A²ymbw þ2

AXpeytKm{Xobw imcocw

C\n AXneytKm{Xobw imcocw Fó A²ymbs¯ Bt{Xb `Khm³ D]tZin¨Xp{]Imcw Aánthi alÀjn hnhcn¡póp.

tNmZywþEXpcàw t]mIpóXv \ne¨Xn\ptijw kv{XobpsS `nótKm{X¯nepÅ ]pcpj\pambn clkythgvN \S¯pt¼mÄ ]pcpj³ ]pdt¯¡v hnSpó hkvXp F´mIpóp? AXnsâ \mev ]Zhpw Bdnð \nópÅ DÛhhpw F§ns\bmIpóp? GsXmómWv kv{Xobnð KÀ`cq]ambn¯ocpóXv.

Cu tNmZy¯n\v {][m\ambpw Nne Imcy§Ä a\Ênemt¡ïXpïv. XpeytKm{X¯nepÅ kv{Xosb hnhmlw sN¿cpXv. A§ns\ sNbvXmð AXnepïmIpó k´m\§Ä¡v ]ehn[ tcmK§fpïmIpw. a\pkvarXnbnð ]dbpóp. Ak]nWvUmNbm azXpck tKm{XmNbm]nXpx km {]ikvXmZznPmXo\mw ZmcIÀ½nWn ssaYpt\. CXn EXpcàw t]mbns¡mïncn¡pt¼mÄ ssaYp\w sN¿cpXv. A§ns\ sNbvXmð ssaYp\¯nð KÀt`mev]mZ\w DïmIpóXñ, AYhm DïmIpIbmsW¦nð KÀ`w Aeknt¸mIpItbm {]khn¨mð Ip«n¡v BbpÊv IpFdbpItbm sN¿pw. CXns\ kw_Ôn¨v kp{ipXw imcoc¯nð hfsc hniZambn ]dªn«pïv. ssaYp\w clkyambn sN¿Ww A§ns\ sNbvXnsñ¦nð eÖ\nan¯w ssaYp\IÀ½w bYmhn[n ]qÀ¯nbmIpóXñ. A]qÀ®ssaYp\w \nan¯w kv{Xo¡pw ]pcpj\pw imcocnIhpw am\knIhpamb \m\mhn[ tcmK§sf Dïm¡pw.

D¯cw þ KÀt`mev]mZ\¯n\mbn taOp\¯nð ]pcpj³ kv{Xotbm\nbnð hnSpóXv ip¢w (Semen)Fóv hnZzmòmÀ ]dbpóp. B ip¢w hmbp, Aán, `qan, Pew Fóo {]ikvX KpWbpàamb \mev ]mZ§tfmSp IqSnbXp jUvck¯nð\nópïmbXpw BIpóp.

ip¢w ]ô`uXnIamIpóp. Fómð BImis¯ ChnsS ]dbmXncn¡phm³ ImcWw AXnsâ \njv{InbXzw sImïmsWóv a\Ênem¡Ww. ]pcpj³ `£n¡s¸Spó j{Uk§fS§nb Blmc¯nsâ ]cnWmaamWv ip¢w. D]\nj¯nð ]dbpóp XkvamXzm GXkvamZmß\ BImix kw`qXx BImimZv hmbpx hmtbmcánx, Atácm]x BZv`yx ]rYhn. ]rYnhym Hmj[bx. Hmj[nt`ymƒów. Aómt{ZXx. tcXkx ]pcpjx. khmGj ]cptjmƒó ckabx CXn.

Aánthisâ tNmZywþ]qÀ®tZlt¯mSp IqSnb KÀ`w bYmkab¯nepw bYmkpJhpw F§ns\ {]khn¡póp. hÔybñm¯ kv{Xo F´psImïv Xmakn¨p KÀ`w [cn¡póp. AYhm [cn¨ KÀ`w F´psImïv \jn¨p t]mIpóp.

Bt{Xb `Khmsâ D¯cwþip¢w BÀ¯hcàw, Bßmhv, KÀ`mibw, KÀ`w [cn¨ kabw Fóo KÀt`mev]mZI`mh§Ä ]qÀ®bpàambmepw KÀ`nWnbpsS lnX¯nó\pkcn¨ Blmchnlmc§Ä ioen¨mepw KÀ`w DNnXamb Ime¯pw tcmK§sfmópanñmsXbpw ]qÀ®icoct¯mSp IqSnbpw kpJambpw {]khn¡póXmIpóp. (ip¢mÀ¯hmZnIÄ Cu ]dªXn\p hn]coXambmð AwK§Ä ]qÀ¯nbmImsXbpw tcmKnbmbpw AIme¯nepw hfsc t¢inNpNw {]khn¡póXmbncn¡pw FóÀ°w)

tbm\ntZmjw sImïpw a\kvXm]w sImïpw ip¢mÀ¯h§fpsS tZmjw sImïpw Blmchnlmc§fpsS tZmjwsImïpw DNnXkab¯ñm¯ ssaY\w tlXphmbpw hym[ymZnIfmepïmIpó _e£bw sImïpw kv{Xo hÔybñmXncpómðt]mepw KÀ`w [cn¡phm³ ImeXmakw DïmIpóp.

kv{XobpsS BÀ¯hcàw hmbphn\mð XSbs¸Spt¼mÄ Adnhnñm¯ NneÀ AXv KÀ`amsWóv Xocpam\n¡póp. ImcWw AhfpsS B {khn¨p t]mIm¯ càw hÀ²n¨p KÀ`¯nsâ e£Ws¯ Dïm¡póXmIpóp. Ft¸mÄ B càw Aánk´m]w, kqcyXm]w, ITn\m²zm\w, t{Im[w, ZpxJw Fónh\nan¯amtbm AYhm DjvWapÅ Aó]m\w \nan¯amtbm {]hÀ¯n¡pópthm At¸mÄ KÀ`ImcWs¯ am{Xw Iïn«v Nne Adnhnñm¯hÀ KÀ`s¯ `qXw A]lcn¨psImïpt]mbn Fóv ]dbpóp.

HmPÊns\ Bin¡póXmb cm{XnôcòmÀ¡v Blmc¯n\mbn icocw CjSañ. HmPÊns\ Ain¡pó AhÀ KÀ`s¯ sImïpt]mbXmsW¦nð amXmhnsâ HmPÊns\ Ain¡phm\pÅ Ahkcw In«nbn«v B HmPÊns\ Ain¡msX CjvSañm¯ KÀ`s¯ F´n\p sImïpt]mIWw. AXmbXv CsXmcp tcmKamsWópw KÀ`s¯ `qXw sImïpt]mbXsñópw Adnhnñm¯hÀ A§ns\ ]dbpóXmsWópw AÀ°w.

tNmZyw þ F´psImïv kv{Xo {]P DïmIpóp? F´psImïv ]pcpj{]P DïmIpóp? F´psImïv kv{Xobpw ]pcpj\pw tPmUnbmbpïmIpóp? F´psImïv cïv ]pcpj{]Pbpw cïv kv{Xo{]Pbpw tPmUnbmbn«pïmIpóp? AYhm IqSpXð k´m\§Ä Htc Ahkc¯nð DïmIpósX§ns\? F´psImïv Nnet¸mÄ hfsc Xmakn¨p {]khw DïmIpóp. cïv k´m\§Ä Hcpan¨pïmbXnð Hóv hepXpw Hóv sNdpXpw Bb¯ocpósX´psImïv?

D¯cw þ BÀ¯h cà¯nsâ B[nIyw sImïv kv{Xo k´m\hpw ip¢¯nsâ B[IywsImïv ]pcpj k´m\hpw DïmIpóp. ip¢timWnX kwtbmKm\´cw B _oPs¯ hmbp cïmbn t`Zn¡s¸SpóXmbmð cïv k´m\§fpïmIpIbpw AXnð Hónð ip¢m[nIyhpw Hónð càm[nIyhpamsW¦nð Hcp ]pcpj k´m\hpw Hcp kv{Xo k´m\hpambn«pïmIpóp. (CXpt]mse XsóbmWv k{ipX¯nepw ]dªn«pÅXv).

kv{XobpsS ip¢tiWnXcq]amb _oP¯nð ip¢¯nóm[nIyapïmIpIbpw hmbphn\mð cïmbn t`Zn¡s¸SpIbpw cïnepw ip¢m[nIyapïmIpIbpw hmbphn\mð cïmbn t`Zn¡s¸SpIbpw cïnepw ip¢m[nIyapïmIpIbpw sNbvXmð cïpw ]pcpjk´m\ambpw AXpt]mse Xsó _oP¯nð càm[nIyapïmbncn¡pIbpw cïmbn t`Zn¡s¸SpIbpw cïnepw càm[nIyapïmbncn¡pIbpw sNbvXmð cïpw kv{Xo k´m\ambpw {]khn¡póp.

hÀ²n¨ hmbp ip¢mÀ¯hs¯ (_oPs¯) {]m]n¨p F{X `mKam¡pópthm A{Xbpw k´m\s¯ X³s^ ]qÀÆPòmÀÖnXamb IÀ½^e¯nó\pkcn¨v {]khn¡póp. C{]Imcw `mKn¡s¸Spt¼mÄ ip¢m[nIyapÅsXñmw ]pcpj k´m\§fmbpw càm[nIyapÅsXñm kv{Xo k´m\§fmbpancn¡pw.

KÀ`¯n\v Blmcw In«mXncn¡pIbpw AYhm tbm\n{kmhapïmIpIbpw sNbvXmð B KÀ`w timjn¨pt]mIpóp. A§ns\bpÅXmb KÀ`s¯ kv{Xo hfsc Xmakn¨p {]khn¡póp. B KÀ`w ]pjvSns¸SpIbmsW¦nð hÀj§tfmfw thïnhcnIbpw sN¿pw.

IÀamam[o\XI1ïpw ip¢mÀ¯hs¯ (_oPs¯) hmbp cïmbn hn`Pn¡pt¼mÄ Hóv hepXpw Hóv sNdpXpw Bbnt¸mIpóXpsImïpw KÀ`mib¯nð Hóv hepXpw sNdpXpw Bbn hfcpóp. C{]ImcamWv cïp Ip«nIfnð Hóv hepXpw Hóv sNdpXpw Bbn¯ocpóXv.

tNmZyw þ ZzntcXm, ]ht\{µnbm kwkvImchmlo, \cjWvU³, \mcojWvU³, h{Po, CuÀjym `ncXn hmXnIjWvU³ Fón§ns\ F«zn[ \]pwkI§Ä F´psImïpïmIpóp.

D¯cw þ ZzntcXm Fó \]pwkcw DïmIphm\pÅ ImcWw þ ip¢timWnX cq]¯nepÅ _oP¯nð ip¢hpw timWnXhpw kaambn tNÀómepw _oPw (ip¢timWnXw) tZmjZpjvSambmepw kv{XobptSbpw ]pcpjtâbpw e£W§tfmSpIqSnb ZzntcXm Fó \]pwkIw DïmIpóp.

]ht\{µnb \]pwkI ImcWw KÀ`Øh\mb iniphnsâ ip¢mibs¯ hmbp \in¸n¨n«v Ahs\ ]ht\{µnb\m¡n¯oÀ¡póp. ]ht\{µnb \]pwkI\mIs« [zPlÀjw hmbphn\mð t{]cnXambpïpIpIbpw ssaYp\¯nð ip¢{kmhanñmXncn¡pIbpw tIhew hmbp am{Xambncn¡pIbpw sN¿pw. AXpsImïv ]ht\{µnb \]pwkIw Fóv ]dbpóp.

kwkvImchmln \]pwkI ImcWw þ ip¢mib Zzmcs¯ hmbp Zpjn¸n¡póXpsImïv kwkvImchmln Fó \]pwkIw DïmIpóp. (hmPoIcWmZn kwkvImc{]tbmKw sImïv ip¢{]hÀ¯\apïmIpóXn\mð kwkvImchmln Fóv ]dbpóp.)

\cjWvUþ\mcojWvUImcWwþamXm]nXm¡fpsS kwt`mKIme¯v thKw aµambpw _oPw (ip¢mÀ¯hw) Aev]ambpw \nkÀ¤_ew Ipdªpw DÕmlanñmsXbpw Bbmð \cjWvUXz¯n\pw \mcojWvUXz¯n\pw ImcWambn¯ocpóp. (Cu ]dª KpW§Ä ]pcpj\mWpÅsX¦nð ]pcpjjWvU\pw kv{Xo¡mWpÅsX¦nð kv{Xo jWvU\pw DïmIphm³ ImcWambn¯ocpóp FódnbWw.)

h{Io \]pwkIImcWw þ kwt`mK¯nð amXmhn\v B{KlanñmbvIbmepw ]nXmhnsâ _oP¯n\v ZpÀ_eXbpïmhpI \nan¯ambpw AXnepïmIpó k´m\w h{Io Fó \]pwkIambn¯ocpóp. (kwt`mK¯nð cïpt]À¡pw Hcpt]mse ssaYpt\Ñ \ðImXncpómð AXnepïmIpó k´m\w h{Io Fó \]pwkIambncn¡pw. Cu \]pwkI¯n\v [zPlÀjw DïmIpóXñ.)

CuÀjym`ncXn Fó \]pwkImcWw þ kv{Xo¡pw ]pcpj\pw ]ckv]cw CuÀjyXbpïmbmð lÀj aµambncn¡pw. AXv CuÀjymcXn Fó \]pwkI¯n\v ImcWambn¯ocpsaóv ]dbpóp. (CuÀjymcXn Fó \]pwkI¯n\v aäpÅhÀ ssaY\w sN¿póXv Iïmð lÀjapïmIpIbpw ssaYp\w sN¿m³ IgnbpIbpw sN¿psaóv kp{ipX¯nð ]dbpópïv. ZrjvSzm hyhmb at\yjmw hyhmtbbx {]hÀ¯tX. CuÀjIx kXp hntÚbx jWvUIx CXn.)

KÀ`mcw`Ime¯v hmbphpw Aánbpw Zpjn¡pI \nan¯w GsXmcph\v hrjWw \in¨pt]mIpópthm Ah³ hmXpI jWvU\mbncn¡pw. (hmXnI jWvUsâ hocy¯nð ip¢mWp DïmIpóXñ) C{]Imcw Aip`IÀ½^eP\yambn F«nhn[¯nepÅ \w]pkI§Ä DïmIpsaóv kqNn¸n¡s¸«p. D]e£Wobmx Fóv ]dªXpsImïv {][m\ambn«pÅXns\ am{Xw ChnsS ]dªXmsWópw aäv hn[¯nepw \]pwkI§Ä DïmIpsaópw a\Ênemt¡ïXpïv.

klPamtbm tZmjPamtbm \]pwkIX DïmIpóXv an¡hmdpw hrjW§Ä¡pw Xðkw_Ônbmb hw£W\mUn apXembhbv¡pw BLmXtaev¡pIbmtem AhnsS tZmj§Ä tIm]p¡pIbmtem Pò\mð Xsó Ahbv¡v tISp]mSpIÄ kw`hn¡pIbmtem ip¢mWp {]hÀ¯\w CñmXmIpóXpsImïmbncn¡pw.

tNmZyw þ KÀ`mib¯nð kZyx{]m]vXamb KÀ`¯nsâ e£Ww F´mIpóp? DZc¯nð ØnXn sN¿pó KÀ`¯nsâ kv{Xo ]pcpj\]pwkI e£Ww F´mIpóp? kam\cq]apÅXmb k´m\w DïmIphm³ ImcWw F´mIpóp?

D¯cw þ kZyx {]m]vXKÀ` e£Ww þ Xp¸ns¡mïncns¡, icoc¯n\v I\w, Ahbh§Ä¡v inYneX, aSn, ¾m\X, lrZb¯nð ]oU, tbm\nbnð Xr]vXnhcnI, tbm\nbnð _oPs¯ {Kln¨ncn¡pI (ip¢mWphpw Unw_hpw _Ôn¡pI) Ch KÀ`w [cn¨mð s]s«ópïmIpó e£W§fmIpóp.

CS¯p`mKs¯ Ahbh§sf IqSpXembn Nen¸n¡pI. ]pcpjs\ B{Kln¡pI, kv{XoenwK hkvXp¡sf kz]v\w ImWpI, kv{XoenwKhmNnbmbncn¡pó Aó]m\mZnIfnð B{Klapïmbncn¡pI, kv{Xotbt¸msebpÅ ioe§fpw tNjvSIfpw ImWn¡pI KÀ`w CS¯v `mK¯v DbÀópImWpI, KÀ`w h¯mIrXnbneñmXncn¡pI, CSs¯ apebnð BZyw ]mepïmIpI Fóo e£W§fpÅ kv{Xo kv{Xo{]Psb {]khn¡pw. CXn\v hn]coXamb AXmbXv he¯p `mKs¯ Ahbh§sf IqSpXembn Nen¸n¡pI, kv{Xosb B{Kln¡pI, ]pcpjenwKhkvXp¡sf kz]v\w ImWpI, ]pcpjenwKhmNnbmb Aó]m\mZnIfnð B{Klapïmbncn¡pI, ]pcpjs\ t]msebpÅ ioe§fpw tNjvSIfpw ImWn¡pI, KÀ`w he¯v `mK¯v DbÀóp ImWpI, KÀ`w hr¯mIrXnbnembncn¡pI, hes¯ apebnð BZyw ]mð DïmIpI Fóo e£W§fpÅ kv{Xo ]pcpj k´m\s¯ {]khn¡pw. Cu ]dª cïv e£W§fpw CSIeÀópIïmð \]pwkIs¯ {]khn¡póXmbncn¡pw.

_oP k¦e\ kab¯v kv{XobpsS a\Êv GXv PohnbnemtWm B PohntbmSv kmZriyapÅ k´m\s¯ AhÄ {]khn¡póXmbncn¡pw.

Fñm KÀ`¯nsâ tZl¯nepw amXrPw (timWnXPw) ]nXrPw (ip¢Pw) BlmcPw (_oPk¦e\m´cw amXmhnsâ BlmcPw) ]qÀÆPòmÀPmPnX IÀ½Pw Fóo \menð \nópw hmbzmZn \mep`qX§fpw DïmIpóp. AXmbXv amXrP]rYnhn, ]nXrP]rYnhn, BlmcP]rYnhn, IÀ½P ]rYnhn Fóo {Ia¯nð \mep `qX§fpw IqSnbXmWv KÀ`icocw CXnð hntijn¨v amXr]nXrIÀ½§fmb `qX§ð¡v GXn\msW _ew AXn\v kmZriyapÅ k´m\w DïmIphm³ ImcWambn¯ocpóp FódnbWw. AXmbXv amXmhn\v kZriamb k´m\amsW¦nð AhnsS amXrP`qX§Ä¡mWv {]_eXsbópw ]nXmhn\v kZriamb k´m\amsW¦nð AhnsS IÀ½P`qX§Ä¡mWv {]_eXsbópw a\Ênem¡Ww. kmZriy¯nð BlmcP`qX§Ä ImcWambn¯ocpóXñ. BlmcP`qX§tfs¡mïv AXn\\pkcn¨ h®w DïmImhpóXmWv bmZrKzÀ®amlmcap]tkhsX. KÀ`nWo XmZrKzÀ® {]khm `htXytI `mjt´. Fóv kw{ipX¯nð ]dªn«pïv. kXzw (a\Êv) ]qÀÆP´¡nð F{]Imcambncpópthm AXn\v kZriambncn¡pw. AXmbXv ASp¯p Ignª Pò¯nð tPh\msW¦nð a\jyXzw arKamsW¦nð arKXzhpw Bbncn¡psaóÀ°w.

tNmZyw þ F´v ImcWwsImïmWv kv{Xo hnIrXbmbn«pÅXpw Ahbh§Ä IpdªXpw Ahbh§Ä IqSnbXpw C{µnb§Ä Zpjn¨Xpamb k´m\s¯ {]khn¡póXv? Bßmhv F§ns\bmWv Blmc¯nð \nóv asämcp tZl¯nte¡v t]mIpóXv Bßmhnsâ IqsS kZm F´nsâ A\p_ÔamWpïmIpóXv.

D¯cwþ ip¢tiWnX_oPw. Xsâ IÀ½w, KÀ`mibw, Imew ChbpsS tZmj§tfs¡mïpw AXpt]mseXsó amXmhnsâ KÀ`Ime¯pÅ Blmchnlmc tZmj§sfs¡mïpw ZpjnXamb hmXmZn tZmj§Ä BIrXn, hÀ®w, C{µnbw Chbv¡v \m\mhn[¯nepÅ hnIrXnIsf Dïm¡póp. (kp{ipXw imcocw cïmw A²ymb¯nð Cónó ImcW§Ä sImïmWv hnIrXKÀ`w DïmIpóXv Fóv hniZambn ]dªn«pïv.

hÀjIme¯nð \ZnbpsS Icbnð ØnXnsN¿pó hndIpIfpw IñpIfpw hÀjPe¯nsâ thKw sImïv F{]Imcw hnIrXamIpópthm A{]Imcw KÀ`mib¯nð IÀ½himð ØnXn sN¿pó KÀ`s¯ hmXþ]n¯þI^§Ä hnIrXam¡póXmIpóp.

AXy´w kq£vaambncn¡pó \mev `qX§tfmSv KÔXòm{X, kv]ÀiXòm{X, cq]Xòm{X, ckXòm{X) tNÀóncn¡póXpw a\Ênsâ {InbsImïv thKhm\pambncn¡pó Bßmhv IÀ½himð Hcp tZl¯nð \nóv asämcp tZls¯ {]m]n¡póp. AXn\mIs« \áN£ÊvsImïv ImWmhpó cq]w Cñ. Zney N£pÊpsImïv ImWmhpóXmWv.

B Bßmhv kÀÆKmanbpw kÀÆicoct¯bpw `cn¡póh\pamWv. Ah³ hnizIÀ½mhpw hnizcq]\pamWv. Ah³ tNX\m[mXphpw C{µnb§sfs¡mïdnbm³ Ignbm¯h\pamWv. Ah³ Ft¸mgpw at\m_p²ymXnIfnð \nóv hn«mð tam£ambn) Ah³XsóbmWv cmKtZzjm[nItfmSv IqSnbncn¡póXv AXmbXv Ft¸mÄ Bßmhv tIhe kzcq]ambn¯ocpópthm At¸mÄ cmKtZzjm[nIÄ DïmIpóXñ.

icoc¯nð ckPw, BßPw, amXrPw, ]nXrPw Fóo t`tZ\ \mev `qX§Ä ]Xn\mdphn[¯nemsWódnbWw. (1. amXrP]rYnhn, 2. ]nXrP]rYnhn, 3. BlmcP]rYnhn, 4. IÀ½P]rYnhn, 5. amXrÖew, 6. ]pXrPew, 7. BlmcPew, 8. IÀ½Pew, 9. amXrPAán, 10. ]pXrPAán, 11. BlmcPAán, 12. IÀ½PAán, 13. amXrPhmbp, 14. ]nXrPhmbp, 15. BlmcPhmbp, 16. IÀ½Phmbp) Cu \mev `qX§fpw Bßmhns\ B{ibn¨p \nð¡póp Bßmhv Cu \mev `qX§sfbpw B{ibn¨p \nð¡pIbpw sN¿póp.

KÀ`¯nð amXmhn\mepïmIpó \mev `qX§Ä¡v cPsÊópw ]nXmhn\mepïmIpó \mev `qX§Ä¡v ip¢saópw ]dbpóp. ip¢hpw cPÊpw GXv \mev `qX§sfs¡mïv hfcpópthm Ahbv¡v ckPw Fóv ]dbpóp. IÀ½amb (]qÀÆPòIrX ip`mip`^eP\yamb) \mev `qX§Ä BßmthmSv tNÀóp\nð¡póXpw KÀ`t¯mSp IqSnb B `qXmßmhmIs« Bßmhv Hcp tZlw hn«v asämcp tZl¯nð {]thin¡pt¼mÄ Hcpan¨pXsó t]mbn Hmtcm tZl¯nepw {]thin¡póXmIpóp.

IÀ½P\yamb `qX§fpsS cq]¯nð\nóv cqt]mev]¯nbpïmIpóp. C{]Imcw ]qÀÆPò¯nð a\Êv F{]Imcambncpópthm A{]Imcw Xsó a\ÊpïmIpóp. a\Ênsâ BIrXnt`Z¯n\pw _p²nbpsS BIrXnt`Z¯n\pw ImcWw cPkvXtam KpW§fpw IÀ½hpw BIpóp.

Bßmhv AXnkq£vaambncn¡pó AXo{µnbamb ]ô`qX§fnð \nóv Hcp¡epw (tam£¯n\v ap¼v) hn«p \nð¡pó cq]añ. Bßmhv IÀ½¯nð \nópw a\Ênð \nópw _p²nbnð \nópw hn«p \nð¡póXñ. Al¦mc¯nð \nópw hnImctZmj§fnð \nópw (C{µnb hnjb§fnð \nópw) Bßmhv hn«p\nð¡póXñ. AXmbXv Cu ]dªhbnð \nsómópw tam£¯n\v ap¼v Bßmhv hn«p\nð¡póXñ.

a\Êv Ft¸mgpw cPkvXtam KpW§tfmSv _Ôs¸«p \nð¡póXmIpóp. Fómð bYmÀ°Úm\w DïmImt¯St¯mfw Imew a\Êv kÀÆtZmjambncn¡pw. tZmjbpàamb a\Êpw _eh¯mb IÀ½^ehpw Hcp tZl¯nð\nóv asämcp tZl¯nte¡pÅ Ka\ {]hr¯nbm¡mIs« ImcWhpamIpóp.

tNmZyw þ tcmK§Ä FhnsS\nópïmIpóp? AhbpsS ia\¯n\v ImcWw F´mIpóp? kt´mj¯n\pw ZpxJ¯n\pw ImcWw F´mIpóp? imcocnIambpw am\knIambpw DïmIpó tcmK§Ä ian¡mXncn¡pósX´psImïv? hoïpw DïmIpósX´psImïv?

D¯cwþ HómaXmbn {]Úm]cm[w, cïmaXmbn Akmtßy{µnbmÀ° kwtbmKw, aqómaXv Ime¯nsâ ]cnWmaw (ImemÀ° IÀ½§fpsS lo\an°ymXntbmKw) Cu aqóv ImcW§tfs¡mïv tcmK§Ä DïmIpóp. Úm\w, C{µnbmÀ°w Imew Ch aqóntâbpw kayt\ymKw Fñmhn[ tcmK§tfbpw ia\¯n\pw ImcWamIpóp. [À½]camb IÀ½§Ä kt´mj¯n\pw AXn\p hn]coXamb AXmbXv A[À½]camb IÀ½§Ä ZpxJ¯n\pw ImcWamIpóp. imcocnIhpw am\knIhpamb tcmK§Ä Ah cïpw CñmXmbmð ]nsó DïmIpóXñ. (AXmbXv tam£s¯ {]m]n¨mð ]nsó imcocnIhpw am\knIhpamb tcmK§Ä DïmIpóXsñóÀ°w)

icoc¯ntâbpw a\Êntâbpw k´XnbpsS AXmbXv A\hnÑnóamb [mcm {]hml¯nsâ BZn ]dbm³ IgnbpóXñ. ImcWw AXv Hcn BZnbpw CñmXmIpóp. (krjvSnbpsS {]hmlw A\mZnbmIpóp) icoc¯ntâbpw a\Êntâbpw \nhr¯n (\miw) t{ijvTamb [rXn (\nbamßnI _p²n) sImïpw t{ijvTamb kvarXnsImïpw t{ijvSamb _p²nsImïpw DïmtIïXmIpóp. (DðIrjvSamb[o[rXn) kvarXnIfoeqsS Bßmhns\ icoc¯nð \nópw a\Ênð \nópw hnSphn¡póXmIpóp. A§ns\ hn«mð ]nsó P\\ acW§fpw ZpxJhpw Cñ.

imcocnIhpw am\knIhpamb tcmK§Ä DïmIpóXn\v ap¼v {]Xn{Inb (kzØhr¯n) Ft¸mgpw ioen¡póh\pw PntX{µnb\pw ]qÀÆPòIrX IÀ½^eP\yamb tcmK§sfmópansñ¦nð Hcn¡epw tcmKw DïmIpóXñ.

]qÀÆPòmÀÖnXamb IÀ½^ew GsXmómtWm AXv ssZhw Fóv ]dbpóp. Cu Pò¯nð sNbvX IÀ½^ew GXmtWm AXv ]ucpjw Fóv ]dbpóp. Cu ]dª cïv IÀ½¯ntâbpw hnjaw (AtbmKmXntbmK an°ymtbmKw) tcmK{]hr¯n¡v ImcWamIpóp. Cu cïv IÀ½¯nsâbpw katbmKamIs« tcmK\nhr¯n¡pw ImcWamIpóp.

tcmKw DïmIpóXn\v ap¼v {]XnImcw sN¿m\pÅ D]mbw þ tla´EXphnð hÀ²n¡pó tZmjs¯ (I^s¯) hk´EXphnepw {KojvaEXphnð hÀ²n¡pó tZmjs¯ (hmbpsh) hÀjEXphnepw hÀjEXphnð hÀ²n¡pó tZmjs¯ (]n¯s¯) icXvEXphnepw tim[\ sNbvXv ]pdt¯¡v Ifªmð EXpP\yamb tcmK§Ä DïmIpóXñ. (tZmj\nÀlcW{Iaw) icnbmb hn[¯nð kq{XØm\¯nð ]dªn«pïv)

lnXamb Blmchnlmc§sf ioen¡póh\pw ImcymImcy§fpw lnXmlnX§fpw t\m¡n {]hÀ¯n¡póh\pw hnjb¯nð Bkànbnñm¯h\pw Zm\ioe\pw kÀÆPohnIfnepw kaZrjvSnbpÅh\pw a\kmþhmNmþIÀ½Wm kXyw ]men¡póh\pw £amioe\pw Kpcpþhr²þkn²mXn B]vXòmsc tkhn¡póh\pw tcmKapïmIpóXñ.

_p²nbpw hm¡pw IÀ½hpw kpJm\p_Ô¯n\v hnt[bambncn¡pIbpw a\Êv kzm[o\ambncn¡pIbpw \nÀ½eamb _p²nbpw XXzÚm\hpw X]Êpw tbmK¯nð (tam£¯nð) Xmev]cyhpw GsXmcph\ptïm Ahs\ tcmKw _m[n¡póXñ.

Adnhv hÀ²n¡phm³ hfsc {]tbmP\s¸SpóXmb Aánthisâ 236 tNmZy§Ä¡v Cu AXpeytKm{Xobm²ymb¯nð Bt{Xb `Khm³ hn[n{]Imcw D¯cw \nÀ®bn¨psImSp¯p.