\p-tem-a-\w-b ]Izm-ib hntim-[\w
CXn kwt-]Xx t{] am-hr-Xm\mw NnInknXw
{]mWm-Zo\mw `njIv Ipcym hnXy kzb-ta-h-X.
147

A]m-\-\m Bhr-X-am-bn-p Fm hmbp-hnepw Zo]-\s Dm-p-Xpw {Kmln-bm-bn-p-Xpw hmXs A\p-tem-a-am-p-Xpw ]Izm-i-bs ipn-h-cp-p--Xp-amb Huj-[- {]tbm-Kn--Ww. C{]-Imcw Npcp--n {]mWmZn ]-hm-bp--fpsS Bh-cW NnInksb ]d-b-s-p. AXv sshZyU kzw _pn-sIm-vXs Btem-Nnp Xocp-am-\n-nv bpn-t]mse sNt--Xm-Wv.

]nm-hr-tXXp ]n-Lvss\ amcp-X-kyu-\p-tem-ass\x
I^m-hrtX Ig-^-Lvss\ `njIv Ipcym{]-Xn-{In-bmw.
148

{]mWmZn ]-hm-bp- ]n-m Bhr-X-am-b-Xn-em-Is ]n-i-a-\-Nn-Inkbpw sN-Ww. I^-m B-hr-X-am-b-Xn I^s ian-n-p-Xpw hmbp-hns\ A\p-tem-a-am-p--Xp-amb NnInk sshZy sN-Ww.

temtI-hm-bz tkmam\mw Zphn-t-bm-b-Ym-KXnx
XYm-i-cotc hmXky ]n-kym]n I^-kyN
bw-hrw ka-Xz XssY-hm-h-cWw `njIv
hnm-b-]-h-\m-Zo\mw \ {]ap-lyXn I-kp.
149

temI-n hmbp-hn-tbpw kqcy-N-{-m-cp-tSbpw KXn F{]-Imcw Adn-bp-hm hnj-a-amtWm A{]-Imcw ico-c-n nXn sNp hmX-n-tbpw ]n-n-tbpw I^-n-tbpw KXn Adn-bp-hm hnj-a-am-Ip-p. hmX--]n---I-^--fpsS bw, hrn, ka-\n-e, AXp-t]m-se-Xs Bh-cWw Fn-hsb a\-n-emn NnInk sNp--Xn sshZy bmsXmcp hn[-nepw {`anp t]mI-cp-Xv.

]m-\x m\-h-im--cotc
m\m\n Im-WnN tZl-[mtXmx
{]tIm-]-tlXpx Ip]n-X--tcm-Km
mt\-jp-Nm-t\y-jp-hrtXm ƒhr-X
{]mtW-izcx {]W-`rXmw ItcmXn
{Inbm-N-tXjmw \nJn-em-\n-cpm
XmwtZi kmyp _em-\y-thy
{]tbm-P-tb-mkv{X aXm-\p-km-co.
150

m\-h-im tZls [cn-p--Xmb ]-hm-bp--fpsS ico-c-n-ep m\--tfbpw I--tfbpw Ah tIm]n-p-hm-\p Imc-W--tfbpw tIm]n-m-ep-m-Ip tcmK--tfbpw ]d-b-s-p. kzm-\--fnepw addv m\--fnepw Bhr-Xhpw A\m-hr-X-hp-am-bn-p hmbp Pohn-Iv Fsmw tcmK-sf Dm-p-pthm Ah-bvp NnInkbpw apgp-h-\p-ambn ]d-b-sp imkv{X-n ]d--Xn--\p-k-cnp {]hn-p sshZy Cu ]d NnInksb tZiw, kmyw, EXp _ew Chsb t\mn-bnv {]tbm-Kn--Ww.

CXy-n-thi IrtX-Xt{ Nc-I-{]Xn kwkvIrtX ƒ
{]m]vtX-Zr-V-_e {]Xn-kw-kvIrtX NnIn-n-X-mt\
hmX-tcmK NnIn-nXw \ma AjvS-hnwtim ƒymbx

tmI x 1 - 15 16 - 30 31 - 45 46 - 60 61 - 75

76 - 90 91 - 105 106 - 120 121 - 135 136 - 150