A²ymbw þ 2

]R-N-IÀ½ob kn²n

C\n ]R-N-IÀ½ob kn²nsb hnh-cn-¡p-óp. A²ym-bs¯ Bt{Xb `K-hm³ D]-tZ-in-¨-Xp-{]-Imcw Aán-thi alÀjn hnh-cn-¡p-óp.

Añtbm Aánthi ! GsXmcmÄ¡v GXv ImcWw sImïv NnInÕ sN¿m³ ]mSnñ GsXmcmÄ¡v NnInÕ sN¿m³ ]mSpïv Fónhsbñmw hnhcn¨pXcmw. ]ôIÀ½w GsXmcmÄ¡v GXv ImcWw sImïv sN¿m³ ]mSnñ, GsXmcmÄ¡v ]ôIÀ½w sN¿mw FópÅsXñmw thïXpt]mse hnhcn¨pXcmw.

D{K³ kmlknIÀ½w sN¿póh³, `ocp, IrXÚ³, hy{KXbpÅh³, kÖ\§tebpw sshZyt\bpw cmPmhnt\bpw Zpjn¡póh³, AYhm kÖ\§fpw sshZy\pw cmPmhpw shdp¡s¸Spóh³, timI]oUnX³, bmZrÝnIambn IïXpsIïv Hóp NnInÕn¨pIfbmsaóv tXmópóh³, acWaSp¯h³, D]IcWanñm¯h³, sshZysâ i{Xp, kzbw sshZyhnZKv²\msWóv \Sn¡póh³, {i²bnñm¯h³, NnInÕbnð i¦bpÅh³, sshZy\v hgns¸Sm¯h³, Fónhsc AdnhpÅ sshZy³ NnInÕn¡cpXv. C§ns\bpÅhsc NnInÕn¨mð sshZy³ At\Ihn[ tZmj§sf A\p`hnt¡ïnhcpw.

tað]dªhscmgn¨pÅ asäñmhÀ¡pw Fñmhn[ NnInÕbpw sN¿Ww. AXv GtXXhØbnð GtXXv NnInÕ sN¿Ww GtXXv NnInÕ sN¿mXcn¡Ww Fóv hn`Pn¨v hnhcn¨pXcmw.

OÀ±n¸n¡m³ ]mSnñm¯hÀ þ £XapÅh³, £oW³, AXnØqe³, AXnIri³, hr²³, _me³, ZpÀ_e³, XfÀóh³, ZmlapÅh³, hni¸pÅh³, {]hÀ¯n¨pw `mcw Npaópw hgn\Sópw £oWn¨h³, D]hmkw, ssaYp\w, A²yb\w, A²yi\w, hymbmaw, Nn´ Chbnð apgpIyhÀ, icocw ipjvIn¨h³, KÀ`nWn, kpIpamc³, tImjvTw Npcp§nbh³ OÀ±n¡phm³ {]bmkapÅh³, DuÀ²zKcà]n¯tcmKn, \nc´cw OÀ±n¡póh³, DuÀ²zhmXtcmKn, BØm]\hpw A\zmk\hpw sNbvXh³, lrt{ZmKn, DZmhÀ¯tcmKn, aq{XmLmXw, Kpevaw, ¹olmhr²n, atlmZcw, AjvToe, kzct`Zw, Xnancw, inciqe, iwJiqe, IÀ®iqe, A£niqe, ]mÀiziqe, FónhsImïv ]oUn¸n¡póhÀ Fóhscñmw OÀ±n¸n¡phm³ ]mSnñm¯hcmIpóp.

tað¸ªhsc OÀ±n¸n¡phm³ ]mSnsñóv ]dbphm\pÅ ImcWw þ Dc£XapÅhs\ OÀ±n¸n¨mð Ah\v hoïpw DSs\ càw IqSpXembn OÀ±n¡pw. £oWmXniqe Irihr²_me ZpÀ_eòmÀ¡v ha\uj[¯nsâ _ew kln¡m³ IgnbmbvI\nan¯w _e£btam AYhm acWtam DïmIpw. {im´]n]mknX £p[nXòmÀ¡pw AXpt]mseXsóbpïmIpw. IÀ½`mcm²zmltXm]hmk ssaYp\m²yi\ hymbma Nn´m{]kà £maòmÀ¡pw cq£X\nan¯w hmXtIm]hpw cà{]hÀ¯nbpw Dcx£Xhpw DïmIptam Fóv `bs¸tSïXmWv. KÀ`nWnIÄ¡v KÀ`hym]¯pw KÀ`On{Zhpw DïmhpI\nan¯w ZmcpWamb tcmK§fpïmIpw. kpIpamc icoc {]IrXn¡mÀ¡v lrZb¯n\v BLmXapïmhpI \nan¯w DuÀ²zmt[m `mK§fnð¡qSn AXnbmb cà{kmhapïmIpw. tImjvTw, Npcp§nbhÀ¡pw OÀ±n¡phm³ {]bmkapÅhÀ¡pw AXnbmbn Hm¡m\nt¡ïnhcpóXpsImïv \ñXpt]mse Dðt¢iwhó tZmj§Ä ]pdt¯¡v t]mImsX tImjvT¯nsâ DÅnð hym]n¨p kvXw`\w, PmUyw, tamlmekyw ChbpïmhpItbm AYhm acWwXsó DïmhpItbm sN¿pw. DuÀ²zKcà]n¯tcmKn¡v DZm\hmbp taevt]m«v hón«v càw AXnbmbn OÀ±n¡pIbpw {]mWlm\nbpïmhpIbpw sN¿pw. \nc´cw OÀ±n¨psImïncn¡póh\pw OÀ±n¸n¨mð CtX{]Imcw XsóbpïmIpw. DuÀ²zhmXtcmKn¡pw BØm]\hkvXnbpw A\phmk\hkvXnbpw sNbvXh\pw OÀ±n¸n¨mð AXnbmb A\phmk\hkvXnbpw sNbvXh\pw OÀ±n¸n¨mð AXnbmb DuÀ²zhmX {]hÀ¯\apïmIpw. lrt{ZmKn¡v lrZbkvXw`\hpw DZmhÀ¯tcmKn¡v AXnbmb DZmhÀ¯hpw Dïmbn«v £W¯nð acn¡phm\nSbmIpw. aq{XmLmXw apXembhsImïv ]oUnXcmbhÀ¡v ITn\amb iqethZ\bpïmIpw. XnancapÅhÀ¡v Xnancw AXnbmbn hÀ²n¡pw. incx iwJmZnIfnð iqebpÅhÀ¡v iqe AXnbmbn hÀ²n¡pw. AXpsImïv Cu ]dªhsc ha\uj[w sImSp¯p OÀ±n¸n¡cpXv. Fómð Cu ]dªhcnð hnjw, Iq«phnjw, hncp²mlmctZmjw Chbpïmbmð OÀ±n \njn²añ. ImcWw hnjmZn tZmj§fpsS io{LImcnXzw \nan¯w OÀ±n \njn²ambXnðt]mepw OÀ±n¸nt¡ïnhómð OÀ±n¸nt¡ïXmWv.

ap³]dªhscmgn¨v tijw tcmKnIfmIs« OÀ±n¸nt¡ïhcmIpóp. ]o\kw, IpjvTw, \hPzcw, £bw, Imkw, izmktcmKw, Kf{Klw, KWvUame, Ço]Zw, {]talw, aµmán, hncp²mlmctkh, APoÀ®¯nepÅ Blmctkh, hnjqNnI, AekIw, hnjw IpSn¡pI, hnjw]pcï Akv{Xw Xd¡pI, At[mKcà]n¯w, I^{]tkIw, s\ôvIen¸v, AcpNn, Zl\£bw, A]Nn, A]kvamcw, DòmZw, AXnkmcw, tim^w, ]mWvUptcmKw, hmbnð¸p®v, kvX\ytZmjw apXembh DÅhsc OÀ±n¸n¡Ww. kq{XØm\¯nse 20þmas¯ almtcmKm²ymb¯nð ]dª I^{][m\tcmK§fnð hntijn¨pw ha\w Gähpw {][m\amIpóp. AXv F{]ImcsaómðþIï¯nsâ hc¼v apdn¨nf¡nbmð shÅsañmw hänhcïp imeymZn[m\y§Ä DW§n \in¨pt]mIpóXpt]mse.

hntcNn¸n¡phm³ ]mSnñm¯hÀ þ kpJambn Pohn¡póhÀ KpZ¯n\v £XapÅhÀ KpZhenbnð aew XSªp \nev¡m¯hÀ, At[mKcà]n¯tcmKn, D]hmkw ioen¨hÀ, C{µnb ZuÀ_eyapÅhÀ, Aev]mánbpÅhÀ, IjmbhkvXn sNbvXhÀ Imat{Im[mZnIfnð AXnbmb Xmev]cyapÅhÀ, APoÀ®apÅhÀ, \hPzchpw aZmXybhpw hbdv hoÀ¸pw DÅhÀ, hbdnð ieyw Xd¡pIbpw A`nLmXtaev¡pIbpw sNbvXhÀ, AXnkv\nKv²Xbpw AXncq£Xbpw {IqctImjvTXbpw DÅhcpw Ahayòmcnð ]dª £X£oWmZn apXð KÀ`nWy´whscbpÅhcpw hntcNn¸n¡phm³ ]mSnñm¯hcmIpóp.

ku`mKyhms\ hntcNn¸n¨mð kpIpamc icoc{]IrX¡msc OÀ±n¸n¨mepïmIpó lrZbmLmXapïmIpIbpw DuÀ²zmt[m `mK§fnð¡qSn AXnbmbn càw {khn¡pIbpw sN¿pw. KpZ¯nð £XapÅh\v £X¯nð hmbp\ndªp {]mWlm\n hcnItbm ITn\thZ\bpïmhItbm sN¿pw. KpZ\mfapà\v aew AXnbmbnfInt¸mbn {]mWlm\n hcpw. At[mK cà]n¯tcmKn¡pw AXpt]mseXsóbpïmIpw. hnewLnX ZpÀ_te{µnbmev]mán \ncqVòmÀ¡v hntcN\uj[ _es¯ kln¡m³ IgnbpóXñ. Imat{Im[mZn at\mtZmj¯nð apgpInbhÀ¡v aew t]mImXncn¡pItbm AYhm {]bmks¸«mð Aev]w t]mhpItbm AtbmK tZmjapïmhpItbm sN¿pw. APoÀ®apÅh\v hntcN\wsImïv ]mIw hcm¯ tZmjw ]pdt¯¡v t]mImXncn¡pIbpw hmXw tIm]n¡pIbpw sN¿pw. aZmXybtcmKn¡v hntcN\wsImïv aZy¯mð £oWnXamb tZl¯nð hmbp hÀ²n¨p _e£btam {]mWlm\ntbm DïmIpw. hbdv hoÀ¯ht\m hbdv hoÀ¯psImïncn¡póht\m hntcN\w sNbvXmð Ahsâ aemib¯nð kônXamb hmbp tIm]n¨p s]«óv B\mlw Xo{hamhpItbm AYhm acWw kw`hn¡pItbm sN¿pw. hbdnð ieyw Xd¨XpsImtïm A`nLmXw GäXpsImtïm ]oUb\p`hn¡póh\v hntcN\w sNbvXmð Ahsâ £Xs¯ B{ibn¨p \nð¡pó hmbp {]mW\mis¯ Dïm¡pw. icoc¯nð kv\nKv²X IqSpXepÅh\v hntcN\w sNbvXmð hntcN\¯nsâ AXntbmKw Dïmtb¡pw. cq£\v hntcN\w sNbvXmð hmbp Ahbh§fnð ]nSp¯apïm¡pw. {IqctImjvT\v hntc]\wsImïv tZmj§Ä hÀ²n¨p lrZbiqe, kÔnthZ\, B\mlw, \pdp§nt\mhv, OÀ±n, tamlmekyw, £oWw Fónhsb Dïm¡n {]mWlm\n¡nSbm¡pw. £XmZn KÀ`nWy´w htcbpÅhsc hntcNn¸n¨mð OÀ±n¨mepïmIpsaóv ]dª tZmj§sfñmapïmIpw. AXpsImïv Cu ]dª hn[¯nepÅhscsbmópw hntcNn¸n¡cpXv.

ap³]dªhscmgn¨v tijw tcmKnIfmIs« hntcNn¸nt¡ïhcmIpóp. AXmbXv IpjvTw, Pzcw, {]talw, DuÀ²zmKcà]n¯w, `Kµcw, AÀiÊv, {_[v\tcmKw, ]vfolmhr²n, Kpevaw, AÀ_pZw, KfKWvUw, {KÙn, hnjqNnI, AekIw, aq{XmLmXw, IrantImjvTw, hnkÀ¸w, ]mWvUptcmKw, incxiqe, ]mÀiziqe, DZmhÀ¯w, t\{XtcmKw, apJtcmKw, lrt{ZmKw, hywKw, \oeoI, sNhn ]gp¸v, KpZ¯nð ]gp¸v, enwK¯nð ]gp¸v, leoaIw, izmktcmKw, Imkw, Imae, A]Nn, A]kvamcw, DòmZw, hmXcàw, tbm\ntcmKw, tctXm tZmjw, Xnancw, AtcmNIw, Aánamµyw, OÀ±n, tim^w, atlmZcw, hnkvt^mSIw, ChbpÅhÀ¡pw kq{XØm\w 20þmw A²ymb¯nð ]dª ]n¯JnImc tcmKnIÄ¡pw hntcN\w Gähpw {][m\amIpóp. AXv F{]Imcsaómð Aán ian¨mð AánKrlw XWp¡póXpt]mse.

BØm]\hkvXn sN¿m³ ]mSnñm¯hÀ þ APoÀ®tcmKn, icoc¯n\v AXnbmbn kv\nKv²XbpÅh³, kvt\l]m\w sNbvXh³, Dð¢njvSamb tZmjw _lnÀKat\mòpJambh³, bm{XsImïv £oWn¨h³, AXnZpÀ_e³, hni¸pw Zmlhpw DÅh³, ITn\m²zm\wsImïv £oWn¨h³, AXnbmbn icocw saenªh³, At¸mÄ `£Ww Ign¨h³, At¸mÄ shÅw IpSn¨h³, ha\hpw hntcN\hpw sNbvXh³, \kywsNbvXh³, t{Im[hpw `bhpw aZhpw aqÀÑbpw DÅh³, \nc´cw OÀ±n¡pIbpw Xp¸ns¡mïncn¡pIbpw sN¿póh³, Imkw izmktcmKw, G¡n«, _t²mZcw, Ont{ZmZcw, PtemZcw, B[vam\w, AekIw, hnjqNnI FónhbpÅhcpw KÀ`w ]Xn¨pt]mbhfpw AXnkmcw, a[ptalw, IpjvTw FónhsImïv ]oUnXcmbhcpw IjmbhkvXn sN¿m³ ]mSnñm¯hcmIpóp.

APoÀ®tcmKn¡pw AXnkv\nKv²\pw kvt\l]m\w sNbvXh\pw IjmbhkvXn sNbvXmð ZqtjymZcw (kón]mtXmZcw) aqÀO Chtbm icoc¯nð ho¡tam DïmIpw. Dð¢njvS tZjmhpw aµmánbpw DÅh\v Xo{hamb AcpNnbpïmIpw. khmcnsImïv £oWn¨hóv sNbvX hkvXn t£m`wsImïv hnIrXambn £W¯nð icocs¯ timjn¸n¡pw. AXnZpÀ_e\pw AXnbmbn hni¸pw Zmlhpw DÅh\pw ITn\m²zm\wsImïv £oWn¨h\pw IjmbhkvXn sNbvXmð Cuhn[¡mÀ¡v hntcN\w sNbvXmð DïmIpsaóv ap¼v ]dª tZmj§sfñmapïmIpw. AXnIri\v hkvXn sNbvXmð ImÀiyw hoïpw hÀ²n¡pw. shÅw IpSn¨h\pw `£Ww Ign¨h\pw hkvXnsNbvXmð hmbphn\v Dðt¢iapïmbn«v hkvXntbmSptNÀóp taðt]mt«m Iogvt]mt«m t]mbn £W¯nð `b¦camb tcmK§sf Dïm¡pw. ha\hntcN\w sNbvXh\v Ahsâ cq£amb icocw, IjmbhkvXnsImïv apdntªS¯v £mcw sh¨mseót]msebmbn¯ocpw \kyw sNbvXh\v hkvXn sNbvXmð at\mhn{`ahpw t{kmtXm\ntcm[hpapïmIpw, AXnbmbn t{Im[¨h\pw `bóh\pw sNbvX hkvXn{Zhyw taevt]m«v t]mIpw. AXmbXv hmbnð¡qSnhcpw. aZhpw aqÀÑbpw DÅh³ Ahsâ kwÚ CfIn¡fn¡póXmbXpsImïv Nn¯\miP\yamb hym]¯pïmIpw. \nc´cw OÀ±nbpw Xp¸ns¡mïncn¡epw Imkhpw izmktcmKhpw F¡n«bpw DÅh\v DuÀ²zKXnbmbncn¡pó hmbp hkvXnsb taevt]mt«¡v sImïpt]mIpw. _²KptZmZchpw Ont{ZmZchpw PtemZchpw B[vam\hpw DÅh\v hkvXn hÀ²n¨p hbdv hoÀ¸pïm¡nbn«v {]mWs\ \in¸n¡pw. AekIw hnjqNnI, H¼Xv amkw XnIbm¯ KÀ`w AXnkmcw FónhbpÅhÀ¡v BaP\yamb tZmjapïmIpw. a[ptalhpw IpjvThpw DÅhÀ¡v IjmbhkvXn sNbvXmð tcmKw hoïpw hÀ²n¡pw. AXpsImïv Cu ]dªhÀs¡mópw IjmbhkvXn sN¿cpXv.

tað]dª tcmKnIsfmgn¨p aäv tcmKnIÄ¡v IjmbhkvXn sN¿mw. AXmbXv kÀÆmwKtcmKw, GImwKtcmKw, Ip£ntcmKw, hmXtcmKw, aetc[w, aq{Xtcm[w, ip¢tcm[w, e£bw, hÀ®£bw, amwk£bw, tcX£bw, £XtZmjw, B[vam\w, Ahbh§fnð Xcn¸v, IrantImjvTw, DZmhÀ¯w, tZlkvXw`w, AXnkmcw, icoc¯nð apgph³ NqSv, ¹olmhr²n, Kpevaw, ipethZ\, lrt{ZmKw, `Kµcw, DòmZw, {_ÔtcmKw, incxiqe, IÀ®iqe, lrZbiqe, lrZbiqe, ]mÀiz{Klw ISo{Klw, hndbð, Bt£]Iw, AXnKuchw, AXnemLhw, cPx£bw (amk[À½£oWnX AYhm A\mÀ¯hw) FónhsImïv ]oUnXcmbhÀ¡pw hnjamánbpÅhÀ¡pw Bk\w, ap«v, IW¦mð, XpS, ]pd¦mð, aS¼v, DÅwImð, tbm\n, I¿v, hncð, kvX\w, ]ñv, kÔnIÄ, AØn Fónhbnð iqebpw tim^hpw kvXw`\hpw DÅhÀ¡pw B{´IqP\hpw ]cnIÀ¯nIbpw DÅhÀ¡pw Aev]mð]w i_vZt¯mSpIqSnbpw D{KKÔt¯mSpIqSnbpw aetim[\bpÅhÀ¡pw hntijn¨v kq{XØm\¯nse almtcmKm²ymb¯nð ]dª hmXhym[nIÄ¡pw IjmbhkvXn sN¿Ww. Cu tcmK§fnð IjmbhkvXn Gähpw {][m\amIpóp. AXv F{]Imcsaómð hr£¯nsâ aqetÑZw sImïv hr£w \in¨pt]mIpóXpt]mse, hmXhnImc¯nsâ aqetOZwsImïv icoc¯nse aäv tcmK§fpw \in¨pt]mIpóXmIpóp.

IjmbhkvXn sN¿m³ ]mSnsñóv ]dªp APoÀ®mZnIfnð kvt\lhkvXnbpw sN¿m³ ]mSpÅXñ, hntijn¨v `£Ww Ign¡m¯h\nepw \hPzcw, ]mWvUptcmKw, Imae, {]talw, AÀiÊv, AtcmNIw, Aánamµyw, _e£bw, {]Xniymbw, ¹oltcmKw, It^mZcw, DucpkvXw`w, aeanfInt¸mIð, ChbpÅhcnepw hnjtam Kctam IpS¨hcnepw ]n¯m`njyµw, I^m`njyµw, KpcptImjvTw Ch DÅhcnepw kvt\lhkvXn sN¿m³ ]mSpÅXñ.

Blmcw Ign¡m¯h\v tImjvTamÀ¤¯nð bmsXmcmhcWhpw Cñm¯Xn\mð hkvXn sNbvX kvt\lw taevt]m«v t]mIpw. \hPzcw, ]mWvUptcmKw, Imae, {]talw ChbpÅhÀ¡v tZmj¯n\v Dðt¢iw Dïmbn«v DZctcmKs¯ Dïm¡pw. AÀtimtcmKn¡v AÀiÊnð ¢nóXbpïm¡nbn«v hbdv hoÀ¸nïm¡pw. AtcmNItcmKn¡v Aó¯nepÅ B{Klw hoïpw IqSpXembnñmXmIpw. aµmánbpw _e£bhpw DÅh\v Aán hoïpw IqSpXembn aµo`hn¡pw. {]Xniymbw, ¹oltcmKw apXembh DÅhÀ¡v tZmj§Ä¡v ap¼pÅXnt\¡mÄDðt¢iw Dïmbn«v hoïpw tZmj§Ä hÀ²n¡pw. AXpsImïv Cu hn[¡mÀ¡v kvt\lhkvXn sN¿cpXv.

IjmbhkvXn sN¿phm³ tbmKycmbhÀ kvt\lhkvXn sN¿phm\pw tbmKycmIpóp. hntijn¨v cq£icoc {]IrXn¡mÀ¡pw Xo£vWmánbpÅhÀ¡pw tIhehmXtcmK ]oUnXÀ¡pw kvt\lhkvXn Gähpw {][m\amIpóp. AtX{]Imcsaómð aqetOZ¯mð hr£w \in¡póXpt]msebpw aqetkI¯mð hr£w hfcpóXpt]msebpw BIpóp. AXmbXv hmX¯nsâ aqeØm\amb ]IzmiX¯nð {]thin¡pó kvt\lhkvXn hmtXmev]mZ\Icamb ImcWs¯ \in¸n¨n«v k¼qÀ® icncKX hmXhnImcs¯ ian¸n¡póp. AXpt]mseXsó cq£icoc {]IrXn¡mcsâ ]Izmib¯nð {]thin¡pó kvt\lhkvXn icocs¯ apgph³ kv\nKv²X hcp¯nbn«v icocs¯ ]pjvSns¸Sp¯póp.

intcmhntcN\¯n\v A\ÀlcmbhÀþAPoÀ®tcmKn, Blmcw Ign¨h³, kvt\l]m\w sNbvXh³, aZytam shÅtam IpSn¡m\m{KlapÅh³, XeIpfn¨h³, Ipfn¡m\m{Kln¡póh³, £p[mÀ¯³, XrjvWmÀ¯³, {iamÀ¯³, a¯³, aqÀÑbpÅh³, ikv{XwsImtïm hSnsImtïm £Xtaäh³, hymbmaw sImtïm ssaYp\wsImtïm aZy]m\wsImtïm £oWn¨h³, \hPzctcmKn ZpxJ]oUnX³, hntcN\tam kvt\lhkvXntbm sNbvXh³. KÀ`nWn \h{]Xniymb tcmKn FónhÀ intcmhntcN\¯n\v AtbmKycmIpóp. \kytbmKyañm¯ EXphnepw AXmbXv tla´þ{KojvaþhÀjþEXp¡fnepw ZpÀ±n\§fnepw intcmhntcN\w sN¿m³ ]mSnñm¯XmIpóp. "taLOtóƒ Ón ZpÀ±n\mx' CXn.

APoÀ®tcmKn¡pw Blmcw Ign¨h\pw \kyw sNbvXmð tZmjw DuÀ²zhl t{kmXÊpIÄ¡v BhcWapïm¡nbn«v Imkw, izmktcmKw, OÀ±n, {]Xniymbw, Fónhsb Dïm¡pw. kvt\l]m\w sN¿pItbm, aZytam shÅtam IpSn¡m\m{Kln¡pItbm sNbvXh\v \kyw sNbvXmð apJ{kmhw, \mkm{kmhw, I®nð ]of ]pcïncn¡pI Xnancw, intcmtcmKw Fónhsb Dïm¡pw. Ipfn¨ DSs\ \kyw sN¿pItbm \kywsNbvX DSs\ Ipfn¸n¡pItbm sNbvXmð {]XniymbapïmIpw. hni¸vsImïv ]oUnX\mbh\v \kyw hmXtIm]s¯ Dïm¡pw. Zml]oUnX\v Zmlw hÀ²n¡pIbpw hmb hdfpIbpw sN¿pw. {iamÀ¯\pw a¯\pw aqÀÑnX\pw intcmhntcN\w sNbvXmð ChÀ¡v BØm]\hkvXn sNbvXmepïmIpsaóv ]dª tZmjapïmIpw. ikv{XwsImïpw hSnsImïpw £Xtaäh\v ITn\amb thZ\sb Dïm¡pw. hymbmahpw ssaYp\hpw aZy]m\hpwsImïv £oWn¨h\v incÊv, Igp¯v, I®v, s\ôv Chbnð ]oUbpïmIpw, \hPzctcmKn¡pw ZpxJnX\pw \kywsNbvXmð Dujvamhv, t\{X\mUnbnð hym]n¨p Xnanct¯bpw Pzchr²ntbbpw Dïm¡pw. hntcN\w sNbvXh\v \kywsNbvXmð hmbptIm]n¨p C{µnb\mis¯ Dïm¡pw. kvt\lhkvXn sNbvX DSs\ intcmhntcN\w sNbvXmð Zpjn¨^ew XeL\t¯bpw sNmdn¨ent\bpw IrantZmjt¯bpw Dïm¡pw. KÀ`nWn¡v \kyw sNbvXmð KÀ`w kvXw`n¨p t]mIpw. am{Xañ Ip«n tIm¦®t\m ssIapS´t\m Hcp`mKw XfÀóht\m ImðapS´t\m Bbnt¸mhpIbpw sN¿pw. \h{]XniymbtcmKn¡v \kyw sNbvXmð t{kmXÊpIfnð hnImcs¯ Dïm¡pw. A\rXphnepw ZpÀ±n\¯nepw \kyw sNbvXmð ioXtZmjw \nan¯w aq¡p\mähpw intcmtcmKhpw DïmIpw. AXpsImïv Cu ]dª hn[¯nepÅhscmópw intcmhntcN\mÀlcñ.

tað¸dªhscmgn¨p aäpÅ tcmKnIsfñmw intcm hntcN\¯n\p AÀlcmIpóp. hntijn¨v incxkvXw`w, Z´kvXw`w, a\ymkvXw`w, l\pkvXw`w, ]o\kw, KfipWvUnIm, imeqIw (Hcp IWvTtcmKhntijw) t\{Xip¢w, Xnancw, hÀßtcmKw hywKw, D]PnlznI, AÀ²mht`ZIw, Fónhbnepw {Kohw, kvIÔw, hmb, aq¡v, sNhn, I®v, XetbmSv, FónhbnepïmIpó tcmK§fnepw XethZ\, AÀ±nXw, A]Xm\Iw, A]X{´Iw, KfKWvUw, Z´iqe, Z´lÀjw ]ñnfIð, I®v, Nph¸v, DuÀ²zKX \mVotcmKw, AÀ_pZw, kzct`Zw, hm¡n\v XSÊw, KZvKZhm¡v apXembhbnepw Igp¯n\v taevt]m«pïmIpó ]qÀ®ambpw ]mIwhó hmXhnImc§fnepw intcmhntcN\w Gähpw {][m\amIpóp. ImcWw AXv incÊnð {]thin¨n«v aÖt]inImZnItfmSv tNÀóp\nev¡pó hnImcs¯ Dïm¡pó tZmjs¯ ]pdt¯¡v IfbpóXmWv.

{]mhrSvþicXvþhk´ EXp¡sfmgn¨pÅ aäv EXp¡fnð AXmbXv tla´þ{KojvaþhÀj EXp¡fnð \kyw sN¿m³ ]mSnsñóv ]dªn«psï¦nepw ASnb´cambn \kyw sNt¿ïXmbn hcpó tcmK§fnð \kyw sN¿Ww. A§ns\ \kyw sN¿póXv {Kojva¯nð cmhntebpw tla´¯nð D¨¡pw hÀj¯nð ZpÀ±n\¯nepw AXmbXv ags]¿msX BImiw taLmhrXamb Ahkc¯nepw Bbncn¡Ww.

C{]Imcw ]ôIÀ½w hnkvXcn¨p hnhcn¡s¸«p GsXmcmÄ¡v GsXmcp IÀ½w GXv ImcW¯mð AlnXamsWópw GXv ImcW¯mð lnXamsWópw hnhcn¡s¸«p. imkv{X¯nð \nÀt±in¡s¸« Imcyw Xsóbmbmepw GIm`n{]mb¯nð AXns\ B{ibn¡cpXv. AhnsS _p²nam\mb sshZy³ XÀ¡hnXÀ¡§fneqsS kzbw Hcp Xocpam\¯nse¯Ww. ImcWw tZiw, Imew, _ew Chbv¡\pkcn¨p AhØ DïmIpóp. B AhØm t`Z¯nó\pkcn¨v sN¿m³ ]dbm¯ IÀ½w sNt¿ïXmbpw sN¿m³ ]dª IÀ½w XtÅïXmbpw hcpw. AXv F{]Imcsaómð OÀ±n, lrt{ZmKw, Kpevaw Fónhbv¡v ha\w \njn²amsWóv ]dªncn¡póp. Fómð AXmXnsâ NnInðkm {]IcW¯nepw AXmXnsâ AhØmhntij¯nó\pkcn¨v ha\w sN¿msaópw ]dªn«pïv. AXpt]mseXsó IpjvTtcmKnIÄ¡v hkvXn IÀ½w \njn²amIpóp. Fómð AhØmt`Z¯nó\pkcn¨v \ncqlhkvXn sN¿msaópw ]dªn«pïv. AXpsImïv imkv{X¯nð ]dªn«psï¦nð t]mepw kzbw _p²nsImïqln¨p {]hÀ¯n¡Ww. XÀ¡ hnXÀ¡w IqSmsX {]hÀ¯n¨mð bmsXmcp ^ekn²n ImWpópthm AXv bmZrÑnIambpïmIpó ^ekn²nbmsWóv a\Ênem¡Ww.