A²ymbw þ 1

Ið]\mkn²n

Iev]Øm\m\´cw kn²nØm\¯nse Iev]\mkn²n Fó A²ymbs¯ Bt{Xb`Khm³ D]tZin¨Xp{]Imcw Aánthi alÀjn hnhcn¡póp.

BbpÀtÆZ NnInðkbnse {][m\ `mKamb tim[\ NnInðkbpsS ^ekn²nsb {]Xn]mZn¡pó Øm\ambXvsImïv CXn\v kn²nØm\w Fóv ]dbpóp. CXn NcIkwlnXbnse Ahkm\s¯ Øm\hpw IqSnbmIpóp.

]ôIÀ½§sf kw_Ôn¨v Aánthisâ 12 tNmZy§Ä. 1. ]ôIÀ½§fnð ]dbs¸« Iev]\ F´mIpóp. 2. AhbpsS {Iaw F´mIpóp. 3. Ah sNbvXmepw sN¿mXncpómepw DÅ e£Ww F´mIpóp. 4. hkvXnbpsS kwJym{Iaw F{XbmIpóp. 5. hkvXnbpsS KpWw F´mIpóp. 6. GtXXv tcmK§fnð GtXXv hkvXnbmWv sNt¿ïXv. 7. ]ôIÀ½w ioen¡pt¼mÄ Fs´ms¡ hÀÖn¡Ww. 8. ]ôIÀ½¯nð ]°yw BNcnt¡ï Imew F{XbmIpóp. 9. hkvXn {]tbmKn¡pt¼mÄ DÅnð {]thin¡mXncn¡phm³ ImcWw F´mIpóp. 10 F´v ImcWwsImïv £W¯nð {]thin¡póp. 11. F´v sImïv Xmakw t\cnSpóp. 12. Nne km²y tcmK§Ä AXmXnsâ ia\uj[ {]tbmK¯mð F´vsImïv ian¡pónñ. injyòmcnð t{ijvT\mb Aánthisâ C{]ImcapÅ tNmZyw tI«n«v XXzÚm\nbmb ]p\ÀÆkp Cu tNmZy§Äs¡ñmw icnbmb D¯cw ]dªpsImSp¯p.

Hómas¯ tNmZy¯nsâ D¯cw IpdªXv aqóp Znhkhpw IqSnbXv Ggv Znhkhpw kvt\l{Inb sNbvXXn\ptijw tkzZ{Inb sN¿Ww. GgpZnhk¯nð IqSpXð kvt\{Inb sN¿cpXv. ImcWw GgvZnhk¯nð IqSpXð kvt\lw ioen¨mð AXv kmßyambnt¸mIpw CXns\ kw_Ôn¨v kq{XØm\w 13þmw A²ymb¯nð C{]Imcw ]dªn«pïv. «arZptImjvTkv{Xncmt{XW kv\nlyXytÑm]tkhbm kv\nlyXn {IqctImjvTkvX k]vXcmt{XW am\h: « CXn. CXv kvt\l]m\¯nsâ Hcp kmam\y \nbaamIpóp. arZptImjvT\v aqóv Znhkw htcbpw {Iqc tImjvT\v Ggv Znhkw htcbpw BWv kvt\l]m\w hn[n¨ncn¡póXv. Fómð a²ytImjvT\v Znhkw ]dªn«nsñ¦nepw AXv Aôv ZnhkamsWóv a\Ênem¡Ww. Ggv Znhk¯nð IqSpXð kvt\l]m\w sNt¿ïXmbn hómð ctïm aqtóm Znhkw CShn«v kvt\l]m\w sNt¿ïXmsWópw X{´m´c¯nð ]dbpópïv.

kvt\lw hmXs¯ \in¸n¡pw. icocs¯ arZphm¡n¯oÀ¡pw. icoc¯nð XSªp\nð¡pó tZmj§fpsS AYhm ae§fpsS XSÊs¯ XoÀ¡pIbpw sN¿pw. kv\nKv²X hóhsâ kq£vaamÀ¤§fnð AYhm t{kmXÊpIfnð ebn¨p InS¡pó tZmjs¯ tkzZw {Zho`qXam¡n¯oÀ¡pw. CXmWv kvt\ltkzZ¯nsâ D]tbmKw.

kvt\ltkzZm\´cw OÀ±n¸nt¡ï tcmKn¡v {KmaPohnIfptStbm PePohnIfptStbm B\q]PohnIfptStbm amwkckwsImSp¯pw ]mðsImSp¯pw tZmj¯n\v (I^¯n\v) Dðt¢iw _lnÀKat\mòpJw Dïm¡Ww. hntcNn¸nt¡ïh\v I^hÀ²\hpïm¡m¯ hn[¯nð PmwKePohnbpsS amwkcktam [m\ybqjtam kvt\l{Zhyw tNÀ¯p sImSp¯p ]n¯¯n\v Dðt¢iw Dïm¡Ww. Cu ]mª amwkckmZnIÄ tNÀ¯p Blmcw sImSp¡Wsaópw AXv hntcNn¸nt¡ï tcmKn¡v HcpZnhkhpamWv sImSpt¡ïsXópw kq{XØm\w 13þmw A²ymb¯nð ]dbpópïv. «kvt\lmð {]kvIµ\w P´pkv{Xncmt¨m]cX ]nt_ð kvt\lhð {ZhapjvWw X {Xylw `pàzm ckuZ\w. GImtlm]cXkvXZzð `qàzm {]ÑÀ±\w ]nt_ð. « CXn.

I^m[nIyapÅh³ bmsXmcp t¢ihpw IqSmsX OÀ±n¡póXmbncn¡pw. I^w Ipdªh\mIs« thïXp t]mse hntcN\w DïmIpw. Fómð I^w Ipdªh\v ha\uj[w sImSp¯mð AXv At[m`mKt¯¡v t]mIpóXmbncn¡pw. I^w hÀ²n¨h\v hntcN\uj[w sImSp¯mð AXv OÀ±n¨pt]mhpIbpw sN¿pw.

cïmas¯ tNmZy¯nsâ D¯cw. icoc¯n\v kv\nKv²X hóh\v hn[n{]Imcw ha\uj[w sImSp¡Ww. ha\¯nð kaytKymKw hóhs\ t]bmZn Blmc{Iaw ioen¸n¡pIbpw thWw. ha\m\´cw hntcNn¸n¡Wsa¦nðt]bmZn kwkÀÖ\ {Iam\´cw hoïpw kvt\ltkzZw sNbvXp DNnXamb hntcN\uj[w sImSp¡Ww.

t]bmZn kwkÀÖ\{Iaw þ t\À¯ Iªnbpw sImgp¯ Iªnbpw Xmfn¡msXbpw Xmfn¨pw shs¨Sp¯ [m\ybqjhpw AtX{]ImcapÅ amwkckhpw {][m\ ip²nsImïpw a²yip²nsImïpw Ahcip²n sImïpw tim[\ sNbvXncn¡póh³ {ItaW aqópw cïpw Hópw BlmcIme§Ä apgph\pw tkhn¨p sImÅWw.
t]bmZn{Iaw FóXv Blmc {IaoIcWamIpóp. Aów Ipdª Iªn¡v hnte]n Fópw sNdp]bdv sh´ shůnóv bqjsaópw amwkw sh´ shůn\v cksaópw ]dbpóp. «knIvYssIx clntXm aWvU: t]bm knIvY ka\znXmbhmKpÀ _lpknIvYkymZv hnte]o hncf{Zhm« CXn. IrXmIrX e£Ww «Akvt\l ehWw kÀÆaIrXw ISpssIÀhn\m hntÚbw ehWkvt\l ISpI; kwkvIrXw IrXmw« CXn. HcpZnhkw cïp t\camWv Blmcw hn[n¨ncn¡póXv. B {Ia¯n³ D¯a ha\hpw D¯c hntcN\hpw sNbvX tcmKn aqóp{]mhiyw AXmbXv HócZnhkw t]bpw ]nsó aqóv {]mhiyw hnte]nbpw ]nsó aqóv {]mhiyw IrXmIrXbqjw tNÀ¯ Aóhpw D]tbmKn¡Ww. CtX{]Imcw a²y ip²n sNbvXh³ cïv cïv t\chpw AhÀ ip²n sNbvXh³ Hmtcm t\chpw t]bmZnIÄ ioen¡Ww.

kq£vaamb Aán F{]Imcw XrWtKmabmZnIfneqsS hÀ²n¨p al¯pw Ønchpamb GXnt\bpw Zln¸n¡phm³ ]cym]vXambn¯ocpópthm A{]Imcw tim[\ sNbvXhsâ t]bmZn{IawsImïv hÀ²n¡pó A´cmán al¯pw Ønchpamb GXnt\bpw Zln¸n¡phm³ ]cym]vXambn¯ocpóXmWv.

ha\¯nð \mev thKw DïmIpóXv Ahcha\hpw Bdv thiw DïmIpóXv a²ya ha\hpw F«v thKw DïmIpóXv {]hcha\hpw BIpóp. hntcN\¯nð ]¯v thKw DïmIpóXv AhchntcN\hpw 20 thKw DïmIpóXv a²yhntcN\hpw 30þthKw DïmIpóXv {]hchntcN\hpw BIpóp. hntcN\¯nð ]pd¯vt]mIpó tZmj¯nsâ AfhmIs« AhchntcN\¯nð 2þ{]Øhpw, a²yhntcN\¯nð 3þ{]kvYhpw, D¯ahntcN\¯nð 4þ{]Øhpw BIpóp. GXðX{´m´tc. "hat\N hntctIN XYmtimWnX tam£tW AÀ²{XtbmZi]ew {]ØamlpÀ½\ojnW: ' CXn.

ha\w DuÀ²z]n¯m´amWnjvTw. AXmbXv BZyw I^ha\hpw ]nsó ]n¯ha\hpamWpïmtIïXv. hntcIw A[xI^m´amWnjvSw. AXmbXv BZyw ]n¯hntcIhpw ]nsó I^hntcIhpamWpïmtIïXv. CXv ha\hntcN\¯nsâ kaytKymKamIpóp. hntcN\¯nð aet¯mSpIqSn ctïm aqtóm {]mhiyw DïmIpó thKs¯ hn«n«v tZmj§fpsS Afhv IW¡m¡Ww. ha\¯nemIs« IpSn¨ Huj[w OÀ±n¨Xv hn«n«v tZmj§fpsS Afhv IW¡m¡Ww.

aqómas¯ tNmZy¯nsâ D¯cw ha\uj[w IpSn¨h³ BZyw I^w ]nsó ]n¯w ]nsó hmbp Fóo {Ia¯nð OÀ±n¡póXv kayKv ha\amsWóv a\Ênem¡Ww, lrZbw, ]mÀiz`mKw, incÊv, C{µnbamÀ¤w Fónhbv¡v ip²nbpw icoc¯n\v eLpXzhpw Dïmbn¡mWpóXv ha\¯nsâ kaytKymKe£WamIpóp.

OÀ±nbpsS AtbmK¯nð kvt^mShpw tImThpw sNmdn¨epw DïmhpIbpw lrZb¯n\pw t{kmXÊpIÄ¡pw AYhm C{µnb§Ä¡pw ip²nbnñmXncn¡pIbpw icoc¯n\v L\w tXmópIbpw sN¿pw. OÀ±nbpsS AXntbmK¯nð X®oÀZmlw, at\mhn{`aw tamlmekyw, hmXtIm]w, Dd¡anñmbva, _elm\n FónhbpïmIpw.

kayKzntcI e£Ww þ t{kmXÊpIÄ¡v ip²n, C{µnb§Ä¡v {]kmZw, icoc¯n\v eLpXzw, PTcmán¡v Zo]vXn, tcmK§Ä¡v ia\w FónhbpïmIpIbpw BZyw aew, ]nsó ]n¯w. ]nsó I^w, ]nsó hmbp Fóo {Ia¯nð t]mhpIbpw sN¿póXv kayKzntcI e£WamIpóp.

ZpÀÆotcIe£Ww þ hntcN\w thïXpt]mse DïmImXncpómð I^þ]n¯þhmX§Ä¡v tIm]w, hnbÀ¸v, Aev]mán, icoc¯n\v KpcpXzw, aSn, OÀ±n, AcpNn, hmbp, A\ptemaañmXncn¡pI FónhbpïmIpw.

AXnhntcN\ e£Ww þ hntcN\¯nð I^þcàþ]n¯§Ä £bn¡pIbpw Xónan¯w hmbp tIm]n¡pIbpw Xcn¸v, \pdp§nt\mhv, £oWw, hndbð apXembhbpw \n{Zm\miw, _e£bw; I®ncp«Sbv¡ð, DòmZw, F¡n« Fónhbpw DïmIpóXmbncn¡pw.

\memas¯ tNmZy¯nsâ D¯cw þ ha\þhntcN\¯nsâ kaytKymKm\´cw GgvZnhkw t]bmZn{Iaw ioen¨n«v F«mas¯ Znhkw Blmcw Ign¨p H¼Xmas¯ Znhkw kvt\l]m\w sN¿pItbm AYhm kvt\lhkvXp sN¿pItbm thWw. "tim[\m\´cw \htaƒÓn kvt\l]m\aphmk\w hm' Fóv PXpIÀ®\pw "hntcN\mð k]vXcmt{X KtX PmX_emb N IrXmóbm\phmkym kayKvtZtbmƒ\p hmk\x' Fóv kp{ipX¯nepw ]dbpópïv. C{]Imcw kvt\l]m\tam kvt\lhkvXntbm sNbvXXn\ptijw Ah\v AXnbmb hni¸nsñ¦nð aqómas¯ Znhkw icoc¯nð F®tX¨p IjmbhkvXn sN¿Ww. (AXnbmb hni¸pÅt¸mÄ IjmbhkvXn sNbvXmð AXntbmKapïmhpItbm AYhm hkvXyuj[w taevt]m«v t]mhpItbm sN¿pw.

IjmbhkvXn ]pdt¯¡v t]mbXn\ntijw PmwKeamwkckwIq«n Blmcw sImSp¡Ww. AYhm tZmjhpw Aán_ehpw t\m¡nbn«v AXnó\pkcn¨ Blmcw sImSp¡pItbm thWw. AXn\ptijw Ah³ kvt\lhkvXn sN¿phm\Àl\msW¦nð Að]mlmcw sImSp¯n«v Aóv cm{Xn kvt\lhkvXn sN¿Ww.

tla´þinincþhk´ EXp¡fnð ]Ið kvt\lhkvXn sN¿Ww. {KojvaþhÀjþicXv EXp¡fnð cm{Xnbnð kvt\lhkvXn sN¿Ww. ap¼v kq{XØm\w 13þmw A²ymb¯nð kvt\]m\ hn[nbnð hnhcn¨Xp{]Imcw tZmj§tf¡qSn ]cnc£n¨psImïv kvt\hkvXn sN¿Ww. hmX]n¯m[ntI cm{XmhpjvtWNm]n ]nt]ócx tÇjvam[ntI ZnhmiotX ]nt_¨mae `mkvItc AXypjvtW hm Znhm ]otXm hmX]n¯m[ntI\hm CXymZn. kq{XØm\¯nse kvt\l]m\hn[nIqSn IW¡nseSp¯psImïv kvt\l hkvXn sNt¿ïXmWv.

hkvXn sNbvX kvt\lw ]pdt¯¡v hómð Aóv cm{Xn apgph³ kzØambn Ignªn«v ]ntä Znhkw cmhnsebpw sshIptóchpw Blmcw sImSp¡Ww A§ns\ 3 Znhkw Blmcw sImSp¡Ww. BZys¯ kvt\lhkvXn¡ptijw aqómas¯ Znhktam Aômas¯ Znhktam hoïpw kvt\lhkvXn sNt¿ïXmWv. C{]Imcw tZmjØnXn¡\pkcn¨p cïmas¯ Znhktam aqómas¯ Znhktam Aômas¯ Znhktam ]Ið IjmbhkvXn sNbvXn«v cm{Xn kvt\lhkvXn sN¿Ww.

I^P\yamb hnImc¯nð Hcp hkvXntbm aqóp hkvXntbm sN¿Ww. ]n¯P\yamb hnImc¯nð Aôv hkvXntbm Ggv hkvXntbm sN¿Ww. hmXhnImc¯nð H¼tXm ]Xns\mtóm hkvXn sN¿Ww. kaÀ°\mb sshZy³ 1, 3, 7, 9 11 Fóo Hä kwJybneñmsX Cc« kwJybnð AXmbXv 2, 6, 8, 10 Fóo kwJybnð hkvXn sN¿cpXv. hmX{][m\ tcmK§fnemWv hkvXn hn[n¨ncn¡pósX¦nepw hmX¯n\v I^¯ntâtbm ]n¯¯ntâtbm A\p_Ôapïmbmð tað ]dª{]Imcw hkvXn sNt¿ïXmWv.

hntcN\w sNbvXh\mIs« 7þZnhkwhsc \nÝbambpw IjmbhkvXn sN¿cpXv. AXt]mseXsó IjmbhkvXnsImïv icocip²n hóhs\ 7þZnhkwhsc \nÝbambpw hntamNn¸n¡pIbpw sN¿cpXv. ImcWw AXv iq\yamb tZl¯nsâ \mi¯n\v ImcWambn¯ocpw. AXmbXv hntcN\wsImtïm IjmbhkvXnsImtïm icocip²n hóhs\ 7þZnhksa¦nepw IgnbmsX hoïpw tim[\bv¡v hnt[b\m¡nbmð AXv Ahsâ acW¯n\nSbm¡ntb¡pw.

Aômas¯ tNmZy¯nsâ D¯cwþIjmbhkvXn buh\s¯ \ne\nÀ¯pw, BbpÊv, Pcmán, kpJw, kzcw, HmPÊv, _ew, hÀ®w, ta[ Fónhsb Fñmw Dïm¡pw. inip¡Ä¡pw hr²òmÀ¡pw bphm¡òmÀ¡pw IjmbhkvXn sN¿mhpóXmWv. Fñmhn[ tcmK§tfbpw ian¸n¡pw. aew, I^w, ]n¯w, hmbp, aq{Xw Fónhsb ]pdt¯¡v Ifbpw. icoc¯n\v ZrVXsb Dïm¡pw. ip¢t¯bpw _et¯bpw hÀ²n¸n¡pw. IjmbhkvXn icoc¯nð Øncambn \nev¡pó tZmjkôbs¯ ]pdt¯¡v Ifªv kÀÆhn[ tcmK§sfbpw ian¸n¡pw. IjmbhkvXnsImïv amÀ¤ip²nhó icoc¯nð kvt\lhkvXn sNbvXmð AXv hÀ®{]kmZt¯bpw _et¯bpw Dïm¡pw.

hntijn¨v hmXtcmK]oUnX\v ssXe{]tbmKs¯¡mÄ Ihnªv asämcp {Zhyhpw thsdbnñ. ssXe¯nsâ kv\nKv²XsImïv hmbphnsâ cq£Xtbbpw KpcpXzw sImïv hmbphnsâ ssiXyt¯bpw \in¸n¨n«v ssXew £W¯nð a\x{]kmZt¯bpw hocyt¯bpw et¯bpw hÀ®t¯bpw icoc]pjvSntbbpw Dïm¡póXmWv. ChnSs¯ ssXe i_vZwsImïv LrXt¯¡qSn IW¡mt¡ïXmWv.

hr£aqe¯nð shÅw \\¨mð F{]Imcw hr£w \oe\ndapÅ CeItfmSpw tImafamb ]ñhm{K§tfmSpw IqSnbXmbpw bYmkabw hfÀóp hepXmIpóXmbpw ]pjv]^e§fpïmIpóXmbpw Xocpópthm A{]Imcw a\pjy³ A\phmk\wsImïv bYmkabw ]p{X]u{XmZn k´m\m`nhr²ntbmSp IqSnbh\mbpw bikznbmbpw _lpIoÀ¯nam\mbpw Xocpw.

hmXtIm]w \nan¯w icocw kvXw`n¨pt]mbXnepw k¦pNnXambnt¸mbXnepw sRmïnt¸mbXnepw kÔnNypXn AYhm AØn`wKw DïmbXnepw imJIfnð hmXtcmKapïmbXnepw hntijn¨pw hkvXn {]iv\amIpóp.

hbdv hoÀ¸pÅhcnepw aew Dd¨pI«nbmbnt¸mbhcnepw iqetcmKapÅhcnepw Blmc¯n\v CjvSanñm¯hcnepw hbdnð CtX{]ImcapÅ aäv tcmK§fpÅhcnepw hkvXn Gähpw \ñXmIpóp.

]pcpjt\mSv tNÀón«pw bmsXmcp kv{Xo¡v hmXP\yamb D]{Zh§Ä \nan¯w KÀ`w [cn¡msXt]mIpópthm AhÄ¡pw C{µnbw £bn¨pw icocw £oWn¨pw Ccn¡pó ]pcpjòmÀ¡pw hkvXn Gähpw \ñXmIpóp.

Bdmas¯ tNmZy¯nsâ D¯cw þ DjvWwsImïv ]oUn¡póh\nð ioXhkvXnbpw ioXwsImïv ]oUn¡póh\nð kptJmjvWhkvXnbpw {]tbmKn¡Ww. C{]Imcw hn]coXuj[§Ä D]tbmKn¨psImïpÅ hkvXn kÀÆ{X AXmXnó\pkcn¨ hn[¯nð D]tbmKn¡Ww. AXmbXv kvt\l]oUnX\nð cq£hkvXn cq£]oUnX\nð kvt\lhkvXn Fóo {Ia¯nð hkvXn sNt¿ïXmWv.

tim[\ sNt¿ï tcmK§fnð sshZy³ _rwlW hkvXn {]tbmKn¡cpXv. IpjvTw, {]talw apXemb tcmK§fnepw taZÊv IqSpXepÅhcnepw kwtim[\tbmKyamb aäv tcmK§fnepw _rwlW hkvXn {]tbmKn¡cpXv.

£oW (cmPb£vam) tcmKnIÄ¡pw £X (Dc£X £oWtcmKnIÄ¡pw [mXp¡Ä tKmjn¨hÀ¡pw AXnbmb ZuÀ_eyapÅhÀ¡pw aqÀÑmtcmKapÅhÀ¡pw ha\hntcN\mZn tim[\ sNbvXhÀ¡pw kwtim[\ hkvXn sN¿cpXv. (ha\ hntcN\w sNbvXhÀ¡v Ggv Znhkw Ignªmð hkvXn sN¿mhpóXmWv.) GhÀ¡v tZmj§fnð BbpÊv \nÀº²nXamtWm AhÀ¡pw tim[\hkvXn sN¿cpXv. AXmbXv cmPb£vam tcmKnbpsS BbpÊv aes¯ B{ibn¨mWv \nev¡póXv. A§ns\bpÅhÀ tim[\hkvXn sNbvXmð acW¯n\nSbmIpw.

imJIfnepw tImjvT¯nepw aÀ½§fnepw incÊnepw Fóv thï Fñm Ahbh§fnepw DïmIpó tcmK§Ä¡v {][m\ ImcWw hmbphñmsX asämópañ. "]n¯w]wKp I^w]wKp ]wKthm ae[mXh: hmbp\mb{X\obt´ X{XKÑ´n taLhð' CXn.

aew, aq{Xw, ]n¯w (BZni_vZwsImïv,) I^w, t{kmtXmae§Ä, Bamib§Ä FónhbpsS hntbmKs¯bpw kwtbmKs¯bpw Dïm¡póXv hmbphmIpóp. AXnbmbn hÀ²n¨ B hmbphnsâ ia\¯n\mbn hkvXnbñmsX asämcuj[hpw thsdbnñ. AXpsImïv hkvXnsb NnInÕbpsS ]IpXn`mKamsWópw AXñ NnInðkbpsS apgph³ `mKamsWópw NneÀ ]dbpóp.

\m`n {]tZi¯nepw ISo{]tZi¯nepw {]thin¨n«v hbdns\ Cf¡nbn«v hoïpw ]rjvT`mK¯v kv\nKv²X hó icocs¯ inYneam¡nbn«v I«nbmbn \nð¡pó tZmj§sfbpw ae§tfbpw aÀ±n¨n«v XSªp \nev¡pó tZmj§tfmSpw ae§tfmSpwIqSn ]pdt¯¡v hcpóXv hkvXnbpsS {]ikvXn¡v ImcWamIpóp.

\m`n{]tZiw, ISo{]tZiw, ]mÀiz`mKw, Ip£n Fóo Øm\§sf {]m]n¨n«v AhnsS kônXamb aet¯bpw tZmjkaqls¯bpw Cf¡nbn«v Npcp§nb thK{]hÀ¯\w sImïv kpJambn B tZmjaqe§sf ]pdt¯¡v IfbpóXv hkvXnbpsS kaytKymKamIpóp. IqSmsX ]nóoSv aeþaq{Xhmbp¡Ä icnbmbn ]pdt¯¡v t]mhpI. cpNnbpw Pmcmánbpw Bamib emLhmZnIfpw DïmhpI, tcmKw ian¡pI, tZmj§Ä kaØnXnbnemhpI, _ew DïmhpI Chbpw hkvXnbpsSkaytKymKe£WamIpóp.

Ijmb hkvXnbpsS AtbmK e£Wwþ lrZbw, incÊv, KpZw, hbcv, enwKw Chbnð thZ\, {]Xniymbw, ]cnIÀ¯nI(KpZ¯nð apdn¡póXpt]msebpÅ thZ\), s\ôv Ien¸v, Imkw, AcpNn, aq{X¯n\v XSÊw, izmktcmKw Fónh \ncql¯nsâ AtbmK¯nð DïmIpóXmbncn¡pw.

hntcN\¯nð AXntbmKw hóhópïmIpó e£Ww bmsXmtóm AXv XsóbmWv \ncql¯nð AXntbmKw hóhópw DïmhpI. AXmbXv I^m{k ]n¯£bPm\ntem°m CXymZn

A\phmk\ kaytKymK e£Ww þ hkvXnsNbvX ssXew aet¯mSpIqSn bmsXmcp XSÊhpw IqSmsX aS§n ]pdt¯¡v hcnI, càmZn [mXp¡Ä¡pw _p²n¡pw C{µnb§Ä¡pw {]kóXbpïmhpI, anXamb Dd¡w ImgvNbpw icoc¯n\v emLhhpw _ehpw DïmhpI, aeaq{XmZnthK§Ä XSÊanñmXncn¡pI Fónh A\zmk¯nsâ kaytKymK e£WamIpóp.

icoc¯nsâ At[m`mKw, hbdv, I¿v, ]pdw, ]mÀiz`mKw FónhnS§fnð thZ\, icoc¯n\v cq£X, ae¯n\v ImTn\yw, aeþaq{Xþhmbp¡Ä¡v XSÊw Ch A\phmk\¯nsâ AkaytKymK e£WamIpóp.

s\ôv Ien¸v, at\mhn{`aw, £nWw, XfÀ¨, tamlmekyw, ]cnIÀ¯nI (KpZ¯nð apdn¡póXpt]msebpÅ thZ\) Ch A\zmk¯nsâ AXntbmK e£WamIpóp.

GsXmcph\v hkvXn sNbvX kvt\lw aqóv bmaw AhnsS\nón«v ]nóoSv aS§nhóv ]pdt¯¡v t]mIpópthm AXv icocip²n hóXnsâ e£WamsWódnbWw. hkvXnsNbvX kvt\lw £W¯nð aS§nhcnIbmsW¦nð hoïpw hkvXn sN¿Ww. ImcWw hkvXn sNbvX kvt\lw AhnsS \nev¡mXncpómð kv\nKv²Xsb Dïm¡póXñ.

IÀ½hkvXn, ImehkvXn, tbmKhkvXn Fón{]Imcw hkvXn{Iaw aqóp hn[¯nemIpóp. AXnð IÀ½hkvXn ap¸Xpw ImehkvXn ]Xn\ôpw tbmKhkvXn F«pw BIpóp. IÀ½hkvXn{Iawþ BZyw Hcp kvt\lhkvXn Ahkm\w Aôv kvt\lhkvXn, a²y¯nð kvt\lhkvXn, IjmbhkvXn, kvt\lhkvXnþ IjmbhkvXn, Fóo{Ia¯nð CSIeÀ¯n ]{´ïv kvt\lhkvXnIfpw IqSn BsI 30 hkvXnIÄ. CXn\v IÀ½hkvXn Fóp ]dbpóp. ImehkvXn{Iaw þ BZyw Hcp kvt\lhkvXn, Ahkm\w aqóv kvt\lhkvXn, a²y¯nð Hcp kvt\lhkvXn Hcp IjmbhkvXn, Fóo {Ia¯nð Aôv IjmbhkvXntbmSpIqSnb Bdv kvt\lhkvXn. Fñmw IqSn 15 kvt\lhkvXn. CXn\v ImehkvXn Fóp ]dbpóp. tbmKhkvXn{Iaw þ BZyw Hcp kvt\lhkvXnbpw ]nsó CSIeÀ¯n aqóv IjmbhkvXnbpw aqóv kvt\lhkvXnbpw HSphnð Hcp kvt\lhkvXnbpw IqSnb F«v hkvXn {]tbmK¯n\v tbmKhkvXn Fóp ]dbpóp. Cu hkvXn{Ia§fpw aäpw AjvSmwKlrZbw kq{XØm\w 9þmw B²ymb¯nsâ hymJym\¯nð hniZambn hnhcn¨ncn¡bmð AXnhnsS hoïpw hnhcn¡mXncpóXmWv.

hmXZnIÄ¡v AXmbXv hmXþ]n¯þI^§Ä¡v aqóvþAôvþ\mev AYhm Bdv Fóo {Ia¯nð kvt\lhkvXn sN¿Ww. AXn\ptijw t{kmXÊpIfpsS ip²n¡mbn IjmbhkvXn sN¿Ww. CXnð hmXmXnIm³ Fsómcp ]mTt`Zapïv. AXp{]Imcw hmXm[nIy¯nð aqtóm Atôm \mtem AYhm Btdm hkvXn sN¿WsaóÀ°w. hkvXnbpsS F®s¯ kw_Ôn¨pw aäpw ]ehn[¯nepÅ A`n{]mb hyXymk§fpïv. AsXñmw AjvSmwKlrZbw kq{XØw 19þmw A²ymb¯nsâ hymJym\¯nð hniZoIcn¨n«pïv.

ha\hntcN\m\phmk\ \ncql§Ä sImïv icocip²n hcp¯nbh\v AXn\p tijw {Ia¯nð ap³]dªh sImïv incÊv kv\nKvZv[X hcp¯pIbpw hnbÀ¸n¡pIbpw sNbvXn«v ctïm aqtóm Htóm intcm hntcN\w (\kyw) sN¿Ww. AXv ae§fpsS _es¯ t\m¡nbn«v hntcN\\kyw _rwlW\kyw ia\\kyw Fóo aqóphn[¯nembcn¡pIbpw thWw.

intcmhntcN\¯nsâ kaytKymK¯nð DcÊv, incÊv, C{µnb§Ä Fónh¡v emLhhpw, t{kmXÊpIÄ¡v ip²nbpw DïmIpw. intcmhntcN\¯nsâ Akav.Kv.tKm¯nð IWvT¯nð I^w ]pcïXpt]msebpw incÊn\v KpcpXzhpw DïmhpIbpw Xp¸ns¡mïncn¡pIbpw sN¿pw.

intcmhntcN\¯nsâ AXntbmK¯nð incÊnepw I®nepw iwJ{]tZi¯pw sNhnbnepw thZ\bpw I®ncp«S¡epw DïmIpw. AXntbmK¯nð arZphpw {Zhhpamb ]ZmÀ°w Xr]vXnIcamwhn[w sImSp¡Ww. AXntbmK¯nð hoïpw A`ywKw, kvt\l]m\w, AYhm intcmhkvXn Fónh sImïv kv\nKv²X hcp¯n hoïpw XrjvWamb intcmhntcN\w (\kyw) sN¿Ww.

C{]Imcw ]ôIÀ½w tcmKn¡v AXnó\pkcn¨pw kzØ\v AXnó\pkcn¨pw {]tbmKn¨mð _ehpw BbpÊpw hÀ²n¡pIbpw tcmKw \in¡pIbpw sN¿pw.

F«mas¯ tNmZy¯nsâ D¯cw þ hkvXymZnIfnð F{XImew FSp¡pópthm A{Xbpw Ime¯nsâ Cc«nImew A]°ym]cnlmcImeamIpóp. AXmbXv ]°yw ioent¡ï ImeamIpóp. BZni_vZw sImïv ha\þhntcN\wþintcmhntcN\s¯¡qSn IW¡m¡Ww.

Ggmas¯ tNmZy¯nsâ D¯cw þ AXnbmbn Ccn¡pI, \nð¡pI, kwkmcn¡pI, bm{X sN¿pI, ]Iepd§pI, ssaYp\w sN¿pI, aeaq{XmZn thK§sf [cn¡pI, intXm]Nmcw sN¿pI, shbnð I1ÅpI, ZpxJn¡pI, t{Im[n¡pI, AIme¯pw AlnXambpw `£Ww Ign¡pI Fónh ]ôIÀ½w sNbvXh³ hÀÖn¡Ww.

H¼Xpw ]Xns\mópw tNmZy¯nsâ D¯cw þ hkvXn t\{Xs¯ DÅnð {]thin¸n¡pt¼mÄ XSÊapïmbmepw hnjaambn {]thin¨mepw AXpt]mseXsó AÀiÊv, I^w, aew Ch sImïv amÀ¤XSÊapïmbmepw hkvXn icnbmbn DÅnð {]thin¡póXñ. DÅnð {]thin¨ hkvXn {ZhytZmjmhrXambnt¸mbmepw Aev]ambnt¸mbmepw Aev]hocyapÅXmbmepw kpJambn ]pdt¯¡v hcpóXñ. Xmaknt¨ ]pdt¯¡v hcnIbpÅp.

]¯mas¯ tNmZy¯nsâ D¯cw þ aew, At[mhmbp, aq{Xw FónhbpsS thK{]hÀ¯\t¯mSp tNÀópt]mbmepw hmXw hÀ²n¨mepw KpZ¯n\v _ew Ipdªmepw hkvXn{Zhyw AXypjvWhpw XoIv²hpambnt¸mbmepw arZptImjvTambmepw hkvXn sNbvX DSs\ Xsó ]pdt¯¡v t]mIpóXmbncn¡pw.

]{´ïmas¯ tNmZy¯nsâ D¯cw þ taZÊv sImïpw I^w sImïpw XSbs¸« hmbp iqethZ\, \pdp§nt\mhv, tim^w Fónhsb Dïm¡pw. A§ns\bpÅh\v Adnhnñm¯ sshZy³ tcmKia\¯n\mbn kvt\lw {]tbmKn¡póXmbmð AXv B tcmKs¯ hÀ²n¸n¡pI Xsó sN¿pw.

tað ]dªXp{]Imcw aäp tcmK§Ä AYhm tZmj§Ä ]ckv]cw IqSnt¨Àóp amÀ¤mhtcm[apïm¡nbmepw càmZn[mXp¡sfs¡mïv Zpjn¡s¸« tcmKambmepw a\ÊnemImsX t]mbmð AXmXnóv ]dª Huj[§Ä sImïv tcmK§Ä ian¡póXñ.

Fñm Ahbh§fnepw DïmIpó tcmKia\¯n\mbn {]tbmKn¡pó IÀ½w lo\am{Xbnembmepw AXnam{Xbnembmepw hn]coXIme¯mbmepw an°ybmb D]Nmcambmepw AXv ]°yambXmbmðt]mepw tcmKs¯ ian¸n¡póXñ.

]ôIÀ½s¯ Dt±in¨pÅ ]{´ïphn[ tNmZyw injy\mb Aánthi³ tNmZn¨Xnó\pkcn¨v Ejnt{ijvT\mb Bt{Xb `Khm³ {hPmlnXmÀ°w Ahsb Fñmw Cu Iev]\mkn²n Fó A²ymb¯nð thïXpt]mse hnhcn¨psImSp¯ncn¡póp.