A²ymbw þ 1 |
aZ\Ið]w |
| tÇmI§Ä : | 1-10 | 11-20 | 21-30 | ||
AYmtXm aZ\Ið]w hymJymkymax
CXnlkvaml `Khm\mt{Xbx.1
NnInðkmØm\m\´cw Iev]Øm\¯nse aZ\Iev]w Fó A²ymbs¯ Bt{Xb `Khm³ D]tZin¨Xp {]Imcw Aánthi alÀjn hnhcn¡póp. NnInðkmØm\¯nð ]dª ha\hntcN\ {]tbmK§sf hnkvXcn¨p {]Xn]mZn¡póXmWv Ið]Øm\w. IqSmsX ]ôIÀ½§fnð {][m\amb hkvXn{]tbmKw ASp¯ kn²nØm\¯nemWv ]dªn«pÅXv. hkvXn¡v ap¼mbn ha\hntcN\w Hgn¨pIqSm¯XmWv. AXpsImïv k²nØm\¯n\p ap¼mbn Cu Iev]Øm\w hnhcn¨Xmbpw IW¡m¡Ww. |
AY Jep ha\hntcN\mˡw aZ\^emZn {Xnhr
XmZo\mw ha\ hntcN\ {ZhymWmw kptJm] t`mKr
Xssax klmss\y {ZsshyÀ hnhnss[x XtZymKm\mw
{Inbmhot[x kptJm]mbky kayKp]Ið]\mÀ°w
Ið]Ømt\ ap]tZ£ymtamánthi.2
Iev]Øm\¯nsâ {]tbmP\w þ ha\hntcN\mÀ°w aZ\^emZnbpw {XnhrXmZnbpamb ha\hntcN\ {Zhy§fpsS Gähpw kpJIcamb D]tbmK¯n\mbpw AtXmSpIqSn aäv hnhn[ hn[¯nepÅ ha\ hntcN\ {Zhy§fpsS hnhcW¯n\mbpw ChbpsS kpJIcamb {Inbm{Iaw thïXpt]mse hnhcn¨p Xcphm\mbpw Aánthim Cu Ið]Øm\w D]tZin¨pXcmw. |
X{XtZmjlcW aqÀ²z`mKw ha\kwÚIw At[m
`mKw hntcN\ kwÚIw D`bw hm icoc aehntc
N\mZv hntcN\ kwÚm e`tX.3
DÀ²z¯nð¡qSn AXmbXv hmbnð¡qSn tZmjs¯ ]pd¯v IfbpóXn\v ha\w Fóv ]dbpóp. At[m`mK¯v IqSn AXmbXv, KpZamÀ¤¯nð¡qSn tZmjs¯ ]pd¯v IfbpóXn\v hntcN\w Fóv ]dbpóp. AYhm ha\hpw hntcN\hpw icocaes¯ hntcNn¸n¡póXmbXpsImïv cïn\pw hntcN\ i_vZw D]tbmKn¡mhpóXmWv. |
X{X DjvW Xo£vW Ç£vW kq£va hyhmbn hn
Imio\yuj[m\n. kzhotcyW lrZbapt]Xy [a\o
c\pkrXy kayKv bpàym\pt{kmtXm`yx tIhew
icocKXw tZmjkwLmXamtábXzmZv hnjyµb´o.
ssX£vWymZv hnÑnµ´o. khnÑnóx ]cn
¹hx kvt\l`mhntX Imtb kvt\lmà `mP\Ø
anh £u{ZakÖ³ {]hW`mhmZmamibamKaymZm\{]Wptómán hmbzmßIXzmaqÀ²zw `mK
{]`mhmZuj[tkymÀ²zapZv`nZytX. kene ]rYn
hymßI XzmZt[m`mK {]`mhmZuj[kym[x {]hÀ¯tX. D`bXtÝm`b KpWXzmZn e£tWmt±ix
4
DjvWþXo£vWþÇ£vW kq£vaþhyhmbnþhnImin KpW§tfmSpIqSnb Huj[§Ä kz´w hocywsImïv lrZbs¯ {]m]n¨p [a\oZzmcmØqehpw kq£vahpamb t{kmXÊpIfnð¡qSn tZl¯nð apgph³ ØnXnsN¿pó tZmjkaqls¯ DjvW KpWw\nan¯w {Zho`qXam¡pIbpw Xo£vWKpWw \nan¯w Onó`nóam¡pIbpw sN¿póp. A§ns\ Onó`nóambn A§pan§pw kôcn¡pó tZmj§Ä kv\nKv²X hcp¯nb icoc¯nð s\¿v ]pc«nb ]m{X¯nð Hgn¨ tXs\ót]mse bmsXmcp XSÊhpw IqSmsX Bamibs¯ {]m]n¨p DZm\hmbphn\mð t{]cnXambn Huj[¯nsâ Aán hmbzmßIXzw \nan¯hpw (ha\{Zhy§Ä AánhmbzmßIXzIambncn¡pw) tZmj§sf taðt]mt«¡v \bn¡phm\pÅXnsâ {]`mhw \nan¯hpw tZmjkwLmXs¯ taðt]mt«¡v \bn¡póp. hntcN\{Zhyw Peþ`qanKpW {][m\amIbmepw AXnsâ At[m`mK tZmjlcXzcq] {]`mhw \nan¯ambpw tZmjkwLmXs¯ At[m`mKt¯¡v {]hÀ¯n¸n¡póp. AánKpWhpw hmbpKpWhpw PeKpWhpw `qan KpWhpw IqSn¡eÀó Huj[§Ä AXnsâ DuÀ²zm`mK tZmjlcXz cq]{]`mhw \nan¯w tZmj kwLmXs¯ DuÀ²zmt[m `mK§fnembn {]hÀ¯n¸n¡póp. ha\hntcN\ e£W§Ä Npcp¡¯nð C{]ImcamIpóp. |
X{X ^ePoaqXtI£zmI[mamÀ¤h IpSP IrXth
[\m\mw, iymam{Xnhr¨XpcwKpe XnezI almhr£
k]vXem iwJn\oZ´o {`h´o\mw, \m\mhn[ tZi
Ime kw`h kzmZp ckhocy hn]mI {]`mh {Kl
Wm\mw, tZltZmj {]IrXnhtbm _emán `pàn
kmßytcmKmhØmZo\mw \m\m{]`mhXzm¨ hn
Nn{X KÔþhÀ®þckþkv]Àim\map]t`mK kpJm
ˡa]cn kwtJytbm] tbmKm\a]n N kXmw {Zhym
Wmw hnIð] amÀt¤m]ZÀi\mÀ°w jUv hntc
N\tbmK iXm\n hymJymkymax.5
ae¦mc¡. tZhXmfn, Ibv]¨pcw, ISemSn, ISI¸me, Im«p]o¨nð Fóo ha\uj[§fpw \mðt¡mð]s¡mó, XrtImð]s¡mó, h³sImó, Ip½«n, NXpc¡Ån, Ipón, iwJp]pjv]w, \mKZ´n henbZ´n Fóo hntcN\uj[§fpw \m\mhn[ tZi¯nepw Ime¯nepw DïmIpóXpsImïpw ckþhocyþhn]mIþ{]`mh§Ä \m\mhn[¯nembXpsImïpw tZlw, tZmjw, {]IrXn, hbÊv, _ew, PTcmán, cpNn, kmßyw, tcmKmhØ apXembhbpsS \m\mhn[ {]`mhw \nan¯ambpw At\Ihn[¯nembXpsImïv hnNn{X§fmb KÔþhÀ®þckþkv]Ài§fpsS D]tbmK¯n\mbn AkwJy§fmb D]tbmK§fptSbpw icnbmb {Zhy§fptSbpw ]£m´camÀ¤w a\Ênem¡phm\mbn 600þhntcN\ (ha\hntcN\) tbmK§sf hnhcn¨pXcmw. |
Xm\nXp {ZhymWo tZiImeKpW `mP\k¼Zv hocy
_em[m\mð {Inbm kaÀ° Xam\n `h´n.6
Cu ]dª ha\ hntcN\ {Zhy§Ä \ñ tZi¯nepw Ime¯pw DïmbXpw \ñ KpWapÅXpw \ñ ]m{X¯nð kq£n¨Xpw Bbmð hocy_ew DïmhpI\nan¯w Gähpw {]hÀ¯\tijnbpÅXmbn¯ocpóp. |
X{X {Xnhn[x JeptZtim PmwKtem\q]x km[m
cWtÝXn. X{X PmwKex NcymImi `qbnjvTkv
Xcp`nc]nIZc JZncmk\mizIÀ® [hXn\oi iñIo
ime tkmahð¡ _Zco XnµpImiz° hSmaeIo
h\Kl\x At\I iaoIIp`inw i]m{]mbx Ønc
ipjvI ]h\ _e hn[qbam\ {]\r¯y¯cpWhnS
]x {]XXarKXrjvWm Iqt]m]KqVkvX\pJc ]cp
j knIXm iÀ¡cm _lpex emhXn¯ncn NtImcm
\p{]mNnX `qan`mtKm hmX ]n¯ _lpex Ønc
ðTn\a\pjy {]mtbmtÚbx.7
tZiw aqóv hn[¯nemIpóp. 1. PmwKew, 2. B\q]w,3.km[mcWw Chbnð PmwKetZiw Npäp]mSpw BImi¯mð aqSs¸«ncn¡pw. shIcn§men, th§, AizIÀ®w (kmet`Zw) Ra, sXmSpImc, Cu´p, ]bn³, tXmhcmbn, e´, ]\n¨n, Acbmev, Bev, s\ñn Fóo hr£§Ä IqSpXembpÅXmbncn¡pw. hÓn, NaX, \oÀacpXv, CcpÄ Ch an¡hmdpw hfsc IqSpXembpïmIpóXmbncn¡pw. Ønchpw ipjvIhpamb Imäv hoipIbpw B Imtääv sNdphr£§Ä \r¯amSpóXpt]mse BSnsImïncn¡póXmbncn¡pw. \r¯amSpóXpt]mse BSnsImïncn¡póXmbncn¡pw. PmwKetZi¯nð Ft¸mgpw arKXrjvW (an°ymacoNnI) Dïmbn¡mWpw. hmkvXh¯nð shÅw InWänð hfsc Bg¯nembncn¡pIbpw sN¿pw. sNdpXpw ]cp]cp¯Xpw Dd¸pÅXpamb ]qgnbpw Iñpw [mcmfambpïmIpw. PmwKe `qanbnð emh¸£nbpw Xn¯ncn¸£nbpw NtImchpw kôcn¡póXmbn¡mWmw. Cu {]tZi¯nð hkn¡póhÀ hmXþ]n¯m[nIyapïhcpw Ønchpw ITn\hpamb icoct¯mSpIqSnbhcpw Bbncn¡pw. PmwKetZiw e£Ww C{]ImcamsWódnbWw. |
AYm\qt]m lnXmeXame \mcntIe IZfnh\Kl
\x, kcnð kap{Z]cy´{]mbx, ininc ]h\ _
lptemhRvPpfhm\otcm]tim`nXXocm`nx kcnZv`n
cp]KX`qan`mKx, A£nXn [c\nIRvtPm] tim`n
tXm, aµ]h\m\phoPnX£nXncpl Klt\mt\Ih\
cmPo ]pjv]nX h\Kl\ `qan`mKx, kv\nKv²X
cp{]Xmt\m] KptVm lwk N{IhmI _emIm \µo
apJ ]pWvUcoI ImZw_aZvKp tImbjvSn`rwKcmP
iX]{Xa¯tImInem\p\mZnX XcpWhnZ]x kpIp
amc]pcjx ]h\I^ {]mtbmtÚbx. 88
B\qltZie£Ww þ Cu¯¸\, Fgpt¯me¸\ sX§v, hmg Ch CSXn§nbpïmIpw. Npäp]mSpw \Znbpw kap{Zhpw an¡hmdpw Dïmbncn¡pw. XWp¯ Imäv \ñh®apïmIpw. hªnbpw BävhªnbpwsImïv tim`n¨ncn¡pó \ZnXoc§Ä hym]n¨ `qanbmbncn¡pw. ]cÀÆX§fpïmIpóXñ. eXmKrl§fnð tim`n¨ncn¡pw. Cfw Imtääv hr£§Ä CfIns¡mïncn¡pw. `qcn`mKw `qanbpw ]pjv]n¨ eXIfmepw henb ImSpIfmepw aqSs¸«ncn¡pw. kv\nKv²Xcp (tZhXmcw AYhm BhW¡v) ]SÀópsImïncn¡pw. Acbów, N{IhmI¸£n, sIm¨, Xmdmhv, hïv, Infn, \oÀ¡m¡, Ipft¡mgn, hïv, acwsIm¯n¸£n, Ipbnð Fónh i_vZn¨psImïncn¡pó sNdphr£§fpïmIpw. B\q]tZi¯nð hkn¡pó a\pjy³ kpIpamc icoc {]IrXn¡mcpw hmXI^m[nIyapÅhcpw Bbncn¡psaódnbWw. |
B\tbmtch ZztbmÀ tZitbmÀ hoXZ h\kv]Xnhm\
kv]Xy iIp\n arKWbpXx ØnckpIpamc _e
kwl\t\m]]óx km[mcW KpWbpà ]pcpjx
km[mctWmtÚbx.9
km[mcW tZie£Ww þ PemwKetZi¯ntebpw B\q]tZi¯ntebpw hr£eXmZnIfpw ]£narKmZnIfpw DÅXpw AhnsS hkn¡póhcpsS icoc¯nsâ ØncXbpw kpIpamcXbpw _ehpw LS\bpw km[mcW KpWt¯mSpIqSnbncn¡pIbpw sN¿póXv km[mcW tZiamsWódnbWw. |
Xt{X tZti PmwKte km[mcW hm bYmImew inincm
X] ]h\ kene tkhntX ipNu {]Z£ntWmZtI
ivaim\ ssNXytZhbP\mKmck`m iz{`mcma hevao
tImjc hnclntX IpitcmlnjmkvXoÀ® kv\nKv
² IrjvWa[pcar¯ntI kphÀ® hÀ® ar¯ntI
hm arZmh^meIrjvtS\p]ltXss\yÀ_eh¯
sscÀ {Zpssacuj[m\n PmXm\n {]ikyt´.`10
Cu aqóv tZi§fnð PmwKetZi¯ntem km[mcW tZi¯ntem bYmkabw XWp¸pw shbnepw Imäpw agbpw DïmIpóXpw ipNnbpÅXpw he¯v `mK¯v PemibapÅXpw ivaim\w ]qPnXhr£w, tZhmebw, bmKØew, k`mØm\w, Ipgn, ]qt´m«w, ]päv, £mcapÅ a®v Chbnñm¯Xpw Ipibpw \mòpI¸pñpw aqSnbn«pÅXpw kv\nKv²Xbpw IrjvWhÀ®hpw a[pchpw DÅtXm kzÀ®hÀ®apÅtXm Bb a®pÅXpw `qan arZphmbn«pÅXpw \in¨pt]mIm¯Xpw _eapÅ hr£§fpÅXpamb `qanbnepïmIpó Huj[§Ä D¯aamIpóp. |
| tÇmI§Ä : | 1-10 | 11-20 | 21-30 |